公开(公告)号：US5511188A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-23

申请号：US176730

申请日：1993-12-30

申请人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

发明人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： G06F9/54 ,  G06F9/465 ,  G06F11/22 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： A networked system having a wide variety of applications and particularly applicable to facilities management systems has multiple levels of software in processing nodes. The levels include a "features" processing level which communicates requests for data to a software object level containing databases of processes and attributes and database managers. The database managers in the software object level operate to provide data to the high level features in the same format. The software object level communicates with a hardware object level which also contains databases and database managers to mask differences between operational hardware units. By categorizing operational units by type, additional units of a known type can be added with only low level hardware object database changes. Adding units of a new type is facilitated by software changes confined to the lower level hardware and software objects, avoiding software changes at high level features. Individual software objects are tailored for typical types of inputs and output devices encountered by facilities management systems. Universal drive circuitry also provides applicability to a broad range of devices. In each node a time stamp indicates the most recent update of the node's data base. Periodically each node transmits its time stamp. When a node receives a time stamp later than its own, the receiving node requests the transmitting node to transmit its data base to update the receiving node with the earlier time stamp.

摘要翻译： 具有各种应用并且特别适用于设施管理系统的网络系统在处理节点中具有多个级别的软件。 这些级别包括“特征”处理级别，其将数据请求传送到包含进程和属性数据库的数据库管理器的软件对象级别。 软件对象级别中的数据库管理器可以以相同格式向高级别功能提供数据。 软件对象级别与包含数据库和数据库管理器的硬件对象级别进行通信，以掩盖操作硬件单元之间的差异。 通过按类型对运营单位进行分类，可以添加只有低级硬件对象数据库更改的已知类型的其他单位。 通过限于较低级别的硬件和软件对象的软件更改来促进新类型的添加，避免了高级别功能中的软件更改。 单独的软件对象针对设施管理系统遇到的典型输入和输出设备类型。 通用驱动电路还为广泛的设备提供适用性。 在每个节点中，时间戳表示节点数据库的最新更新。 每个节点定期发送其时间戳。 当节点接收到比其本身晚的时间戳时，接收节点请求发送节点发送其数据库，以更新具有较早时间戳的接收节点。

公开(公告)号：US6115713A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-05

申请号：US706194

申请日：1996-08-30

申请人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

发明人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： G06F9/54 ,  G06F9/465 ,  G06F11/22 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： A networked system having a wide variety of applications and particularly applicable to facilities management systems has multiple levels of software in processing nodes. The levels include a "features" processing level which communicates requests for data to a software object level containing databases of processes and attributes and database managers. The database managers in the software object level operate to provide data to the high level features in the same format. The software object level communicates with a hardware object level which also contains databases and database managers to mask differences between operational hardware units. By categorizing operational units by type, additional units of a known type can be added with only low level hardware object database changes. Adding units of a new type is facilitated by software changes confined to the lower level hardware and software objects, avoiding software changes at high level features. Individual software objects are tailored for typical types of inputs and output devices encountered by facilities management systems. Universal drive circuitry also provides applicability to a broad range of devices.

摘要翻译： 具有各种应用并且特别适用于设施管理系统的网络系统在处理节点中具有多个级别的软件。 这些级别包括“特征”处理级别，其将数据请求传送到包含进程和属性数据库的数据库管理器的软件对象级别。 软件对象级别中的数据库管理器可以以相同格式向高级别功能提供数据。 软件对象级别与包含数据库和数据库管理器的硬件对象级别进行通信，以掩盖操作硬件单元之间的差异。 通过按类型对运营单位进行分类，可以添加只有低级硬件对象数据库更改的已知类型的其他单位。 通过限于较低级别的硬件和软件对象的软件更改来促进新类型的添加，避免了高级别功能中的软件更改。 单独的软件对象针对设施管理系统遇到的典型输入和输出设备类型。 通用驱动电路还为广泛的设备提供适用性。

公开(公告)号：US5550980A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-27

申请号：US178970

申请日：1994-01-07

申请人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

发明人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28 ,  G06F3/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/54 ,  G06F9/465 ,  G06F11/22 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： A networked system having a wide variety of applications and particularly applicable to facilities management systems has multiple levels of software in processing nodes. The levels include a "features" processing level which communicates requests for data to a software object level containing databases of processes and attributes and database managers. The database managers in the software object level operate to provide data to the high level features in the same format. The software object level communicates with a hardware object level which also contains databases and database managers to mask differences between operational hardware units. By categorizing operational units by type, additional units of a known type can be added with only low level hardware object database changes. Adding units of a new type is facilitated by software changes confined to the lower level hardware and software objects, avoiding software changes at high level features. Individual software objects are tailored for typical types of inputs and output devices encountered by facilities management systems. Universal drive circuitry also provides applicability to a broad range of devices. An optical isolator is connected between signal line outputs from a node and a line driver connected to a pair of lines on a bus. Similarly, an optical isolator is connected between signal line receiving inputs and a line receiver. The signal lines can be biased to predetermined levels to reduce node sensitivity to noise.

