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11.发明授权Method and apparatus for noninteracting control of a dynamic compressor having rotating vanes 失效具有旋转叶片的动态压缩机的非交互控制的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4102604A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-25
申请号：US793761
申请日：1977-05-04
CPC分类号： F04D27/0284
摘要： A control system is disclosed for a noninteracting control and protection of a dynamic compressor having rotating vanes.The method consists of a junction of a few control circuits for controlling the performance of a dynamic compressor, for protecting compressor from approaching dangerous zones of operation, and for maintaining a required mass flow rate of a gas through the compressor.An automatic control system based on using the above method is distinguished by its simplicity, great transient and steady state precision and high reliability of surge protection.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于非交互控制和保护具有旋转叶片的动态压缩机的控制系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4046490A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-06
申请号：US636803
申请日：1975-12-01
CPC分类号： F04D27/0207 , F04D27/0261 , F04D27/0284
摘要： A method and apparatus for protecting a dynamic compressor from surge. The method includes a first step for providing a simultaneous control of a smaller relief means and a main control member of a dynamic compressor or the driver thereof for changing the performance of the compressor. This combined action provides for the protection from surge and at the same time insures the invariability of the main control parameters of pressure, mass flow rate to the user, or the speed of rotation. The second step provides for controlling a larger relief means and provides for antisurge protection in those cases when the first step is not sufficient to protect the compressor from surge. Apparatus is also provided for automatically implementing the method.
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公开(公告)号：US3994623A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-30
申请号：US548891
申请日：1975-02-11
CPC分类号： F04D27/0284
摘要： A method is disclosed for a cascade control of a dynamic compressor to maintain a constant mass flow rate to a process. The method consists of a successive junction of control loops for controlling the speed of rotation, the pressure in the delivery, and the mass flow rate; the output signal of each outer loop being the input signal for the inner loop and each of the loops containing a compensating element to reduce the effects of large time constants of all previous loops.An automatic control system based on using the above method, distinguished by its great static and dynamic precision in maintaining a controlled parameter, and by the high reliability of protection of the compressor from surge, and protection from a dangerous increase of the speed of rotation and of a dangerous increase of the discharge pressure.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于动态压缩机的级联控制以保持对过程的恒定质量流率的方法。 该方法包括用于控制旋转速度，输送压力和质量流量的控制回路的连续连接点; 每个外环的输出信号是用于内环的输入信号，并且每个环包含补偿元件，以减少所有先前循环的大时间常数的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US3979655A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-07
申请号：US563662
申请日：1975-03-31
CPC分类号： G05B5/01 , F04D27/0284 , G05B11/32 , G05D16/208
摘要： A control system is disclosed for a cascade control of a dynamic compressor having a variable speed of rotation to maintain a constant pressure to a process. The method consists of a successive junction of control loops for controlling the speed of rotation, the flow rate of a compressor, the pressure in the delivery or in suction; the output signal of each outer loop being the input signal for the inner loop and each of the loops containing a compensating element to reduce the effects of large time constants of all inner loops.An automatic control system based on using the above method, distinguished by its great transient and steady state precision in maintaining a main controlled parameter, and by the high reliability of protection of the compressor from surge and from a dangerous increase of the speed of rotation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有可变速度的动态压缩机的级联控制以控制过程的恒定压力的控制系统。 该方法包括用于控制旋转速度，压缩机流量，输送压力或抽吸中的控制回路的连续连接点; 每个外环的输出信号是内环的输入信号，每个环包含补偿元件，以减少所有内环的大时间常数的影响。
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15.发明授权Method and system for fuel supply to a pump-injector unit of a diesel engine 有权柴油发动机的泵 - 喷射器单元的燃料供给方法和系统公开(公告)号：US08037849B1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-18
申请号：US13050584
申请日：2011-03-17
申请人： Naum Staroselsky , Lev M. Gurarye
发明人： Naum Staroselsky , Lev M. Gurarye
IPC分类号： F02M17/22
CPC分类号： F02M25/10 , F02M21/08 , F02M31/18 , Y02T10/121 , Y02T10/126 , Y02T10/34
摘要： A fuel supply to unit pump-injector systems of diesel engines includes a gasification and saturation of the liquid diesel fuel. A first fuel line delivers the fuel to a low pressure pump driven by an engine shaft which pumps the fuel to a common low pressure fuel manifold. There, the fuel is distributed for injection by the pump-injector units of the engine cylinders. A second fuel line delivers the fuel to a feed pump that feeds through a plurality of nozzles into a gasification vessel. The vessel is pressurized with a gas (e.g., carbon dioxide, air, etc.) a pressure level P2. There, the fuel is saturated with pressurized gas, which is dissolved in the fuel. The solution is then pumped by a second electro motor driven pump that further increases the solution pressure up to a level P3, which is higher than the pressure level P1. At that point, the solution becomes under-saturated and it is fed to the fuel manifold for injection into the engine. A feedback system for the fuel with further pressure and temperature control is provided by the system. The system, and specifically its pumps and the fill level of the gasification vessel, is controlled by a control system.
