摘要:
A wavelength selective optical switch particularly usable as a programmable N×M optical switch in a multi-wavelength communication system. The switch uses a grating that separates multi-channel optical signals into a plurality of optical channels, and combines a plurality of optical channels into multi-channel optical signals. Programmable mirrors switch each optical channel to any of a plurality of fibers coupled to the switch.
摘要:
Various embodiments involving structures and methods for illumination can be employed, for example, in projectors, head-mounted displays, helmet-mounted displays, back projection TVs, flat panel displays as well as other optical systems. Certain embodiments may include prism elements for illuminating, for example, a spatial light modulator. Light may be coupled to the prism in some cases using fiber optics or lightpipes. The optical system may also include a diffuser having scatter features arranged to scatter light appropriately to produce a desired luminance profile. Other embodiments are possible as well.
摘要:
An illumination system and condenser for use in photolithography in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region has a first non-imaging optic element collecting electromagnetic radiation from a source and creates a desired radiance distribution. A second non-imaging optic element receives the electromagnetic radiation from the first non-imaging optic element and redirects and images the electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiation from the second non-imaging optic element is suitable for being received by other conventional optical surfaces to provide a desired radiance distribution with a desired angular distribution and desired shape. Facets are used to provide the desired illumination over the desired illumination field. Reflective facets may be placed on the second non-imaging optic, which can reduce the number of mirrors and increase efficiency. The condenser and illumination system are used in combination with a projection optic to project the image of a reticle or mask onto a photosensitive substrate, such as a semiconductor wafer. The condenser of the present invention provides an efficient condenser in a compact package and provides desirable illumination properties for imaging relatively small feature sizes of less than 0.13 microns.
摘要:
The present invention provides a neurosecretory protein VGF peptide useful in qualifying Alzheimer's disease status in a patient. In particular, this peptide and modified forms thereof may be used to classify a subject sample as Alzheimer's disease or non-Alzheimer's disease. The peptide biomarker can be detected by SELDI mass spectrometry.
摘要:
The present invention provides a neurosecretory protein VGF peptide useful in qualifying Alzheimer's disease status in a patient. In particular, this peptide and modified forms thereof may be used to classify a subject sample as Alzheimer's disease or non-Alzheimer's disease. The peptide biomarker can be detected by SELDI mass spectrometry.
摘要:
A multi-layered structure in the form of a disposable patch is described for supporting a light source and useful in conjunction with procedures for the non-invasive visualization of veins, arteries or other subcutaneous structures of the body or for facilitating intravenous insertion or extraction of fluids, medication or the like, which in a representative embodiment includes a coupling layer for interfacing and optically coupling with the body surface and conforming to the surface topography of the body portion of interest, a ring for supporting a light source, and a reflective layer between the source and coupling layer for redirecting light reflected from the body surface back through the coupling layer.
摘要:
An apparatus and method of optimization of virtual machine operation. A source code is divided into source code regions, each source code region comprising a method or a program loop. A current context is compared to the at least one historical context based on at least one of past events and past inputs. The past inputs and past events are prior to current execution of the source code. A source code region is selected as a hot execution spot based on the historical context if the current context is substantially similar to the historical context.
摘要:
Various embodiments involving structures and methods for illumination can be employed, for example, in projectors, head-mounted displays, helmet-mounted displays, back projection TVs, flat panel displays as well as other optical systems. Certain embodiments may include prism elements for illuminating, for example, a spatial light modulator. Light may be coupled to the prism in some cases using fiber optics or lightpipes. The optical system may also include a diffuser having scatter features arranged to scatter light appropriately to produce a desired luminance profile. Other embodiments are possible as well.
摘要:
Refrigerated cultured dairy products such as yogurt having enhanced anti-mold stability are prepared by including minute quantities of a cultured dairy ingredient having been cultured with a propionic acid forming culture. The propionic bearing cultured dairy ingredient such as whey is added to a milk base that is then heat treated prior to inoculation and fermentation with a yogurt culture. Premature protein coagulation that can occur during the heat treatment step is minimized by adding minute quantities of a calcium sequestrant to the milk base.
摘要:
A projection light source, and associated method, for generating an arcuate band of light, including an angular integrator, an image dissector, and a relay and remapper. The angular integrator includes a first face, a second face, and a plurality of triangular grooves longitudinally extending along the first face and the second face. The triangular grooves are separated in the transverse direction by gaps, and the triangular grooves on the first face lie in a substantially orthogonal direction to the triangular grooves on the second face. Light passes from the first face to the second face. The image dissector includes an input face, an output face, and plural elements that redirect light from the input face to the output face. The output face has a substantially rectangular shape that is different than that of the input face. At least one of the plural elements has at least one coating that reduces optical transmission efficiency of the element. The relay and remapper include a lens system and a parabolic mirror. The lens system has a highly curved field that distorts the substantially rectangular-shaped band of light into a curved image whose radius of curvature is the same as the arcuate band of light. The parabolic mirror has a latus rectum that is approximately equal to a curvature of the substantially arcuate band of light and has a cross section at the latus rectum.