摘要:
An electrophotographic member (1) including an electro-conductive substrate (2), an elastic layer (3), and a surface layer (4), the surface layer containing a fine particle and a binder resin, and having a thickness of less than 1.0 µm, the fine particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.1 µm to 0.9 µm, the fine particles having a volume occupancy of 60 vol% to 99 vol% with respect to 100 vol% of the binder resin in the surface layer, the elastic modulus E1 of the fine particle being 1,000 MPa or more, and the elastic modulus E2 of the binder resin being 2 MPa to 200 MPa, and MD-1 hardness H1 of the surface layer being 50° to 100°, and a difference (H1-H2) between the H1 and MD-1 hardness H2 of the elastic layer being 5° or more.
摘要:
The developing member includes a substrate having an electroconductive outer surface; an insulating layer on the outer surface of the substrate; and electrically insulating domains on an outer surface of insulating layer, and has an outer surface including a surface of the insulating resin layer and surfaces of the domains, wherein a potential decay time constant of each of the surfaces of the domains is ≥ 60.0 seconds, and a potential decay time constant of the surface of the electrically insulating layer is
摘要:
A developing device including: a developer; and a developing member configured to carry the developer on a surface thereof, the developing roller including an electro-conductive substrate and a single-layer elastic layer serving as a surface layer on the substrate, the surface layer comprising a binder resin, and the binder resin contains a crosslinked urethane resin and a crosslinked acrylic resin, the crosslinked urethane resin and the crosslinked acrylic resin form an interpenetrating polymer network structure in a first region from an outer surface of the surface layer to a position at a depth of 0.1 µm from the outer surface, wherein the developer contains developer particles each containing at least a binder resin and a magnetic substance.
摘要:
Provided is a developer carrying member that enables stable formation of images of high quality even on recording paper having a high talc content. The developer carrying member includes a conductive base member and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer includes a urethane resin, and the urethane resin has a carbonate bond and a tertiary amine structure.
摘要:
A high quality developing member that is excellent in deformation recovery property under a high temperature and that also satisfies filming resistance under a low temperature is provided. The developing member of the present invention includes a mandrel, an elastic layer formed on the outer periphery surface of the mandrel, and a surface layer covering the outer periphery surface of the elastic layer, wherein the surface layer contains a first resin and a second resin, the first resin has a particular structure between adjacent two urethane linkages, and the second resin is a resin having a particular structure and having a glass transition point Tg of 20°C or higher and 120°C or lower.
摘要:
Provided is a developing member capable of suppressing a variation in resistance even when exposed to a high-temperature, high-humidity environment for a long time period. The developing member comprises: a mandrel; an electro-conductive elastic layer provided on a periphery of the mandrel; and a surface layer provided on a surface of the elastic layer, wherein: the elastic layer contains a dimethyl silicone rubber and carbon black; and an amount α of a hydrogen atom bound to a silicon atom of the dimethyl silicone rubber, and an amount β of a hydrogen atom of methyl groups bound to a silicon atom of the dimethyl silicone rubber, satisfy a relationship of 2.5×10 -5 ≤α/β≤1.0×10 -4
摘要:
Provided is a developer carrier which is capable of stably forming high-quality images even in cases where a recording paper containing much talc is used. This developer carrier comprises a conductive substrate and a surface layer that is arranged on the substrate and contains a resin. The surface layer has a thickness of from 1.0 µm to 100.0 µm (inclusive); the Martens hardness at an indentation depth of 0.1 µm as determined by pressing a Vickers indenter into the surface layer from the outer surface in the thickness direction is from 50.0 N/mm2 to 100.0 N/mm2 (inclusive); the Asker C hardness as determined from the outer surface of the surface layer is from 75° to 90° (inclusive); and the value of the work function of the outer surface of the surface layer is from 5.6 eV to 6.0 eV (inclusive).