Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel oil composition for a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine that is the fuel oil composition in which an oxygen-containing compound is blended, and that enables a smoke discharge amount to be sufficiently reduced even at various fuel injection times.SOLUTION: The fuel oil composition for a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine contains an oxygen-containing compound, and has a cetane number of the fuel in the range of 35-45, an initial boiling point of 20°C or more and 130°C or less, a 50 vol.% distilling point of 60°C or more and 180°C or less, an end point of 200°C or more and 300°C or less, a kinematic viscosity at 30°C of 0.6 mm/s or more and 0.82 mm/s or less and a surface tension at 25°C of 20.0 mN/m or more and 23.5 mN/m or less, the oxygen-containing compound is an alcohol or a monoether, and a content of the oxygen-containing compound is 2-15 vol.%.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel oil composition having excellent low temperature fluidity without decreasing a cetane index.SOLUTION: Provided is a fuel oil composition having a residual carbon content of 0.2 to 1.0 mass% in 10% residual oil. The composition comprises, based on the fuel oil composition: 75 to 99 vol.% of a fuel oil base oil containing 10 to 70 vol.% of a desulfurized gas oil having a sulfur content of 10 mass ppm or less; 0.1 to 1.0 vol.% of a residual carbon adjusting material comprising at least one hydrocarbon oil selected from the group consisting of an ordinary pressure residual oil, a vacuum residual oil, a desulfurized residual oil, a slurry oil, and an extract; 0.8 to 25 vol.% of an unsaturated hydrocarbon having side chains and having 15 to 40 carbon atoms; and 1.0 to 1000 volume ppm of a flow improver.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing hydrogen enabling the production, in a high productivity, of hydrogen from a raw ingredient consisting of a hydrocarbon-containing gas having a high hydrogen content and a relatively low pressure such as an off gas from an oil refinery, etc.SOLUTION: The provided method for manufacturing hydrogen includes: a hydrogenating step of hydrogenating a gas including hydrocarbons and hydrogen together with a hydrocarbon oil including at least one type selected from the group consisting of unsaturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a hydrogenating catalyst at a liquid spatial velocity of 0.5-5 hand at 0.1-0.6 Mpa within a range of 100 to 250°C; a separating step of separating the hydrogenated product obtained at the hydrogenating step into a hydrocarbon gas including no more than 10 vol.% of hydrogen and a hydrocarbon oil; and a hydrogen production step of manufacturing hydrogen by using, as a raw ingredient, the hydrocarbon gas separated at the separating step based on a steam reforming reaction.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reaction apparatus for synthesizing a hydrocarbon that can favorably agitate slurry and secure a large space for achieving Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction without enlarging a reactor vessel.SOLUTION: A hydrocarbon is synthesized by bringing a syngas having carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas as the main components into contact with slurry having a solid catalyst suspended in a liquid hydrocarbon in a reactor vessel using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction. A cylindrical inner tube 82 is installed in the reactor vessel so as to be immersed in the slurry. A sparger 83 for blowing the syngas is arranged under the inner tube. The top end of the inner tube is positioned lower than the liquid level of the slurry. A space K is formed between an extended part of the top end of the inner tube and the inside of the reactor vessel, and the slurry containing gas bubbles gets in the space K to form a space F for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel catalyst that is used for a gas phase catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation reaction that produces an alkadiene from an alkane, and has high catalytic performance such as the yield and selectivity of alkadienes.SOLUTION: A metal oxide catalyst is a catalyst for a gas phase catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation reaction that produces an alkadiene from an alkane, and includes: vanadium; magnesium; and at least one of lanthanum and cerium.