Embodiments disclosed in the present document relate to: an electronic device for selectively generating video by using image data acquired at a frame rate changed according to the distance between a subject and a reference region; and an operation method therefor. An electronic device according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document comprises a camera, a display, a memory and a processor, wherein the processor can be configured so as to: acquire, according to a first frame rate, a plurality of first images including an object of interest by using the camera; check the distance between a reference region set on the basis of an input and the object of interest, by using at least a part of the plurality of first images; acquire, according to a second frame rate higher than the first frame rate, a plurality of second images including the object of interest by using the camera, when the distance satisfies a first designated condition; check whether the position of the object of interest at least temporarily belongs to the reference region, by using at least a part of the plurality of second images, during the acquisition of the plurality of second images; and generate video corresponding to the second frame rate for the object of interest, at least by using, among the plurality of second images, at least a part of images corresponding to a time, which at least temporarily belongs to the reference region, when the position at least temporarily belongs to the reference region.