Abstract:
A fluid treatment apparatus is described. The fluid treatment apparatus includes: (i) a pulverizer designed to pulverize solids present in a fluid flow to produce pulverized solids admixed with the fluid flow; (ii) a rotatable shaft for rotating the pulverized solids and the fluid flow; (iii) a restrictor or filter for retaining a first portion of the pulverized solids, and allowing a second portion of pulverized solids and a second portion of the fluid flow to pass therethrough; and (iv) a first recirculating line configured to receive the first portion of the pulverized solids and a first portion of the fluid flow that did not pass through the restrictor or the filter.
Abstract:
The International Convention on Control and management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments stipulates conditions related to ballast water treatment systems which are high efficiency of the method at removing the targeted organisms, minimum damage to the environment, crew safety, economical and simple application. The invention relates to the ballast water treatment system based on whirling motion, hydrodynamic cavitation and vacuum effect. The system is embodied in the variants (I, II and III): Variant I - system with unit (U) for whirling, hydrodynamic cavitation and vacuum effect comprising cylindrical chamber (9), two vortex tubes (2) with a cylindrical nozzle (3) at the ends of each vortex tube; Variant II - system with unit (V) for whirling, hydrodynamic cavitation and vacuum effect comprising cylindrical chamber (9), two conical funnels (10), two vortex routers (14), two vortex tubes (2) and nozzle (11 ) with cavitation jet router (12) at the ends of each vortex tube; and Variant III - system with unit (Z) for whirling, hydrodynamic cavitation and vacuum effect comprising cylindrical chamber (9), two conical funnels (10), two vortex routers (14) and two vortex tubes (2) and nozzle (18) with several cavitation jet routers (12) in each vortex tube. In the units (U, V and Z) between vortex tubes and nozzles occur hydrodynamic cavitation and vacuum effect that destroy harmful marine organisms and disinfect sea water. The system working process does not include use of biocides or any other chemicals.
Abstract:
Described herein are processes for increasing biogas yield and reducing volatile solids in biosolids sludge. The biosolids sludge is passed through a controlled flow, hydrodynamic cavitation apparatus and further subjected to anaerobic digestion. The biosolids sludge can be treated with hydrodynamic cavitation prior to or after the sludge is exposed to a thermal hydrolysis step to hydrolyze the sludge.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for separating drilling or completion fluids is described. The apparatus may include a fluid container that is operable to at least temporarily contain a drilling or completion fluid. The fluid container may have an inlet port and at least one outlet port. The apparatus may further include an excitation element. The excitation element may be operable to impart a pre-determined vibratory force on the drilling or completion fluid within the fluid container.
Abstract:
A new method for generating micro-nano bubbles that uses water hammering, a bubble generating nozzle, and an apparatus for generating micro-nano bubbles are provided to construct a system. The system is for generating micro-nano bubbles in a large amount using only pure water, which does not include any nucleating agents, and for performing not only a clean washing and sterilization but also generation of uncontaminated micro-nano bubbles. The method defined in the present invention uses water hammering power produced by a mutual collision of jets of dissolved-gas-including solution squirted from two or more spouts. The bubble generating nozzle by the present invention has a configuration, comprising: a hollow cylinder having two or more small through-holes arrayed in the circumferential direction thereof and a micro-nano bubble discharge port provided on the both ends of the hollow cylinder, wherein the small through-holes are arranged so that all of their extension lines passing through respective center of the cross-section of each of the small through-holes intersect each other in the inside of the hollow of the cylinder. The apparatus for generating bubble by the present invention has such bubble generating nozzle and has a configuration that enables generation of micro-nano bubbles in a large amount.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to membrane bioreactor ("MBR") system that includes a mechanical membrane reciprocation system to reduce or eliminate membrane fouling. The disclosed MBR system can be operated with higher flux and lower fouling than MBR systems using air scouring. Furthermore the system can remove nitrogen and phosphorous with one RAS and one or no internal recirculation line. The membrane can be reciprocated by a low RPM motor connected to a pulley via belt to rotate rotor to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of membrane. Various mechanical means can also be employed to create the reciprocating motion.