Sintered solid electrolyte having a high oxygen-ion conductivity
    11.
    发明授权
    Sintered solid electrolyte having a high oxygen-ion conductivity 失效
    具有高氧离子传导性的烧结固体电解质

    公开(公告)号:US5709786A

    公开(公告)日:1998-01-20

    申请号:US433460

    申请日:1996-02-06

    摘要: A sintered layer system, includes an ion-conductive solid electrolyte layer which has a high oxygen ion conductivity and which is comprised of a solid electrolyte material comprising at least one oxide of tetravalent metals and at least one stabilizer oxide; and at least one functional layer which comprises a mixture of the solid electrolyte material and at least one further material, wherein the solid electrolyte material of the ion-conductive solid electrolyte layer and the solid electrolyte material of the at least one functional layer are comprised of nanocrystallites having a mean diameter of

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 01009 Sec。 371日期1996年2月6日 102(e)日期1996年2月6日PCT 1993年10月23日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 11322 日期1994年5月26日一种烧结层系统包括离子导电固体电解质层,其具有高氧离子传导性,并且由包含至少一种四价金属氧化物和至少一种稳定剂氧化物的固体电解质材料构成; 以及至少一个功能层,其包含所述固体电解质材料和至少一种其它材料的混合物,其中所述离子传导固体电解质层的固体电解质材料和所述至少一个功能层的固体电解质材料包括 平均直径<100纳米的纳米晶体。

    Sensor element for the determination of concentration of gas
constituent(s)
    12.
    发明授权
    Sensor element for the determination of concentration of gas constituent(s) 失效
    用于测定气体成分浓度的传感器元件

    公开(公告)号:US5545301A

    公开(公告)日:1996-08-13

    申请号:US360737

    申请日:1994-12-23

    CPC分类号: G01N27/4071

    摘要: A sensor element for determining concentration of at least one constituent of a gas mixture operates on an electro-chemical measuring process and includes a gas measuring chamber; a pair of electrodes and an electrode chamber located between the pair of electrodes; and a diffusion conduit adjoining the electrode chamber and having a gas input which connects with the gas measuring chamber, having a gas output which connects with the electrode chamber, and having at least one cross-sectional area including a height, w, and a length, L, which height, w, has a preselected minimum value, and which length, L, has a value which is equal to or greater than the preselected minimum value of the height, w. The constituent of the gas mixture has a mean free path length through the sensor element, the gas measuring chamber has a cross-sectional area including a height and a length each of which are at least as large as the minimum height, w, of the diffusion conduit, and the height, w, of respective ones of the at least one cross-sectional area of the diffusion conduit is at least a multiple of the mean free path length of the constituent of the gas mixture to be measured. Advantageously, substantially only gaseous phase diffusion occurs when the predetermined minimum value of the height, w, is at least a multiple of a minimum value of the mean free path length for the gas constituent measured.

    摘要翻译: 用于确定气体混合物的至少一种组分的浓度的传感器元件在电化学测量过程中运行,并且包括气体测量室; 位于所述一对电极之间的一对电极和电极室; 以及邻接所述电极室并具有与所述气体测量室连接的气体输入的扩散管道,具有与所述电极室连接的气体输出,并且具有包括高度w和长度的至少一个横截面区域 ,L,其高度w具有预选的最小值,并且长度L具有等于或大于预定的最小值的最小值w的值。 气体混合物的组分具有通过传感器元件的平均自由路径长度,气体测量室具有包括高度和长度的横截面积,每个高度和长度至少与最小高度w一样大, 扩散管道的扩散管道,并且扩散管道的至少一个横截面积中相应的一个的高度w至少为要测量的气体混合物的成分的平均自由程长度的倍数。 有利地,当高度的预定最小值w至少为测量的气体成分的平均自由程长度的最小值的倍数时,基本上仅发生气相扩散。

    Sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations of gas
mixtures
    13.
    发明授权
    Sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations of gas mixtures 失效
    用于确定气体组分和/或气体混合物气体浓度的传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5476001A

    公开(公告)日:1995-12-19

    申请号:US244660

    申请日:1994-06-06

    CPC分类号: G01N27/419

    摘要: A sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations in gas mixtures, in particular in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor has an oxygen pump cell and a measuring element having a sensitive region. Provided between the pump cell and the gas mixture is a diffusion path in which there are formed an oxygen gradient XO.sub.2 and a gradient X.sub.CO of the gas component to be determined, which extend respectively in opposite directions. The measuring element is positioned relative to the pump cell and the diffusion path in such a way that an excess of oxygen is present on the sensitive region of the measuring element.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 01164 Sec。 371日期:1994年6月6日 102(e)日期1994年6月6日PCT提交1993年12月7日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 15206 日期1997年7月7日。一种用于确定气体混合物,特别是内燃机废气中的气体成分和/或气体浓度的传感器。 传感器具有氧气泵电池和具有敏感区域的测量元件。 提供在泵电池和气体混合物之间的是扩散路径,其中形成分别沿相反方向延伸的要确定的气体成分的氧梯度XO2和梯度XCO。 测量元件相对于泵电池和扩散路径被定位成使得过量的氧存在于测量元件的敏感区域上。

