According to various embodiments, an electronic device comprises: a housing; a flexible display which is at least partially exposed to the outside through the housing and is slidable through the housing; and at least one processor disposed within the housing, wherein the at least one processor is configured to display, by the electronic device, a first shortcut icon for executing a first application on the flexible display in a state in which a first portion of the flexible display is exposed to the outside, detect a first sliding input for exposing a second portion including the first portion of the flexible display to the outside, and on the basis of the first sliding input, display the first shortcut icon on the second portion as a first extended shortcut icon, if a size of the second portion is greater than or equal to a first threshold size, wherein the first extended shortcut icon may include at least one menu for executing at least one designated function of the first application. Various other embodiments are possible. Meanwhile, information and/or functions may be provided through an extended shortcut icon of the electronic device using an artificial intelligence model.