摘要翻译： 具有各种应用并且特别适用于设施管理系统的网络系统在处理节点中具有多个级别的软件。 这些级别包括“特征”处理级别，其将数据请求传送到包含进程和属性数据库的数据库管理器的软件对象级别。 软件对象级别中的数据库管理器可以以相同格式向高级别功能提供数据。 软件对象级别与包含数据库和数据库管理器的硬件对象级别进行通信，以掩盖操作硬件单元之间的差异。 通过按类型对运营单位进行分类，可以添加只有低级硬件对象数据库更改的已知类型的其他单位。 通过限于较低级别的硬件和软件对象的软件更改来促进新类型的添加，避免了高级别功能中的软件更改。 单独的软件对象针对设施管理系统遇到的典型输入和输出设备类型。 通用驱动电路还为广泛的设备提供适用性。 光隔离器连接在来自节点的信号线输出和连接到总线上的一对线路的线驱动器之间。 类似地，光隔离器连接在信号线接收输入端和线路接收器之间。 信号线可以被偏置到预定的水平以降低节点对噪声的敏感度。

公开(公告)号：US5522044A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-28

申请号：US185181

申请日：1994-01-21

申请人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

发明人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： G06F9/54 ,  G06F9/465 ,  G06F11/22 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： A networked system having a wide variety of applications and particularly applicable to facilities management systems has multiple levels of software in processing nodes. The levels include a "features" processing level which communicates requests for data to a software object level containing databases of processes and attributes and database managers. The database managers in the software object level operate to provide data to the high level features in the same format. The software object level communicates with a hardware object level which also contains databases and database managers to mask differences between operational hardware units. By categorizing operational units by type, additional units of a known type can be added with only low level hardware object database changes. Adding units of a new type is facilitated by software changes confined to the lower level hardware and software objects, avoiding software changes at high level features. Individual software objects are tailored for typical types of inputs and output devices encountered by facilities management systems. Universal drive circuitry also provides applicability to a broad range of devices. Nodes are provided with ports which may accommodate a non-configured device. When a non-configured device is identified on a port, a drop identifier specifying the port is transmitted to the non-configured device for use in establishing a network address by which the non-configured device can be accessed.

摘要翻译： 具有各种应用并且特别适用于设施管理系统的网络系统在处理节点中具有多个级别的软件。 这些级别包括“特征”处理级别，其将数据请求传送到包含进程和属性数据库的数据库管理器的软件对象级别。 软件对象级别中的数据库管理器可以以相同格式向高级别功能提供数据。 软件对象级别与包含数据库和数据库管理器的硬件对象级别进行通信，以掩盖操作硬件单元之间的差异。 通过按类型对运营单位进行分类，可以添加只有低级硬件对象数据库更改的已知类型的其他单位。 通过限于较低级别的硬件和软件对象的软件更改来促进新类型的添加，避免了高级别功能中的软件更改。 单独的软件对象针对设施管理系统遇到的典型输入和输出设备类型。 通用驱动电路还为广泛的设备提供适用性。 节点设置有可容纳未配置设备的端口。 当在端口上识别未配置的设备时，将指定端口的丢弃标识符发送到未配置的设备，以用于建立可以访问未配置设备的网络地址。

公开(公告)号：US5598566A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-28

申请号：US179494

申请日：1994-01-07

申请人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

发明人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28 ,  G06F15/177

CPC分类号： G06F9/54 ,  G06F9/465 ,  G06F11/22 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： A networked system having a wide variety of applications and particularly applicable to facilities management systems has multiple levels of software in processing nodes. The levels include a "features" processing level which communicates requests for data to a software object level containing databases of processes and attributes and database managers. The database managers in the software object level operate to provide data to the high level features in the same format. The software object level communicates with a hardware object level which also contains databases and database managers to mask differences between operational hardware units. By categorizing operational units by type, additional units of a known type can be added with only low level hardware object database changes. Adding units of a new type is facilitated by software changes confined to the lower level hardware and software objects, avoiding software changes at high level features. Individual software objects are tailored for typical types of inputs and output devices encountered by facilities management systems. Universal drive circuitry also provides applicability to a broad range of devices. Nodes store restoration characteristics of loads controlled by the nodes. After being shed to limit energy consumption, software local to the node restores the loads under predefined circumstances independently of the load shed commands to achieve distributed load management.

