The present invention relates to a rotary table structure for a machine tool. The rotary table structure includes: a plunger disposed to pass through a palette plate supporting a palette so as to protrude, the plunger moved by the palette; a detection sensor detecting the plunger; a cylinder disposed on a side of the palette plate; a piston disposed to be slidably movable along an inner wall of the cylinder; a piston rod coupled to the palette plate; a slider disposed on a side of the piston so as to extend; and a guide member slidably supporting the slider. Thus, the structure of the table may be simply improved and also prevent a palette detection unit from interfering with other components to stably lift the palette.