Disclosed are a brake control system (101) and an urban rail train (100), each train carriage (100b) being provided with one brake control system (101), wherein the brake control system (101) comprises a brake control unit (3), a hydraulic unit (4), four electromechanical brake controllers (5), and four electromechanical units (6); the brake control unit (3) is adapted to brake a corresponding wheel (1) by controlling two calipers (2) of a bogie (100c) by means of the hydraulic unit (4) during service braking; and the electromechanical brake controller (5) is adapted to control the corresponding calipers (2) so that same brake the corresponding wheel (1) by means of the corresponding electromechanical unit (6) during parking braking.