Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of recovering energy and water from pressure oxidation flash steam comprising a step wherein a first flash steam directly obtained from a flash vessel is contacted with a first recirculating condensate having a first low condensate temperature to con-dense at least part of the water vapour comprised in the said first dirty flash steam on the first recirculating condensate and simultaneously to heat the said first recirculating condensate to obtain a first recirculating condensate having a first high condensate temperature and a first vent steam. The invention further relates to a pressure oxidation arrangement adapted for recovering energy from pressure oxidation flash steam and to a use of high temperature condensate and to a use of a direct contact condenser for recovery of energy and water from a pressure oxidation flash steam.
Abstract:
An electrochemical reactor for electrochemically treating water, including a shell structure defining an inner space. The shell structure further includes an inlet portion having an inlet for conducting a water flow to the inner space, and a reactor chamber in flow connection with the inlet portion, and preferably with an outlet portion. The inlet is arranged such that the water flow to the inner space is directed away from the reactor chamber so as to cause the water flow to mix by forcing the water flow to change direction before entering the reactor chamber. A water treatment apparatus having such a reactor, and the use of such a reactor are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Vorgeschlagen wird ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Biogas und zur Wasseraufbereitung, wobei die folgenden Verfahrensstufen durchlaufen werden: eine erste Stufe, bei der an der aufzubereitenden Flüssigkeit eine Elektrolyse (2) mit elektrochemischer Oxidation wasserlöslicher, abzusondernder Bestanteile und zur Erzeugung von Flotationsgasen durchgeführt wird, eine sich an die erste Stufe anschließende zweite Stufe, bei der eine Filterung (6, 7, 8, SF, BF) zur Absonderung ausgeflockter und/oder unlöslicher Bestandteile, insbesondere edelmetallhaltiger Bestandteile durchgeführt wird, eine sich an die zweite Stufe anschließende dritte Stufe, bei der eine Bestrahlung mit ultraviolettem Licht (30) zur Desinfektion mit einer Partikelfilterung durchgeführt wird.
Abstract:
An object of the present invention is to provide a neutralization method capable of reducing the usage amount of expensive high alkaline neutralizer, and applying an efficient neutralization treatment, when applying a neutralization treatment to a barren solution to be produced in a treatment step, in which a sulfide composed of nickel and cobalt is produced from a sulfuric acid aqueous solution containing nickel and cobalt, and impurity metals containing any of iron, magnesium, and manganese at least one or more. The present invention includes a first neutralization treatment step S 11 of applying a neutralization treatment to the barren solution, with a range of pH 5.0 to 6.0 as the end point, by using calcium carbonate slurry, as a first neutralizer; and a second neutralization treatment step S 12 of applying a neutralization treatment to a solution produced in the first neutralization treatment step S 11, by using a second neutralizer, to produce a sediment containing a metal remained in the barren solution and a post-neutralization solution from which a metal ion is removed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the field of ion exchange with the formation of a complex or chelate by using complex-forming polymers and can be used in nonferrous metallurgy and hydrometallurgy of indium for extraction of indium from wastewaters, as well as in the chemical industry and for producing special-purity substances. A method for producing a complex-forming sorbent for selective extraction of indium is proposed, wherein the method comprises the introduction of gem-diphosphonic functional groups, and wherein, in order to increase the selectivity and sorption capacity for indium, the gem-diphosphonic functional groups are introduced by the treatment of a spherically granulated cross-linked macroporous acrylonitrile-divinylbenzene copolymer with phosphorous acid at temperature of from 140 to 160°C for from 13 to 35 hours. In the presence of a diluent (chlorobenzene), the method is carried out at a temperature of between 100 and 130°C. The technical result is to introduce gem-diphosphonic functional groups by the treatment of spherically granulated cross-linked macroporous acrylonitrile-divinylbenzene copolymer with phosphorous acid, which simplifies the method for production and increases capacity and selectivity of the synthesized sorbent for indium, thus improving a complex of the application properties of the material.
Abstract:
A method and formulations for treatment of wastewater by combination of a flocculant and surfactant are described herein. The co-addition of the flocculant with an anionic, cationic or non-ionic surfactant produces improved separation of contaminants from wastewater to yield pure or highly pure water. An optimal ratio between the flocculant and the surfactant applied allows for reduction of the amount of flocculant required to treat the wastewater.