公开(公告)号：US07006873B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-28

申请号：US10690413

申请日：2003-10-21

申请人： Vincent Chow ,  Alan Y. Chow

发明人： Vincent Chow ,  Alan Y. Chow

IPC分类号： A61N1/18

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61F9/08 ,  A61N1/36046

摘要： A visible and infrared light powered retinal implant is disclosed that is implanted into the subretinal space for electrically inducing formed vision in the eye. The retinal implant includes a stacked microphotodetector arrangement having an image sensing pixel layer and a voltage and current gain adjustment layer for providing variable voltage and current gain to the implant so as to obtain better low light implant performance than the prior art, and to compensate for high retinal stimulation thresholds present in some retinal diseases. A first light filter is positioned on one of the microphotodetectors in each of the image sensing pixels of the implant, and a second light filter is positioned on the other of the microphotodetectors in the image sensing pixel of the implant, each of the microphotodetectors of the pixel to respond to a different wavelength of light to produce a sensation of darkness utilizing the first wavelength, and a sensation of light using the second wavelength, and a third light filter is positioned on a portion of the voltage and current gain adjustment layer that is exposed to light, to allow adjustment of the implant voltage and current gain of the device by use of a third wavelength of light.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种可视和红外光供电的视网膜植入物，其植入视网膜内空间中，用于在眼睛中电诱导形成的视力。 视网膜植入物包括具有图像感测像素层和电压和电流增益调整层的堆叠微光检测器装置，用于向植入物提供可变电压和电流增益，以便获得比现有技术更好的低光注入性能，并且补偿 一些视网膜疾病存在高视网膜刺激阈值。 第一光滤光器位于植入物的每个图像感测像素中的一个微光探测器上，并且第二光滤光器位于植入物的图像感测像素中的另一个微光探测器上，每个微光探测器 像素以响应于不同波长的光以利用第一波长产生暗感，以及使用第二波长的光的感觉，并且第三滤光器位于电压和电流增益调整层的一部分上，该电压和电流增益调整层是 暴露于光，以允许通过使用第三波长的光来调整装置的注入电压和电流增益。

公开(公告)号：US06611716B2

公开(公告)日：2003-08-26

申请号：US09824519

申请日：2001-04-02

申请人： Vincent Chow ,  Alan Y. Chow

发明人： Vincent Chow ,  Alan Y. Chow

IPC分类号： A61N118

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61F9/08 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/36046

摘要： An artificial retina device and a method for stimulating and modulating its function is disclosed. The artificial retina device is comprised of plural multi-phasic microphotodiode subunits. In persons suffering from blindness due to outer retinal layer damage, a plurality of such devices, when surgically implanted into the subretinal space, may allow useful formed artificial vision to develop. One device, called a MMRI-4, transduces light into electric currents to stimulate the retina. The four microphotodiode subunits of the MMRI-4 are oriented so that each flattened sides of the MMRI-4 has two subunits in a PiN configuration and two subunits in a NiP configuration. The flattened cubic shape of the MMRI-4 will allow one or the other of the two flattened sides to be preferentially directed toward incident light when implanted in the subretinal space. Because both the PiN and NiP configurations are present on each of the flattened sides of the MMRI-4, electric currents which produce the sensation of light from a PiN current, or darkness from a NiP current, can be induced regardless of which the flattened photoactive sides faces incident light. Filter layers disposed on the PiN configuration will allow visible light to induce a PiN current, and filter layers disposed on the NiP configuration will allow infrared light to induce a NiP current. By projecting real or computer controlled visible light images, and computer controlled infrared light images or illumination, simultaneously or in rapid alternation onto the MMRI-4s, the nature of induced retinal images may be modulated and improved. An Adaptive Imaging Retinal Stimulation System (AIRES), with a Projection and Tracking Optical System (PTOS), which may be worn as a headset is used for this purpose, and is also disclosed. Color images may even be induced by programming the stimulating pulse durations and frequencies of the AIRES system. By creating both PiN and NiP currents, in close spatial positions and temporal sequences, electrolysis damage to cellular tissue from prolonged unidirectional electric currents is reduced. MMRI-4s may also be embedded in a flexible, biologically compatible sheet, with its electrodes exposed on both surfaces of the sheet. This sheet is then implanted on the nerve fiber layer surface of the retina, where electrical stimulation can also induce a form of artificial vision.

