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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4624807A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-25
申请号：US517371
申请日：1983-07-26
摘要： A two-step process for producing microspherical pitch or green coke particles having an average diameter of 30-200 .mu.m from finely divided petroleum or coal pitch having a softening point of 60.degree.-220.degree. C. and a fixed carbon content of 40-75 wt %. In the first step the material pitch is fluidized in the stream of a gas substantially inert to the pitch at a temperature of 100.degree.-800.degree. C., the mixed stream is rapidly cooled to 30.degree.-400.degree. C., and microspherical pitch particles are recovered with or without separate recovery of an oily product. In the second step the pitch spheres are further subjected to thermal cracking and polycondensation by use of a fluidized bed at a temperature of 350.degree.-520.degree. C. for a retention time of 1 min. to 3 hours, and microspherical green coke particles and a light cracked oil are recovered. In both steps a pressure between the ordinary level and 10 kg/cm.sup.2 is used.
摘要翻译： 从软化点为60〜220℃，固定碳含量为40〜40℃的细分石油或煤沥青生产平均粒径为30-200μm的微球沥青或生焦炭颗粒的两步法， 75重量％。 在第一步中，材料沥青在100-800℃的温度下，在沥青基本上惰性的气体流中流化，将混合物流快速冷却至30-400℃，将微球沥青 回收有或没有单独回收油性产品的颗粒。 在第二步骤中，使用流化床在350-520℃的温度下进一步对沥青球进行热裂化和缩聚，保持时间为1分钟。 至3小时，回收微球状绿焦炭颗粒和轻质裂解油。 在两个步骤中，使用普通水平和10kg / cm2之间的压力。
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公开(公告)号：US4772378A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-20
申请号：US63766
申请日：1987-06-23
CPC分类号： C10G47/30
摘要： Disclosed is a process for the thermal cracking of heavy oils, which comprises a thermal cracking step of contacting a heavy oil with a fine powder of a porous material fluidized by a fluidizing gas to mainly obtain a light oil and a regenerating step of gasifying and removing coke adhering to the fine powder taken out from the thermal cracking step while fluidizing the fine powder by a molecular oxygen-containing gas and a steam-containing gas, the fine powder being circulated between the two steps, wherein fine spherical particles having a pore volume of 0.2 to 1.5 cm.sup.3 /g, a specific surface area of 5 to 1500 m.sup.2 /g, an average pore size of 10 to 10,000 .ANG. and a weight average size of 0.025 to 0.25 mm, in which these properties are stably maintained at the temperature adopted for the thermal cracking, are used as the fine powder, and a hydrogen gas is made present at the thermal cracking step, the partial pressure of hydrogen is maintained at about 0.5 to about 5 Kg/cm.sup.2 and the total pressure at said step is maintained at about 1 to about 10 Kg/cm.sup.2 -G.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种重油热裂化方法，其特征在于，包括将重油与流化气体流化的多孔质材料的细粉接触以主要获得轻油的热裂解步骤和气化除去的再生步骤 焦炭附着在从热裂解步骤取出的细粉末中，同时通过含分子氧的气体和含蒸气的气体使微细粉末流化，细粉末在两个步骤之间循环，其中细孔体积 的比例为0.2〜1.5cm 3 / g，比表面积为5〜1500m 2 / g，平均孔径为10〜10,000，重均粒径为0.025〜0.25mm，其特性稳定地保持在温度 用于热裂解，用作细粉末，并且在热裂解步骤中存在氢气，氢的分压保持在约0.5至约5Kg / cm 2，并且 所述步骤的压力保持在约1至约10Kg / cm 2 -G。
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公开(公告)号：US4490243A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-25
申请号：US504385
申请日：1983-06-15
CPC分类号： C10G9/32
摘要： In a process for thermal cracking of heavy oils in which a heavy petroleum oil is caused to contact a heated fluidized bed of solid particles in the presence of steam thereby to obtain principally light petroelum oils, the solid particles are stable at the temperature of the thermal cracking and are of substantially spherical shape of porous nature of a pore volume of 0.10 to 1.0 cm.sup.3 /g, a specific surface area of 50 to 1,500 m.sup.2 /g, and a weight-mean diameter of 0.025 to 0.25 mm.
摘要翻译： 在重油的热裂解过程中，其中重质石油油在蒸汽存在下与固体颗粒的加热流化床接触，从而主要获得轻质石油油，固体颗粒在热的温度下是稳定的 破裂，孔体积为0.10〜1.0cm 3 / g，比表面积为50〜1500m 2 / g，重量平均直径为0.025〜0.25mm的多孔性质的大致球形。
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公开(公告)号：US4675098A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US622490
申请日：1984-06-20
CPC分类号： C10G9/32
摘要： An improved process for thermal cracking of a heavy oil comprising a step of thermal cracking of the heavy oil in contact with a fluidized bed of heated fine particles and a step of gasification of the coke which has deposited on the fine particles used in the thermal cracking, which gasification is conducted on the fine particles withdrawn from the thermal cracking step by contacting the particles with gas containing molecular oxygen while the particles are fluidized by the gas, the steps being practiced while the fine particles are circulated therebetween is disclosed. The improvement comprises a use of fine particles of a porous material, and conducting the gasification under specified conditions and so as to produce a product gas which is highly reducing. Production of reducing gas at the gasification step whereby the used fine particles are regenerated for further use in the thermal cracking step results in converting by reduction heavy metals which have come from the heavy oil as the feed stock and are accumulated on the fine particles used into a state less harmful for the thermal cracking where the regenerated fine particles are used.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的重油热裂解方法，包括与加热的细颗粒的流化床接触的重油热裂解步骤和沉积在用于热裂解的细颗粒上的焦炭气化步骤 公开了在微粒在其间循环的步骤，在通过气体流化的同时使颗粒与含有分子氧的气体接触而从热裂解步骤取出的微粒进行气化。 该改进包括使用多孔材料的细颗粒，并在特定条件下进行气化，以产生高度还原的产物气体。 在气化步骤中生产还原气体，其中在热裂解步骤中再生再利用的细颗粒导致通过作为原料的来自重油的还原重金属转化并且积聚在所使用的微粒中 对于使用再生微粒子的热裂解有害的状态。
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公开(公告)号：US4115081A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-19
申请号：US739951
申请日：1976-11-08
CPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/1493 , G21F9/02
摘要： Separation of a mixed gas is carried out at ordinary temperatures by employing a silicone oil, or a certain high polymeric substance in liquid form or in solution as the solvent for absorbing the gas. Among others, methylphenyl silicone oil is preferably employed as the solvent in separating radioactive gases.
摘要翻译： 通过使用硅油或某种液体形式的高分子物质或溶液作为吸收气体的溶剂，在常温下进行混合气体的分离。 其中，优选使用甲基苯基硅油作为分离放射性气体的溶剂。
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