Abstract:
A method of recycling dummy wafer is provided. The dummy wafer has at least one low-k dielectric material layer formed thereon. A treatment process is performed to the low-k dielectric material layer on the dummy wafer so that a component or impurity in the low-k dielectric material layer reacts to form a volatile substance. A wet etching process is performed to remove the low-k dielectric material layer.
Abstract:
An exemplary liquid crystal display (LCD) (200) includes a first substrate (211), a second substrate (212) opposite to the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer (213) sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, a plurality of first common electrodes (241) and first pixel electrodes (242) provided. at the first substrate, and a plurality of second common electrodes (251) and second pixel electrodes (252) provided at the second substrate. The first common electrodes and the first pixel electrodes, and the second common electrodes and the second pixel electrodes, respectively produce two electric fields in the liquid crystal layer. A combined strength of the electric fields is uniformly distributed in the liquid crystal layer, so that all the liquid crystal molecules can be sufficiently twisted. Thus a viewing angle, a degree of chroma, and a transmission ratio of the LCD are improved.
Abstract:
This invention provides an articulated wrench, comprising: a box end; a handle; a fastening device passing through the through holes of the box end and handle; and a flexed spring disc. The fastening device has a head and a shank, wherein the head gradually expands outwards from the shank to form a flared angle having a tapering angle less than 45°. The flexed spring disc is provided in the indent of the box end and flexed along a diameter thereof to form a curvature.
Abstract:
A connector for connecting a tool handle with a tool bit includes a shank, a spring, a detent and a switch. The shank includes a first end, a second end, a non-circular insert formed at the second end for insertion in a corresponding hole defined in the tool bit, a terminal hole extending therein obliquely with respect thereto and a peripheral hole communicated with the terminal hole. The spring is inserted in the terminal hole. The detent is movably inserted in the terminal hole and includes a first end biased by means of the spring and a second end extensible from the terminal hole for engagement with the wall of the hole defined in the tool bit. The switch is connected with the detent through the peripheral hole.