公开(公告)号：US5435734A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-25

申请号：US58046

申请日：1993-05-04

申请人： Vincent Chow

发明人： Vincent Chow

IPC分类号： H01L23/40 ,  H01L25/10 ,  H01L23/50 ,  H01R9/09

CPC分类号： H01L23/4006 ,  H01L25/0652 ,  H01R12/714 ,  H01L2023/4043 ,  H01L2023/4062 ,  H01L2023/4068 ,  H01L2023/4081 ,  H01L2224/13109 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/3011

摘要： A system for directly connecting one integrated circuit to another achieved by depositing gold onto the bonding pads of both integrated circuits, aligning the respective bonding pads and biasing both circuits into gas-tight, electrically conductive relation through the use of an initial compression force and a spring assembly. The gold bumps deposited on the bonding pads include ridges to ensure an optimal gas-tight seal. Alignment posts are also inserted through the host integrated circuit, which match notches cut into the periphery of the target integrated circuit, to ensure proper polarization and mating of the bonding pads of each integrated circuit. The integrated circuits and spring assembly are housed, and thus held together by, a carrier assembly. The carrier assembly also serves to dissipate heat generated by the integrated circuits, adapts for mounting on a printed circuit board, and includes a ferrule over an optical sensing area provided on the host integrated circuit.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将一个集成电路直接连接到另一个集成电路的系统，其通过在两个集成电路的接合焊盘上沉积金而实现，其通过使用初始压缩力和两个电路对准各自的焊盘并将两个电路偏置成气密的导电关系， 弹簧总成。 沉积在接合焊盘上的金凸块包括脊，以确保最佳的气密密封。 对准柱也通过主机集成电路插入，该主机集成电路匹配切割到目标集成电路的周边的切口，以确保每个集成电路的焊盘的适当偏振和匹配。 集成电路和弹簧组件被容纳在一起，并由此由载体组件保持在一起。 载体组件还用于散发由集成电路产生的热量，适于安装在印刷电路板上，并且包括位于主机集成电路上提供的光学感测区域上的套圈。

公开(公告)号：US20060142857A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-29

申请号：US11293871

申请日：2005-12-02

申请人： Alan Chow ,  Vincent Chow

发明人： Alan Chow ,  Vincent Chow

IPC分类号： A61F2/16

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61F9/08 ,  A61N1/36046

摘要： An artificial retinal device, implanted in the subretinal space of the eye in persons with certain types of retinal blindness, induces artificial vision by electrical stimulation of the remaining viable cells of the retina. The artificial retina device includes a stimulating electrode unit preferably placed in the subretinal space.

摘要翻译： 人眼视网膜装置植入视网膜视网膜失明者中的视网膜视网膜中，通过电刺激视网膜的剩余活细胞诱导人工视觉。 人造视网膜装置包括优选放置在视网膜下空间中的刺激电极单元。

公开(公告)号：US06389317B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09539399

申请日：2000-03-31

申请人： Vincent Chow ,  Alan Y. Chow

发明人： Vincent Chow ,  Alan Y. Chow

IPC分类号： A61N118

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61F9/08 ,  A61N1/36046

摘要： A visible and infrared light powered retinal implant is disclosed that is implanted into the subretinal space for electrically inducing formed vision in the eye. The retinal implant includes a stacked microphotodetector arrangement having an image sensing pixel layer and a voltage and current gain adjustment layer for providing variable voltage and current gain to the implant so as to obtain better low light implant performance than the prior art, and to compensate for high retinal stimulation thresholds present in some retinal diseases. A first light filter is positioned on one of the microphotodetectors in each of the image sensing pixels of the implant, and a second light filter is positioned on the other of the microphotodetectors in the image sensing pixel of the implant, each of the microphotodetectors of the pixel to respond to a different wavelength of light to produce a sensation of darkness utilizing the first wavelength, and a sensation of light using the second wavelength, and a third light filter is positioned on a portion of the voltage and current gain adjustment layer that is exposed to light, to allow adjustment of the implant voltage and current gain of the device by use of a third wavelength of light.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种可视和红外光供电的视网膜植入物，其植入视网膜内空间中，用于在眼睛中电诱导形成的视力。 视网膜植入物包括具有图像感测像素层和电压和电流增益调整层的堆叠微光检测器装置，用于向植入物提供可变电压和电流增益，以便获得比现有技术更好的低光注入性能，并且补偿 一些视网膜疾病存在高视网膜刺激阈值。 第一光滤光器位于植入物的每个图像感测像素中的一个微光探测器上，并且第二光滤光器位于植入物的图像感测像素中的另一个微光探测器上，每个微光探测器 像素以响应于不同波长的光以利用第一波长产生暗感，以及使用第二波长的光的感觉，并且第三滤光器位于电压和电流增益调整层的一部分上，该电压和电流增益调整层是 暴露于光，以允许通过使用第三波长的光来调整装置的注入电压和电流增益。

