公开(公告)号：US4543483A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-24

申请号：US413368

申请日：1982-08-09

Applicant: Volker Genrich

Inventor： Volker Genrich

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

Abstract: A highly sensitive and compactly structured radiation measuring instrument for detecting ionizing radiation, in particular for measuring dose rates and contamination.The laminar structure of the associated counter tube, using only a few, simple plastic parts (1, 8, 9) and a highly elastic counter wire (2), makes it possible to use the simplest manufacturing techniques. The service life of the counter tube construction, which is completely and permanently sealed and filled with gas, is expected to be more than 12 years.The described counter tube can be adapted in optimal fashion to the available space in a pocket instrument if it is used in combination with a specialized high-voltage generator which is low in interference voltage and with a pulse evaluation circuit having a means of compensating for interference voltage.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP81 / 00203 Sec。 371日期1982年8月9日 102（e）日期1982年8月9日PCT提交1981年12月22日PCT公布。 出版物WO82 / 02456 日期1982年7月22日。一种高灵敏度和结构紧凑的辐射测量仪器，用于检测电离辐射，特别是用于测量剂量率和污染物。 只使用少量简单塑料部件（1,8,9）和高弹性的反向导线（2）的相关联的管的层状结构使得可以使用最简单的制造技术。 预制管道结构的使用寿命全部永久密封，充满气体，预计将超过12年。 如果与专门的干扰电压较小的高压发生器结合使用，并且与具有补偿干扰的装置的脉冲评估电路结合使用，所描述的计数管可以以最佳方式适应于口袋仪器中的可用空间 电压。

公开(公告)号：US4431921A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-14

申请号：US230047

申请日：1981-01-29

Applicant: Heinz A. A. W. Filthuth

Inventor： Heinz A. A. W. Filthuth

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: This invention provides a high-resolution, position-sensitive, proportional-counter for ionizing radiation emanating from a surface source of ionizing radiation. There is provided a counting chamber means having an open entrance window on one side of and spaced from the source of ionizing radiation, and an anode counting wire on the other side of the open entrance window. Also, there is provided a counter wall cathode, having a delay line read-out opposite to the entrance window and spaced from the anode. A means, including several orifices for flushing a counting gas through the counting chamber means and out of the open entrance window between the source and the open entrance window, produces a stabilizing counting gas layer that does not mix with the surrounding air. This prevents the sample from being completely surrounding air. This prevents the sample from being completely enclosed so as to be charged up electrostatically. An electronic means is connected to the delay line for providing the read out of the desired high-resolution, position-sensitive, proportional-counter information corresponding to the ionizing radiation emanating from outside the open entrance window.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于从电离辐射的表面源发出的电离辐射的高分辨率，位置敏感的比例计数器。 提供了一个计数室装置，该计数室装置在电离辐射源的一侧具有开口的入口窗口，并且在开口的另一侧具有阳极计数线。 而且，还提供了一种反向壁阴极，其具有与入口窗口相对并且与阳极间隔开的读出延迟线。 一种装置，包括用于通过计数室装置冲洗计数气体并且在源和开口入口窗口之间的敞开的入口窗口中的数个孔，产生不与周围空气混合的稳定计数气体层。 这样可以防止样品完全环绕空气。 这样可以防止样品被完全封闭，从而静电充电。 电子装置连接到延迟线，用于提供与从开放入口窗口外部发出的电离辐射相对应的期望的高分辨率，位置敏感的比例计数器信息的读出。

公开(公告)号：US4289967A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-15

申请号：US152954

申请日：1980-05-23

Applicant: James A. Hanson ,  Manfred K. Kopp

Inventor： James A. Hanson ,  Manfred K. Kopp

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/062

Abstract: A cylindrical, multiple-anode proportional counter is provided for counting of low-energy photons (

Abstract translation: 提供了一个圆柱形多阳极比例计数器，用于以大于105个计数/秒的计数率对低能量光子（<60keV）进行计数。 形成外部阴极的气体填充的比例计数气缸设置有中心同轴设置的内部阴极和多个阳极线，其设置在圆柱形阵列中，与内部和外部阴极同轴对准并且在内部和外部阴极之间形成与该阴极同轴的虚拟圆柱形阳极， 内外阴极。 虚拟圆柱形阳极配置通过在整个对流体积中提供更均匀的场强来改善电子漂移速度，从而在检测到电离事件之后减少电子收集时间。 这样可以避免这些高计数率下的脉冲堆积和重合损失。 可以采用传统的RC位置编码检测电路来从计数器阳极提取空间信息。