摘要翻译： 柴油机的单元泵喷射器系统的燃料供应包括液化柴油燃料的气化和饱和。 第一燃料管路将燃料输送到由发动机轴驱动的低压泵，该发动机轴将燃料泵送到普通的低压燃料歧管。 在那里，燃料由发动机气缸的泵 - 喷射器单元分配注射。 第二燃料管路将燃料输送到通过多个喷嘴进入气化容器的进料泵。 用压力水平P2的气体（例如二氧化碳，空气等）对容器加压。 在那里，燃料被溶解在燃料中的加压气体饱和。 然后通过第二电动机驱动的泵泵送溶液，其进一步将溶液压力增加到高于压力水平P1的水平P3。 此时，溶液变得饱和不足，并被送入燃料歧管以注入发动机。 用于具有进一步压力和温度控制的燃料的反馈系统由系统提供。 该系统，特别是其泵和气化容器的填充水平由控制系统控制。
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公开(公告)号：US20090084366A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-02
申请号：US11863455
申请日：2007-09-28
申请人： Igor A. Gachik , Lev M. Gurarye , Victor N. Gurin , Yuri S. Levin , Roman J. Press , Naum Staroselsky , Sam Vaynblat
发明人： Igor A. Gachik , Lev M. Gurarye , Victor N. Gurin , Yuri S. Levin , Roman J. Press , Naum Staroselsky , Sam Vaynblat
IPC分类号： F02M23/00
CPC分类号： F02M37/0064 , F02B21/00 , F02M25/00 , F02M59/00 , F02M63/0245 , F02M2200/95
摘要： A fuel is aerated in a fuel supply and gasification system for more efficient combustion in a combustion chamber. The gasification system includes a mixing device for mixing a liquid fuel with at least one gas. A gas source feeds the gas to a gas feeding nozzle and through the nozzle further to the mixing device, wherein the gas is mixed with the liquid fuel for forming a liquid fuel/gas bubbles mixture. A low-pressure fuel pump connected with the mixing device by a liquid fuel supply line feeds liquid fuel from a fuel reservoir to the mixing device at pressure P1 higher than the gas pressure P2. A prepared liquid fuel/gas bubbles mixture is fed into a high-pressure fuel pump where the liquid fuel/gas bubble mixture get compressed to the state of homogeneous liquid and further is injected into a combustion chamber for instance of internal combustion engine at a pressure P4 that is higher than a pressure P3 in the combustion chamber at the moment of injecting fuel in it. Finally, there is provided an electronic control system comprises electronic variable frequency pulse generator electrically connected with electrically operated gas feeding nozzle.
