Provided are a port machinery inspection device and inspection method, having an unmanned aerial vehicle set (101), a ground positioning device set (102), a ground monitoring and control processing device (103), and a data management and evaluation device (104). An unmanned aerial vehicle performs inspection of port machinery and obtains an image of the port machinery. A ground positioning device locates the three-dimensional position of the drone. The ground monitoring and control apparatus (103) communicates with the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground positioning device, controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly, receives an image obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and monitors the status of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The data management and evaluation device (104) communicates with the ground monitoring and control device (103); the data management and evaluation device (104) stores basic data of the port machinery, receives from the ground monitoring and control device the image obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle, identifies and analyzes damage according to the image, and generates evaluation results on the basis of the damage identification and analysis.