公开(公告)号：US4197462A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-08

申请号：US966525

申请日：1978-12-04

Applicant: Manfred K. Kopp

Inventor： Manfred K. Kopp

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01T1/29

CPC classification number: G01T1/2935

Abstract: A position-sensitive proportional counter circuit is provided which allows the use of a conventional (low-resistance, metal-wire anode) proportional counter for spatial resolution of an ionizing event along the anode of the counter. A pair of specially designed active-capacitance preamplifiers are used to terminate the anode ends wherein the anode is treated as an RC line. The preamplifiers act as stabilized active capacitance loads and each is composed of a series-feedback, low-noise amplifier, a unity-gain, shunt-feedback amplifier whose output is connected through a feedback capacitor to the series-feedback amplifier input. The stabilized capacitance loading of the anode allows distributed RC-line position encoding and subsequent time difference decoding by sensing the difference in rise times of pulses at the anode ends where the difference is primarily in response to the distributed capacitance along the anode. This allows the use of lower resistance wire anodes for spatial radiation detection which simplifies the counter construction and handling of the anodes, and stabilizes the anode resistivity at high count rates (>10.sup.6 counts/sec).

Abstract translation: 提供了一种位置敏感的比例计数器电路，其允许使用常规（低电阻金属线阳极）比例计数器来沿着计数器的阳极的电离事件的空间分辨率。 使用一对特别设计的有源电容前置放大器来终止阳极端，其中阳极被视为RC线。 前置放大器用作稳定的有源电容负载，每个由串联反馈的低噪声放大器，单位增益，并联反馈放大器组成，其输出通过反馈电容器连接到串联反馈放大器输入。 阳极的稳定的电容负载允许分布式RC线位置编码和随后的时间差解码，通过感测阳极端的脉冲的上升时间差，其中差异主要是响应于沿着阳极的分布电容。 这允许使用较低电阻线阳极进行空间辐射检测，这简化了阳极的计数器构造和处理，并以高计数率（> 106个计数/秒）稳定阳极电阻率。

公开(公告)号：US4188532A

公开(公告)日：1980-02-12

申请号：US873567

申请日：1978-01-30

Applicant: Harry W. Deckman ,  Gerald M. Halpern

Inventor： Harry W. Deckman ,  Gerald M. Halpern

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  H05H1/22 ,  G01J1/00

CPC classification number: G21B1/19 ,  H01J47/065 ,  Y02E30/16

Abstract: In order to assay the tritium fuel content in laser fusion targets and/or to measure the pressurization of laser fusion targets of the type which use deuterium and tritium (DT) gas mixtures, without destroying the targets, the flux of beta particles which emerges from the target is measured with the aid of a gas flow proportional counter. The count rates are related to the tritium content and the pressurization. The tritium content in terms of the mass of the tritium in the target can be derived from the counting rate.

Abstract translation: 为了测定激光融合靶中的氚燃料含量和/或测量使用氘和氚（DT）气体混合物的类型的激光熔化靶的加压，而不破坏靶，则出现的β粒子的通量 借助气流比例计数器测量目标。 计数率与氚含量和加压有关。 目标中的氚质量的氚含量可以从计数率得出。

公开(公告)号：US4129782A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-12

申请号：US827605

申请日：1977-08-25

Applicant: Werner Kreutz

Inventor： Werner Kreutz

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A curved location- or positionally-sensitive proportional counter tube having a trough-shaped cathode in a counting chamber. A curved resiliently elastic wire forming the anode extends longitudinally through the curved counting chamber in conformance with the curvature of the latter. Suitable fastening arrangements engage the ends of the wire so as to mount the wire in asymmetrical relationship to a counter tube window and equidistantly from the side walls of the cathode trough.

