A parallel, multi-stage noise shaping (MASH) de!fa-sigma (?S) modulator reduces the required operating frequency by predicting the inputs to later stages of a serial MASH modulator to be multiples of the MASH input. An Nth order parallel MASH ?S modulator generates N outputs (one from each stage) in a single modulator cycle. Accordingly, the Nth order parallel MASH ?S modulator may be operated at 1/N the frequency of a corresponding prior art Nth order serial MASH ?S modulator.