The present invention relates to an exercise prescription system which comprises an exercise machine management server, a plurality of exercise machine terminals, and a plurality of user terminals, and which is suitable for exercise facilities such as a fitness center. More particularly, the present invention relates to an exercise prescription system in which each of the exercise machine terminals indiscernibly and automatically detects a current user of a relevant exercise machine, reads exercise history information of the user from the exercise machine management server, measures the physical fitness and the like of the user during exercise through the user terminal or the like, determines a tailor-made exercise prescription suitable for the user, formulated and quantified by the thus-obtained basic personal information, physical fitness information, and maximum oxygen consumption (hereinafter, referred to as VO2Max), and provides feedback to the user through each exercise machine terminal on a real-time basis. The exercise prescription system of the present invention comprises said user terminals, each of which has a slave module worn on the chest of the user via a chest belt to obtain an electrocardiograph, a photoplethysmograph (PPG), the activity, and a biological signal of the body temperature of the user; said exercise machine terminals, each of which determines an exercise prescription using the biological signal received from the user terminals, and the last exercise prescription data, basic personal information, and physical fitness information, and controls the exercise machines in accordance with the exercise prescription; and said exercise machine management server which stores basic personal information and physical fitness information, receives exercise prescription data of the user from the exercise machine terminals, stores the received data, and transmits the last exercise prescription data, basic personal information, and physical fitness information to the exercise machine terminals in accordance with the requests from the exercise machine terminals.