An extrusion molding apparatus (100), comprising: an extruder (10); a feeding device (20) comprising a bearing mechanism (30) configured to bear a core shaft; a pushing mechanism (40) configured to push the core shaft located on the bearing mechanism into the extruder from an initial position; a discharging device (60) comprising a receiving frame (62) configured to receive and move the core shaft which is outputted from the extruder and is wrapped with an adhesive layer; a first position sensor (86) provided on the receiving frame; and a controller (90) configured to control the pushing mechanism to stop pushing the core shaft and return to the initial position when the core shaft wrapped with the adhesive layer passes through the first position sensor. The extrusion molding apparatus can achieve fully automatic feeding, extrusion, and discharging without manual intervention by an operator, has a relatively high degree of automation, and improves the production efficiency.