摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst composition and a process for di-, tri- and/or tetramerization of ethylene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound, a ligand of the general structure (A) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—H or (B) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—PR6R7, or any cyclic derivatives of (A) and (B), wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPN-unit or PNPNP-unit is member of a ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of structures (A) or (B) by substitution and a co-catalyst or activator.
摘要:
A process for preparing a catalyst provided in the form of a metal oxide catalyst having at least one element selected from Mo, Te, Nb, V, Cr, Dy, Ga, Sb, Ni, Co, Pt and Ce. The catalyst is subjected to an aftertreatment to increase the proportion of the M1 phase, by contacting the catalyst with steam at a pressure below 100 bar or by contacting the catalyst with oxygen to obtain an aftertreated catalyst. The aftertreated catalyst may be used for oxidative dehydrogenation processes.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method and a reactor system for preparing linear alpha-olefins by oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of an organic solvent and an oligomerization catalyst, wherein a product fraction of C10+ alpha-olefins contaminated with aromatic C9+ compounds is separated from a product main stream and transferred into a conversion reactor, where C10+ alpha-olefins and aromatic C9+ components are reacted in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts alkylation catalyst to produce aromatic C19+ compound.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for oligomerization/polymerization of ethylene and/or alpha-olefins, comprising the steps of oligomerizing/polymerizing ethylene and/or alpha-olefins to produce a reaction product which contains undesired reaction by-products, separating the reaction by-product from the reaction product as one or more reaction by-product fractions, and subjecting at least one of the reaction by-product fractions to steam cracking to produce a steam cracking product which comprises ethylene, which may be optionally purified and feed to the oligomerization/polymerization of ethylene and/or alpha olefins step.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for oligomerization/polymerization of ethylene and/or alpha-olefins, comprising the steps of oligomerizing/polymerizing ethylene and/or alpha-olefins to produce a reaction product which contains undesired reaction by-products, separating the reaction by-product from the reaction product as one or more reaction by-product fractions, and subjecting at least one of the reaction by-product fractions to steam cracking to produce a steam cracking product which comprises ethylene, which may be optionally purified and feed to the oligomerization/polymerization of ethylene and/or alpha olefins step.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the removal of NO and NO2 from an oxygen-containing gas stream, which comprises a scrubbing step in which the gas stream is brought into contact with an ammonia-containing scrubbing solution, NO is oxidized to form NO2 by means of the oxygen present at a pressure of at least 2 bar and temperatures of from 15° C. to 60° C. and at least part of the NO2 present in the gas stream is converted by means of the ammonia-containing scrubbing solution into ammonium nitrite and a downstream decomposition step in which the ammonium nitrite present in the scrubbing solution is thermally decomposed into elemental nitrogen and water, where the decomposition step is carried out at temperatures of from 121° C. to 190° C. and a pressure of from 2 to 40 bar. The invention likewise relates to a plant for operation of the process of the invention.
摘要:
A process for removing impurities, in particular oxides of sulphur (SOx) and/or oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from oxygen-containing gas streams by scrubbing with at least one washing agent is described. In order to achieve effective gas purification in an economical manner even in the case of so-called large “oxyfuel” furnaces which operate with oxygen as fuel gas, it is proposed to convert the impurities at an elevated pressure of at least 2 bar with at least one basic constituent of the washing agent into salts and to wash out said impurities as dissolved salts.
摘要:
A method for dynamically initiated interactive group communication between several participants concerning a process offered by an organizer includes: definition and conditioning of the process according to parameters that can freely be defined by the organizer, selection of the resource(s) to display the process, definition of target persons or groups and call by the organizer for participation/registration, registration by interested persons, acceptance of the registration and definition of group of participants according to criteria which can be pre-set by the organizer, start of the interactive communication depending on the organizer, on one or more participants or on an event, specification of a process content, enforcement of the interactive communication with regard to the communication rules and completion of the communication when reaching a result which is defined or can be defined or influenced by the organizer or by one or more participants in the course of the communication.
摘要:
A process for removing impurities, in particular oxides of sulphur (SOx) and/or oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from oxygen-containing gas streams by scrubbing with at least one washing agent is described. In order to achieve effective gas purification in an economical manner even in the case of so-called large “oxyfuel” furnaces which operate with oxygen as fuel gas, it is proposed to convert the impurities at an elevated pressure of at least 2 bar with at least one basic constituent of the washing agent into salts and to wash out said impurities as dissolved salts.
摘要:
A method for supporting management and exchange of distributed data of a user or an entity, in particular user profile information data, is characterized in that a protocol is provided that employs SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language) as bearer protocol in such a way that SAML messages function as containers for DST (Data Service Template) or DST-like messages in order to compose SAML DST messages, wherein the DST or DST-like messages include data processing information, and wherein for the DST or DST-like messages unified protocol namespaces are defined as the protocol specific namespaces.