摘要翻译： 燃料在燃料供应和气化系统中充气，以便在燃烧室中更有效地燃烧。 气化系统包括用于将液体燃料与至少一种气体混合的混合装置。 气体源将气体馈送到气体供给喷嘴并且通过喷嘴进一步送到混合装置，其中气体与液体燃料混合以形成液体燃料/气泡混合物。 通过液体燃料供给管线与混合装置连接的低压燃料泵在高于气体压力P2的压力P1下将液体燃料从燃料储存器供给到混合装置。 将制备的液体燃料/气泡混合物供给到高压燃料泵中，其中液体燃料/气泡混合物被压缩到均匀液体的状态，并进一步被喷射到例如内燃机的燃烧室中的压力 P4高于在其中注入燃料时燃烧室中的压力P3。 最后，提供了一种电子控制系统，包括与电动气体供给喷嘴电连接的电子可变频率脉冲发生器。
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17.发明授权Method for predicting and using the exhaust gas temperatures for control of two and three shaft gas turbines 失效用于预测和使用废气温度来控制两个和三个轴燃气轮机的方法
公开(公告)号：US5622042A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-22
申请号：US395599
申请日：1995-02-27
申请人： Saul Mirsky , Naum Staroselsky
发明人： Saul Mirsky , Naum Staroselsky
CPC分类号： F02C9/28 , F02C9/00 , F05D2270/112
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for protecting gas turbines (two- and three-shaft) from damage or destruction during dangerous transients. In this situation, fuel flow must be reduced, as needed, to keep the exhaust gas temperature below a maximum limit, thereby avoiding damage to blading in the turbine's first-stage. The dynamic action of the temperature downstream of the combustion chamber may be estimated and then used to correct the temperature measured by thermocouples. For this approach, the turbine is instrumented with an inlet pressure transmitter and an outlet temperature transmitter. The method dynamically estimates temperatures downstream of the combustion chamber and reduces the fuel flow rate if the estimated temperature approaches the temperature limit. Existing thermocouple measurements (EGT) are used as well as the pressure of air exiting the compressor (CDP) upstream of the combustion chamber. By employing a first-order lag and a steady-state gain, the measured CDP is used to predict a "correction" EGT signal which is then added to the measured EGT, resulting in a corrected EGT. Once the corrected EGT has been calculated, its first time-derivative is used to adjust the safety margin between a maximum allowable limit temperature and a lower predetermined temperature set point.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在危险瞬变期间保护燃气轮机（两轴和三轴）免受损坏或破坏的方法和装置。 在这种情况下，必须根据需要减少燃料流量，以使废气温度低于最大限度，从而避免损坏涡轮机第一阶段的叶片。 可以估计燃烧室下游温度的动态作用，然后用于校正由热电偶测量的温度。 对于这种方法，涡轮机配有入口压力变送器和出口温度变送器。 如果估计的温度接近温度极限，则该方法动态地估计燃烧室下游的温度并降低燃料流量。 使用现有的热电偶测量（EGT）以及离开燃烧室上游的压缩机（CDP）的空气压力。 通过采用一阶滞后和稳态增益，测量的CDP用于预测“校正”EGT信号，然后将其添加到测量的EGT，导致校正的EGT。 一旦校正的EGT被计算出来，其第一时间微分用于调整最大允许极限温度和较低预定温度设定点之间的安全裕度。
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公开(公告)号：US3951586A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-20
申请号：US539710
申请日：1975-01-09
CPC分类号： C21B9/00
摘要： A method is disclosed for the improved operation of heating stoves for blast furnaces. This method is comprised of a combined use of an independent source of compressed air and potential and thermal energy of air remaining in the heating stoves at the end of a period of cooling. The purpose of this method is to reduce the time of filling of the ready to go on -- wind stoves by compressed air; to stabilize the operating conditions of the blast furnace; to save coke; to save the fuel spent on heating the stoves.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于高炉加热炉的改进操作的方法。 该方法包括在冷却期间结束时组合使用独立的压缩空气源和在加热炉中残留的空气的潜在和热能。 该方法的目的是缩短通过压缩空气填充准备上火的炉子的时间; 稳定高炉的运行状况; 节约焦炭 节省用于加热炉灶的燃料。
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公开(公告)号：US20090078226A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11859307
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： Igor A. Gachik , Lev M. Gurarye , Victor N. Gurin , Yuri S. Levin , Roman J. Press , Naum Staroselsky , Sam Vaynblat
发明人： Igor A. Gachik , Lev M. Gurarye , Victor N. Gurin , Yuri S. Levin , Roman J. Press , Naum Staroselsky , Sam Vaynblat
IPC分类号： F02B43/04
CPC分类号： F02M17/22 , F02G2243/04 , F02M25/00 , F02M27/08 , F02M37/0064
摘要： A fuel is conditioned in a fuel supply system for more efficient combustion in a combustion chamber. The conditioning system includes a fuel vessel for fuel conditioning, at least one fuel dispersing nozzle mounted for discharge into the fuel vessel, at least one gas inlet port and at least one conditioned fuel outlet. A low level sensor registers a lower level of conditioned fuel in the fuel vessel. A high level sensor registers an upper level of conditioned fuel in the fuel vessel. A gas source feeds a gas to the fuel vessel, wherein the gas is dissolved in the liquid fuel for forming a liquid/gas fuel solution. A low-pressure fuel pump and a liquid fuel supply line supply liquid fuel from a fuel reservoir to the at least one dispersing nozzle of the fuel vessel at a pressure P1 higher than the gas pressure P2. A needle valve positioned downstream the fuel chamber, lowers the pressure, created in the fuel chamber by gas pressure P2, to lower level P3 downstream the needle valve. A resulting over-saturation causes gas to escape from solution. A high-pressure fuel pump feeds the homogeneous liquid into a combustion chamber at a pressure P4 that is higher than a pressure P5 in the combustion chamber at a moment of combustion. Finally, there is provided an electronic control system connected to receive a signal from the low level sensor and from the high level sensor for controlling the fuel level in the fuel chamber.
