Examples described herein involve detecting known impairments or other known conditions using a neural network. An example implementation involves receiving data indicating a response of a playback device as captured by a microphone. The implementation also involves determining an input vector by projecting a response vector that represents the response of the playback device onto a principle component matrix representing variance caused by one or more known impairments. The implementation further involves providing the determined input vector to a neural network that includes an output layer comprising neurons that correspond to respective known impairments. The implementation involves detecting that the input vector caused one or more neurons of the neural network to fire such that the neural network indicates that a particular known impairment is affecting the microphone and/or the playback device and adjusting operation of the playback device and/or the microphone to offset the particular known impairment.