Abstract translation: 在计数室中具有槽状阴极的弯曲位置或位置敏感比例计数管。 形成阳极的弯曲的弹性弹性线沿着弯曲的计数室沿着后者的曲率纵向延伸。 合适的紧固装置接合线的端部，以便以不对称的关系将导线安装到对管窗口并且等距离地从阴极槽的侧壁安装。

公开(公告)号：US4075492A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-21

申请号：US528026

申请日：1974-11-29

Applicant: Douglas P. Boyd ,  Michael Goitein

Inventor： Douglas P. Boyd ,  Michael Goitein

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01T1/29 ,  H01J47/06 ,  G01N21/34

CPC classification number: G01T1/2935 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4078 ,  A61B6/466 ,  H01J47/06 ,  A61B6/4258 ,  A61B6/4291

Abstract: A fan-shaped beam of penetrating radiation, such as X-ray or .gamma.-ray radiation, is directed through a slice of the body to be analyzed to a position sensitive detector for deriving a shadowgraph of transmission or absorption of the penetrating radiation by the body. A number of shadowgraphs are obtained for different angles of rotation of the fan-shaped beam relative to the center of the slice being analyzed. The detected fan beam shadowgraph data is reordered into shadowgraph data corresponding to sets of parallel paths of radiation through the body. The reordered parallel path shadowgraph data is then convoluted in accordance with a 3-D reconstruction method by convolution in a computer to derive a 3-D reconstructed tomograph of the body under analysis. In a preferred embodiment, the position sensitive detector comprises a multiwire detector wherein the wires are arrayed parallel to the direction of the divergent penetrating rays to be detected. A focussed grid collimator is interposed between the body and the position sensitive detector for collimating the penetrating rays to be detected. The source of penetrating radiation is preferably a monochromatic source.

公开(公告)号：US3975639A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-17

申请号：US533474

申请日：1974-12-17

Applicant: Robert Allemand

Inventor： Robert Allemand

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A proportional detector for the localization of particles comprises a leak-tight chamber filled with fluid and fitted with an electrode of a fisrt type consisting of one or more conducting wires and with an electrode of a second type consisting of one or more conducting plates having the shape of a portion of cylindrical surface and a contour which provides a one-to-one correspondence between the position of a point of the wires and the solid angle which subtends the plate at that point, means being provided for collecting the electrical signal which appears on the plates.

Abstract translation: 用于颗粒定位的比例检测器包括填充有流体并且装有由一个或多个导电线构成的电极的电极的不透气室，以及由一个或多个导电板组成的第二类型的电极，该导电板具有 圆柱形表面的一部分的形状和在该点处对着该板的立体角之间提供一对一对应的轮廓的装置，用于收集出现的电信号 在盘子上

公开(公告)号：US3704284A

公开(公告)日：1972-11-28

申请号：US3704284D

申请日：1970-12-04

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INST OF TECHN

Inventor： GARMIRE GORDON

IPC: G01T1/29 ,  H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18 ,  H01J39/28

CPC classification number: G01T1/2935 ,  H01J47/06

Abstract: A set of proportional counters has been arranged into an array which can detect and indicate the position of an X-ray interaction within the array, in the X-Y plane.

公开(公告)号：US3678274A

公开(公告)日：1972-07-18

申请号：US3678274D

申请日：1970-03-20

Applicant: PRESIDENT OF TOKYO UNIV

Inventor： KAWASHIMA NOBUKI

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18 ,  H01J39/26

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A radio-active radiation counter is provided with a counter chamber having a diaphragm-less open window, and two collecting electodes are disposed in said chamber and separated from each other. A gas to be ionized is injected in a pulse into the chamber intermittently to create a gas cloud for a short duration in the space where the electrodes are disposed, and a voltage pulse is applied across the electrodes during the presence of said gas cloud between the electrodes to operate the counter in order to measure the radiation coming into the chamber during the voltage being applied to the electrodes. Because of the absence of a diaphragm in the ray entrance window of the counter chamber, the absorption of radiation energy in a diaphragm is avoided and thereby it is possible to measure radiations of energy less than 1 Kev.

Abstract translation: 无线电激活辐射计数器设置有具有无隔膜的开放窗口的计数器室，并且两个收集电极设置在所述室中并彼此分离。 将被离子化的气体以脉冲方式间歇地注入到腔室中，以在电极设置的空间中产生短时间的气体云，并且在存在所述气体云的电极之间施加电压脉冲 用于操作计数器的电极，以便在施加到电极的电压期间测量进入腔室的辐射。 由于在反腔的射线入口窗中没有隔膜，所以避免了隔膜中的辐射能的吸收，从而可以测量小于1Kev的能量辐射。