摘要:
A process for removing trioxane from a use stream I of formaldehyde, trioxane and water, by a) providing a use stream I of formaldehyde as the main component and trioxane and water as the secondary components, b) mixing the use stream I with a recycle stream VII to obtain a feed stream Ia, c) distilling the use stream Ia in a first distillation stage to obtain a stream II of formaldehyde as the main component and water as the secondary component, and a stream III of trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, d) distilling the stream III in a second distillation stage having a pressure higher than in the first distillation stage, to obtain a stream IV of trioxane and a stream V of trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, e) distilling the stream V in a third distillation stage to obtain a stream VI of water and the recycle stream VII of trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components.
摘要:
The invention relates to an integrated process for preparing trioxane from formaldehyde in which, in a first step, a stream A1 comprising water and formaldehyde and a recycle stream B2 consisting substantially of water and formaldehyde are fed to a trioxane synthesis reactor in which the formaldehyde is converted to trioxane to obtain a product stream A2 comprising trioxane, water and formaldehyde. Stream A2 and a recycle stream D1 comprising trioxane, water and formaldehyde are fed to a first distillation column and distilled at a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 2.5 bar to obtain a stream B1 enriched in trioxane, and the stream B2 consisting substantially of water and formaldehyde. Stream B1 is fed to a second distillation column and distilled at a pressure in the range from 0.2 to 17.5 bar to obtain a product stream C2 consisting substantially of trioxane, and a stream C1 comprising trioxane, water and formaldehyde. Stream C1 is fed to a third distillation column and distilled at a pressure in the range from 1 to 10 bar to obtain the recycle stream D1 comprising trioxane, water and formaldehyde, and a stream D2 consisting substantially of water.
摘要:
Processes are disclosed comprising: (a) reacting an aqueous formaldehyde solution in a reactor in the presence of a suitable catalyst to obtain a reaction product mixture comprising trioxane, formaldehyde and water; (b) distilling the reaction product mixture to form a top stream comprising crude trioxane; and (c) treating the top stream in one or more additional stages to form pure trioxane; wherein an aqueous sidestream is drawn off during the distilling of the reaction mixture.
摘要:
A process for inhibiting unwanted free-radical polymerization of acrylic acid present in a liquid phase P whose acrylic acid content is at least 10% by weight and which, based on the weight of the acrylic acid present therein, additionally comprises at least 100 ppm by weight of propionic acid and at least 100 ppm by weight of glyoxal, in which at least one chemical compound of the element copper is added to the liquid phase P, and the resulting liquid phases P to which a chemical compound of the element copper has been added.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of polyetherols, comprising the following steps: a) reaction of at least one starter compound with at least one alkylene oxide and a catalyst to give a crude polyetherol and b) removal of low molecular weight byproducts from the crude polyetherol from step a), wherein the crude polyetherol is treated with a stripping gas in a column having internals.
摘要:
A fabric packing has a plurality of layers made of a filament of metal or plastic and includes bulges for maintaining the fabric layers at a distance. The bulges have first protuberances of generally trough-shaped configuration and second protuberances formed on the first protuberances, thereby defining respective apexes. The second protuberances are sized smaller than the first protuberances, wherein neighboring fabric layers are supported on one another via the second protuberances.
摘要:
A process for removing trioxane from a mixture I of formaldehyde, trioxane and water, by a) distilling the mixture I in a first distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.1 to 2 bar to obtain a stream II which comprises formaldehyde and a stream III which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, b) mixing the stream III with a recycle stream VII which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde to obtain a stream IIIa which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, c) distilling the stream IIIa, if appropriate after removing low boilers from the stream III or IIIa in a further distillation stage, in a second distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.2 to 10 bar, the pressure in the second distillation stage being at least 0.1 bar higher than the pressure in the first distillation stage, to obtain a stream IV of trioxane and a stream V which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, d) distilling the stream V in a third distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.1 to 4 bar to obtain a stream VI which comprises predominantly water and additionally formaldehyde, and the recycle stream VII which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, e) if appropriate, distilling the stream VI in a fourth distillation stage to obtain a stream VIII which comprises predominantly water, and a stream IX which comprises predominantly formaldehyde.
摘要:
A process is described for continuously preparing alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid and alkanols having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms in homogeneous, liquid, solvent-free phase at elevated temperature and in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, in which the (meth)acrylic acid, the alkanol and the acidic esterification catalyst are fed to a reaction zone (5, 6), a reaction mixture (21) is discharged from the reaction zone (5, 6), and is introduced into a rectification unit I and separated by addition of water into a top stream (23), comprising the alkyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid, and a bottom stream (22), and a substream of the bottom stream (22) from the rectification unit I is fed to a residue dissociation unit IV, which comprises a dissociating boiler (61), and is separated therein into a top stream (29), which is recycled into the rectification unit I and a bottom stream (40), which is removed from the system, wherein the residue dissociation unit IV, as well as the dissociating boiler (61), further comprises a rectification column (62), the water content of the liquid obtained at the bottommost stage thereof being less than 0.1% by weight.
摘要:
A process for redissociating Michael adducts which are present in a liquid F with a proportion by weight of ≧10% by weight and have been formed in the preparation of acrylic acid or esters thereof in a redissociating apparatus which comprises a pump P, a separating column K with separating internals and a circulation heat exchanger UW, wherein, for the purpose of supplying the cleavage energy, the pump P sucks in bottoms liquid from the bottom space of the separating column K and, via the circulation heat exchanger UW, continually recycles it into the bottom space above the level of the bottoms liquid, and wherein the pump P is a radial circulation pump with an open impeller.
摘要:
A process for inhibiting unwanted free-radical polymerization of acrylic acid present in a liquid phase P whose acrylic acid content is at least 10% by weight and which, based on the weight of the acrylic acid present therein, additionally comprises at least 100 ppm by weight of propionic acid and at least 100 ppm by weight of glyoxal, in which at least one chemical compound of the element copper is added to the liquid phase P, and the resulting liquid phases P to which a chemical compound of the element copper has been added.