摘要:
A wiper blade includes a wiper strip for contacting a windshield glass of a vehicle, a lever assembly supporting the wiper strip to squeeze onto the windshield glass, and a cover member containing the lever assembly, wherein the lever assembly includes, a pair of first levers, each with both ends engaged with and point-supporting the wiper strip to form an engaging portion on the wiper strip respectively, and a pair of the second levers, each with one end hinge-coupled to a corresponding one of the first levers and with the other end coupled with the cover member and the wiper strip.
摘要:
A method of forming metal wirings of a nonvolatile memory device include forming a first insulating layer over a semiconductor substrate including a first junction area and a second junction area, forming first and second contact holes through which the first and second junction areas are respectively exposed in the first insulating layer, forming first and second contact plugs within the first and second contact holes, etching a part of the second contact plug, thus forming a recess, forming a second insulating layer to fill the recess, forming a third insulating layer over the semiconductor substrate including the first and second insulating layers, forming a first trench through which the first contact plug is exposed a second trench through which the second contact plug is exposed by etching the third insulating layer, and forming first and second metal wirings within the first and second trenches, respectively.
摘要:
An optical pickup of a holographic data recording/reproducing apparatus that emits light to a reflective holographic data storage medium in which a substrate, a reflection layer, a recording layer, and a cover layer are sequentially stacked, and receives the emitted light, the optical pickup including: a first light source unit to emit, during a recording operation, a signal beam having a first polarization and a reference beam having a second polarization perpendicular to the first polarization along the same optical path; and a main lens unit having a refractivity that varies according to a polarization of a passing light, so as to cause the signal beam to be reflected from the reflection layer then focused on a focal point, and to cause the reference beam to pass through the cover layer then be directly focused on the focal point
摘要:
The present invention relates to a Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) method of a semiconductor device. According to the method, a metal layer is formed over a semiconductor substrate in which an edge region define. A passivation layer is formed on the metal layer. The passivation layer formed in the edge region is etched in order to expose the metal layer. The exposed metal layer is removed through etching. The metal layer is polished by performing a CMP process, thus forming a metal line.
摘要:
A hologram optical device, a compatible optical pickup including the hologram optical device, and an optical information storage medium system including the compatible optical pickup are provided. The hologram optical device includes: a first hologram area having a hologram that is asymmetric with respect to an optical axis to diffract an incident light in a 0th order diffractive light and a 1st order diffractive light, wherein light spots are formed by focusing the 0th order and 1st order diffractive lights using a lens. Accordingly, a light spot of the 1st order diffractive light is formed at a position separated from an optical axis of the lens when a light spot formed by the 0th order diffractive light is formed on the optical axis of the lens.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for controlling an inverter capable of enhancing reliability of current measurement by ensuring an optimal time for which effective voltage vectors are applied to detect a three-phase current according to a phase current and sizes of the effective voltage vectors, the apparatus comprising a space voltage modulator that generates and outputs effective voltage vectors based upon a voltage command value, and a low modulation determiner that determines whether the effective voltage vectors are located within a low modulation region, and outputs a low modulation switching control signal or a normal modulation switching control signal according to the determination.
摘要:
An optical pickup compatible with different types of optically recorded media and an optical recording and/or reproducing system employing the compatible optical pickup, the compatible optical pickup including: a short wavelength light source emitting a short wavelength light suitable for a high-density information storage medium; a low-density optical system emitting a long wavelength light suitable for a low-density information storage medium; an objective lens focusing lights incident from the long wavelength light source and the low-density optical system onto an information storage medium; a single photodetector (PD) receiving the short and long wavelength lights reflected from the information storage medium to detect a reproduction signal and a focus error signal; a detection lens focusing the short and long wavelength lights reflected from the information storage medium as a light spot having an appropriate size onto the single PD; a first collimating lens positioned on an optical path of a light reflected from the information storage medium, wherein the optical path is positioned between the objective lens and the single PD; and a driving unit adjusting a position of the first collimating lens along an optical axis according to a wavelength of a light moving towards the single PD to reduce an offset of a focus error signal caused by chromatic aberration.
摘要:
An optical pickup device is compatible with first and second information storage media having different thickness, and includes a light source to emit light; a holographic optical element having holograms in regions to diffract the light into a zero-order diffraction light beam and a first-order diffraction light beam, including a first region to transmit the zero-order diffraction light beam in a straight direction and to diverge the first-order diffraction light beam, a second region to transmit the zero-order diffraction light beam in the straight direction and to converge the first-order diffraction light beam, and a third region to transmit the zero-order diffraction light beam in the straight direction and to converge the first-order diffraction light beam, wherein the zero-order diffraction efficiency of the third region is different from the zero-order diffraction efficiency of the second region; and an objective lens to focus the light to the information storage media.
摘要:
An optical information storage medium system includes an optical pick-up to detect a main push-pull signal and a sub-push pull signal, and a signal operating unit including first and second operating parts to respectively generate a main push-pull signal and a sub-push-pull signal, a noise removing unit to electrically filter the sub-push-pull signal to remove noise caused by light reflected by layers other than a target layer for recording and/or reproducing, and a subtractor to generate a tracking error signal by subtraction of the main push-pull signal and the sub-push-pull signal which is filtered by the noise removing part.