A composition for caring for keratin materials comprises in an aqueous phase: (i) at least one cosmetic active compound selected from C-glycosides of formula (I) : in which: - R represents a saturated C 1 to C 10, alkyl radical which can optionally be substituted by at least one radical chosen from OH, COOH or COOR" 2, with R" 2 being a saturated C1-C4 alkyl radical, - S represents a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide comprising up to 20 sugar units, in pyranose and/or furanose form and of the L and/or D series, it being possible for the said monosaccharide or polysaccharide to be substituted by a hydroxyl group which is necessarily free and optionally one or more optionally protected amine functional group (s), and - X represents a radical chosen from the -CO-, -CH (OH) -, -CH (NH 2) -, -CH (NHCH 2CH 2CH 2OH) -, -CH (NHPh) - and -CH (CH 3) - groups, the S-CH 2-X bond represents a bond of C-anomeric nature, which can be α or β, and also their physiologically acceptable salts, their solvates, and their optical and geometrical isomers; (ii) at least one surfactant selected from fatty acid esters of polyglycerol; and (iii) at least one surfactant selected from oxyalkylenated fatty acid esters of glycerol. A non-therapeutic method for caring for keratin materials comprises applying said composition to the keratin materials.