The present invention relates to an electronic device and method for predicting and compensating for a residual image on a display, the electronic device comprising: a display comprising a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of second pixels; a memory; and a processor. The processor: generates an image to be displayed through the display; groups the image into a first image corresponding to the first pixels, and a second image corresponding to the second pixels; generates a first burn-in map by analyzing the first image; generates a second burn-in map by analyzing the second image; stores the first burn-in map in a first memory region of the memory; stores the second burn-in map in a second memory region of the memory; and may display, through the display, the image having a burn-in or a residual image compensated for using the first burn-in map and the second burn-in map.