摘要翻译： 具有各种应用并且特别适用于设施管理系统的网络系统在处理节点中具有多个级别的软件。 这些级别包括“特征”处理级别，其将数据请求传送到包含进程和属性数据库的数据库管理器的软件对象级别。 软件对象级别中的数据库管理器可以以相同格式向高级别功能提供数据。 软件对象级别与包含数据库和数据库管理器的硬件对象级别进行通信，以掩盖操作硬件单元之间的差异。 通过按类型对运营单位进行分类，可以添加只有低级硬件对象数据库更改的已知类型的其他单位。 通过限于较低级别的硬件和软件对象的软件更改来促进新类型的添加，避免了高级别功能中的软件更改。 单独的软件对象针对设施管理系统遇到的典型输入和输出设备类型。 通用驱动电路还为广泛的设备提供适用性。 节点存储由节点控制的负载的恢复特性。 在流出限制能源消耗后，节点本身的软件可以在预定义的情况下独立于负载流程命令恢复负载，以实现分布式负载管理。

公开(公告)号：US5463735A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-31

申请号：US191284

申请日：1994-02-03

申请人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

发明人： Gregory A. Pascucci ,  David E. Rasmussen ,  Gaylon M. Decious ,  James R. Garbe ,  Susan M. Hyzer ,  Karen L. Woest ,  Vairavan Vairavan ,  David L. Koch ,  Donald A. Gottschalk, Jr. ,  Dennis E. Burkhardt ,  Darrell E. Standish ,  Paul W. Madaus ,  Dan J. Spacek ,  Clay G. Nesler ,  James K. Stark ,  Otto M. Mageland ,  Robert R. Singers ,  Michael E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/22 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F15/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28 ,  G06F13/12 ,  G06F13/14

CPC分类号： G06F9/54 ,  G06F9/465 ,  G06F11/22 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： A network system having a wide variety of applications and particularly applicable to facilities management systems includes network controllers which continuously process data related to building and industrial, environmental, security and other automated system controls. Each network controller has a network address indicative of a communication link to which the network controller is connected, a local address and a node drop ID to determine whether the network controller is a configured or non-configured device. Data stored in an archive device is downloaded to a destination network controller in the absence of a routing table in the destination network controller by transmitting a download request message from the archive device to an intermediate network controller with a routing table. The intermediate network controller assumes control of the download request by transmitting the message to the destination controller. The destination controller acknowledges receipt of the message by transmitting an acknowledge message back to the intermediate network controller, which passes the acknowledge message to the archive device in accordance with the routing information stored in the intermediate network controller. Thus, as certain network controllers are connected, disconnected or disabled during the operation of the network, the control of a process is not interrupted. Additionally, the network controllers are not configured to store large amounts of routing data because a path to a device can be established through other controllers with routing information.

摘要翻译： 具有各种应用并且特别适用于设施管理系统的网络系统包括连续地处理与建筑和工业，环境，安全和其他自动化系统控制相关的数据的网络控制器。 每个网络控制器具有指示网络控制器连接到的通信链路的网络地址，本地地址和节点丢弃ID，以确定网络控制器是配置的还是未配置的设备。 存储在归档设备中的数据在目的地网络控制器中没有路由表的情况下被下载到目的地网络控制器，通过使用路由表从归档设备发送下载请求消息到中间网络控制器。 中间网络控制器通过将消息发送到目的地控制器来承担对下载请求的控制。 目的地控制器通过向中间网络控制器发送确认消息来确认消息的接收，中间网络控制器根据存储在中间网络控制器中的路由信息​​将确认消息传递给归档设备。 因此，由于某些网络控制器在网络运行期间被连接，断开或禁用，所以过程的控制不会中断。 另外，网络控制器不配置为存储大量的路由数据，因为可以通过具有路由信息的其他控制器建立到设备的路径。

公开(公告)号：US5973662A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-26

申请号：US838482

申请日：1997-04-07

申请人： Robert R. Singers ,  Michael Piotrowski ,  Jeffrey J. Gloudeman

发明人： Robert R. Singers ,  Michael Piotrowski ,  Jeffrey J. Gloudeman

IPC分类号： F24F11/02 ,  G01R23/16 ,  G06Q50/00 ,  G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G01R23/16