摘要翻译： 在燃料供给系统中调节燃料以在燃烧室中更有效地燃烧。 调节系统包括用于燃料调节的燃料容器，安装用于排放到燃料容器中的至少一个燃料分散喷嘴，至少一个气体入口和至少一个调节燃料出口。 低级传感器在燃料容器中记录较低水平的调节燃料。 高级传感器在燃料容器中登记调节燃料的上限。 气体源将气体供给燃料容器，其中气体溶解在液体燃料中以形成液体/气体燃料溶液。 低压燃料泵和液体燃料供给管线将液体燃料从高于气体压力P2的压力P1从燃料储存器供应到燃料容器的至少一个分散喷嘴。 位于燃料室下游的针阀降低了由燃气压力P2在燃料室中产生的压力，以降低针阀下游的位置P3。 由此导致的过饱和导致气体从溶液中逸出。 高压燃料泵在燃烧室内以高于燃烧室中的压力P5的压力P4将均匀的液体进料到燃烧室中。 最后，提供一种电子控制系统，其连接用于接收来自低电平传感器和高电平传感器的信号，用于控制燃料室中的燃料液位。
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20.发明授权Method and apparatus for limiting a critical variable of a group of compressors or an individual compressor 失效用于限制一组压缩机或单个压缩机的关键变量的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06217288B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-17
申请号：US09008869
申请日：1998-01-20
申请人： Saul Mirsky , Naum Staroselsky
发明人： Saul Mirsky , Naum Staroselsky
IPC分类号： F04B4900
摘要： This invention discloses a method for limiting a critical variable (such as, discharge pressure or suction pressure or pressure ratio) of either a compressor station or an individual compressor when these machines are subjected to large, fast disturbances. Each configuration, whether a station or an individual compressor, is equipped with two PID controllers: (1) a main controller for compressor critical variables and (2) a limiting controller that participates in modulating recycle valves. At the onset of sudden, large changes of mass flow at a compressor's or station's discharge, the effectiveness of the two controllers (acting independently) may be insufficient to prevent discharge pressure from reaching the shutdown set point which, in turn, disrupts the process supported by the compressors, and the longevity of the drivers is diminished. For these reasons, this disclosure relates specifically to a technique that combines the functions of the main and limiting controllers. Because of the complementary (synergistic) interaction of the controllers, an earlier and faster opening of the antisurge valves is initiated, and pressure at the discharge header is effectively limited.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种当这些机器受到大的快速干扰时限制压缩机站或单独的压缩机的临界变量（诸如排气压力或吸入压力或压力比）的方法。 每个配置，无论是车站还是单个压缩机，都配有两个PID控制器：（1）压缩机关键变量的主控制器和（2）参与调节再循环阀的限制控制器。 突然来说，在压缩机或车站排放的质量流量发生大的变化时，两个控制器（独立作用）的有效性可能不足以防止排放压力达到停机设定点，这反过来又破坏了所支持的过程 由压缩机，司机的寿命减少。 由于这些原因，本公开具体涉及组合主控制器和限制控制器的功能的技术。 由于控制器的互补（协同）相互作用，开始提早和快速地启动防喘振阀，并且有效地限制了排出头处的压力。
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