公开(公告)号：US5556423A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-17

申请号：US230504

申请日：1994-04-20

申请人： Alan Y. Chow ,  Vincent Chow

发明人： Alan Y. Chow ,  Vincent Chow

IPC分类号： A61F9/00 ,  A61F2/16 ,  A61F9/007 ,  A61F9/08 ,  A61N1/36 ,  H01L27/146 ,  A61N1/05

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61F9/00727 ,  A61F9/08 ,  H01L27/14643 ,  A61N1/36046

摘要： Microscopic photodiode devices with semi-transparent surface electrodes are combined with a liquid or other suitable vehicle. Together they are injected into the subretinal space of the eye. The purpose of these microphotodiode photovoltaic devices is to transduce incident light into electric current which stimulate the overlying cellular layers of the retina. In persons suffering from visual dysfunction due to outer retinal layer damage, such devices may allow useful formed artificial vision. These independent surface electrode microphotodiodes (ISEMCPs) may be in the shape of micro-spheres, micro-cylinders or other micro-shapes. An off-center embedded ferromagnetic layer will confer magnetic susceptibility to the ISEMCPs. A magnetic field applied in the vicinity of the eye will align the ISEMCPs within the subretinal space directing their photoactive surface toward incident light. Alternatively ISEMCPs may be embedded, prealigned, in a transparent flexible sheet permeable to nutrients and oxygen before implantation into the subretinal space. Such a sheet will allow passage of biological nutrients and oxygen around the ISEMCPs. This sheet may also dissolve leaving behind ISEMCP units lying separately, or in an arranged pattern produced by a surrounding mesh. ISEMCPs may be of the PiN or NiP type or a combination of both in a single unit. An electric capacitor layer may also be incorporated into the ISEMCP device (ISEMCP-C) to allow charge storage during exposure to light and charge release in darkness producing an opposite polarity current. This last modification will allow the generation of hyperpolarizing currents in light and depolarizing currents in darkness which is necessary to produce formed vision of light and dark images.

摘要翻译： 具有半透明表面电极的微观光电二极管装置与液体或其它合适的载体组合。 一起将它们注入眼睛的视网膜下腔。 这些微光二极管光伏器件的目的是将入射光转换成电流，其刺激视网膜的上覆细胞层。 由于外部视网膜层损伤导致视觉功能障碍的患者，这种装置可能允许有用的形成的人造视觉。 这些独立的表面电极微光二极管（ISEMCP）可以是微球，微圆柱体或其它微观形状的形状。 偏心的嵌入式铁磁层将赋予ISEMCP磁敏感性。 施加在眼睛附近的磁场将使视网膜内空间内的ISEMCP对准其光活性表面朝向入射光。 或者，ISEMCP可以嵌入，预对准，在植入到视网膜下空间内的可渗透营养物和氧气的透明柔性片中。 这样的片材将允许ISEMCPs周围的生物营养物质和氧气通过。 该片也可以溶解，留下ISEMCP单元分开放置，或以围绕网格产生的排列图案。 ISEMCP可以是PiN或NiP类型或两者在一个单元中的组合。 也可以将电容器层结合到ISEMCP器件（ISEMCP-C）中，以在曝光期间进行电荷存储，并在黑暗中产生电荷释放，产生相反的极性电流。 这最后一个修改将允许在黑暗中的光和去极化电流中产生超极化电流，这是产生形成的光和暗图像的视觉所必需的。

公开(公告)号：US5367596A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US92391

申请日：1993-07-14

申请人： Vincent Chow

发明人： Vincent Chow

IPC分类号： H04N1/19 ,  H04N1/03 ,  H04N1/04 ,  G02B6/06 ,  B29D11/00 ,  B65H55/04 ,  B65H69/02

CPC分类号： H04N1/02835 ,  H04N1/03 ,  H04N1/1936 ,  H04N2201/02487

摘要： A method of making an optical scanner is disclosed that includes light transmitting and receiving optical fibers to illuminate and scan an image to be copied, transmitted or stored.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制造光学扫描器的方法，其包括光发射和接收光纤以照亮和扫描要复制，发送或存储的图像。