摘要： A computer implemented environmental process control apparatus for displaying the condition of selected attributes of a plurality of environmental control components or zones within a facility. One embodiment of the apparatus is configured to create a river of time display including a rivulet having an historical and future data segment corresponding to each of the plurality of components or zones. In order to create the river of time, the apparatus includes a memory having a plurality of first instances of a data structure and a plurality of second instances of a data structure for storing historical and future data, respectively, means for establishing a look back value, means for establishing a look forward value, an historical data processing module, a future data processing module, a graphic engine, and a data access logic device. The historical and future data processing modules receive and commnunicate historical and future data, respectively, to the first and second instances of the data structure. The data entries are then selectively retrieved by the data access logic device and communicated to the graphic engine such that the graphic engine creates the river of time display over a time interval that the data access logic device calculates based upon the look back and look forward values.

摘要翻译： 一种计算机实现的环境过程控制装置，用于显示设施内的多个环境控制部件或区域的选定属性的状况。 该装置的一个实施例被配置为创建时间显示河，包括具有对应于多个部件或区域中的每一个的历史和未来数据段的河流。 为了创造时间之河，该装置包括具有数据结构的多个第一实例和用于分别存储历史和未来数据的数据结构的多个第二实例的存储器，用于建立回溯值 ，用于建立期望值的装置，历史数据处理模块，未来数据处理模块，图形引擎和数据访问逻辑设备。 历史和未来的数据处理模块分别将历史和未来的数据分别接收并统一到数据结构的第一和第二个实例。 数据条目然后被数据访问逻辑设备选择性地检索并传送到图形引擎，使得图形引擎在数据访问逻辑设备基于回顾和前瞻值计算的时间间隔上创建时间显示河 。

公开(公告)号：US06341900B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-29

申请号：US08382508

申请日：1995-02-02

申请人： Robert R. Singers ,  Linda S. Endres

发明人： Robert R. Singers ,  Linda S. Endres

IPC分类号： G06T1100

CPC分类号： G01D7/06 ,  G06T11/206

摘要： A control system includes a plurality of sensors configured to produce a plurality of sensor signals in response to a sensed condition; a plurality of controllers configured to produce a plurality of control signals in response to one or more sensor signals; a plurality of operational units, each respective operational unit receiving one or more control signals, each respective operational unit configured to produce a control effect in response to the one or more control signals; and a display device which produces a starfield display in response to the plurality of sensor signals and the plurality of control signals. The starfield display conveys operational information about the control system to an operator.

摘要翻译： 控制系统包括多个传感器，其被配置成响应于检测到的状况产生多个传感器信号; 多个控制器，被配置为响应于一个或多个传感器信号产生多个控制信号; 多个操作单元，每个相应的操作单元接收一个或多个控制信号，每个相应的操作单元被配置为响应于一个或多个控制信号产生控制效果; 以及显示装置，其响应于所述多个传感器信号和所述多个控制信号而产生星形显示。 星空显示将操作信息传达给操作人员。

公开(公告)号：US5960381A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US111491

申请日：1998-07-07

申请人： Robert R. Singers ,  Linda S. Endres

发明人： Robert R. Singers ,  Linda S. Endres

IPC分类号： G05B23/02 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G01F15/00

CPC分类号： G05B23/0272

摘要： The operational state of a complex control system, with a number of operating units controlled by a plurality of sensing and input devices, can be dynamically displayed as a starfield. In the starfield, each operating unit is depicted by a separate cluster of stars representing the states of the sensing devices for that operating unit. The position and other display attributes of the stars denote the functional state of the associated device. An archive of starfields is maintained in a storage device with each such starfield depicting the state of the control system for a particular operating condition, such as a specific system error. When an unusual starfield occurs, it can be compared to the archived starfields to determine whether a problem exists and if so determine a solution.

摘要翻译： 具有由多个感测和输入设备控制的多个操作单元的复杂控制系统的操作状态可被动态显示为星型。 在星型场景中，每个操作单元由独立的恒星簇表示，表示该操作单元的感测装置的状态。 恒星的位置和其他显示属性表示相关设备的功能状态。 在存储设备中维护星空的归档，其中每个这样的星型描绘了用于特定操作条件（例如特定系统错误）的控制系统的状态。 当出现异常的Starfield时，可以将其与存档的Starfield进行比较，以确定是否存在问题，如果是这样确定解决方案。