    Sensor element for limit current sensors to determine the .lambda.-value
of gas mixtures
    14.
    发明授权
    Sensor element for limit current sensors to determine the .lambda.-value of gas mixtures 失效
    用于限制电流传感器的传感器元件,以确定气体混合物的λ值

    公开(公告)号:US5314604A

    公开(公告)日:1994-05-24

    申请号:US39135

    申请日:1993-04-12

    CPC分类号: G01N27/417

    摘要: A sensor element for broad band sensors to determine the .lambda.-value of gas mixtures is suggested. This sensor element can be manufactured in ceramic-sheet and screen-printing technology and is provided in the diffusion gap (7) downstream from a pair of pump electrodes (8,8"), arranged on both sides of the diffusion gasp (7), with a Nernst electrode (9) which functions as an exhaust gas electrode. Due to this arrangement of the Nernst electrode (9), it is possible in a simple manner to effectively protect the pump cell formed by the interior pump electrodes (8,8') from overload and to prevent falsification of the sensor signal.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00752 Sec。 371日期:1993年4月12日 102(e)日期1993年4月12日PCT 1991年9月21日PCT PCT。 公开号WO92 / 07252 日期:1992年4月30日。建议用于确定气体混合物的λ值的宽带传感器的传感器元件。 该传感器元件可以以陶瓷片和丝网印刷技术制造,并且设置在布置在扩散气体(7)的两侧的一对泵电极(8,8“)下游的扩散间隙(7)中 ),其具有用作排气电极的能斯特电极(9)。 由于能斯特电极(9)的这种布置,可以以简单的方式有效地保护由内部泵电极(8,8')形成的泵电池免于过载并且防止传感器信号的伪造。

    Arrangement for converting optical signals into electrical signals and
method of producing the arrangement
    16.
    发明授权
    Arrangement for converting optical signals into electrical signals and method of producing the arrangement 失效
    将光信号转换为电信号的装置及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US5987202A

    公开(公告)日:1999-11-16

    申请号:US875263

    申请日:1997-07-18

    IPC分类号: G02B6/36 G02B6/42 G02B6/30

    摘要: Proposed is a method for producing an arrangement for converting optical signals into electrical signals, the arrangement comprising a substrate having structures for guiding an optical fiber and for deflecting light transmitted by way of the optical fiber. The structures (11, 12, 13) on the substrate (10) are created through the production of a mold of the contour of a molding tool. A ceramic base material is advisably used as the starting material for the substrate (10). The molding is effected through pressing, injection pressing, slip casting, injection molding or reaction casting.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 00026 Sec。 371日期1997年7月18日 102(e)1997年7月18日PCT PCT 1996年1月10日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 22177 PCT 日期1996年7月25日提出了一种制造用于将光信号转换为电信号的装置的方法,该装置包括具有用于引导光纤并用于偏转通过光纤传输的光的结构的基板。 基板(10)上的结构(11,12,13)通过生产模具的轮廓的模具而形成。 陶瓷基材优选用作基材(10)的原料。 通过压制,注射压力,滑移浇铸,注射成型或反应铸造来实现模制。

    Electrochemical measuring sensor for determining nitrogen oxides in gas
mixtures
    17.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical measuring sensor for determining nitrogen oxides in gas mixtures 失效
    用于测定气体混合物中氮氧化物的电化学测量传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5879526A

    公开(公告)日:1999-03-09

    申请号:US822510

    申请日:1997-03-24

    IPC分类号: G01N33/00 G01N27/41

    CPC分类号: G01N33/0037

    摘要: An electrochemical measuring sensor for selectively determining nitrogen oxides in a gas mixture including oxygen and nitrogen oxides, includes a solid electrolyte layer; a cover layer; and a diffusion channel which is defined between the solid electrolyte layer and the cover layer, and through which the gas mixture diffuses in a diffusion direction. The solid electrolyte layer has provided on a surface thereof a first cathode and a second cathode disposed one after the other in the diffusion direction of the gas mixture within the diffusion channel and exposed to the gas mixture in the order recited, and has provided on an opposite surface thereof at least one anode. The diffusion channel forms a diffusion barrier for the second cathode. The first and second cathodes and the at least one anode are gas permeable and consist of one of a precious metal or a precious metal alloy. The first cathode is provided with a coating which completely covers same, which is impermeable to nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x), and which is permeable to oxygen. The first cathode, a portion of the solid electrolyte, and the at least one anode form a first pumping cell. The second cathode, another portion of the solid electrolyte, and the at least one anode form a second pumping cell. A measuring signal for determining NO.sub.x is measured between the second cathode of the second pumping cell and the at least one anode of the second pumping cell as a limiting current.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于选择性地确定包含氧和氮氧化物的气体混合物中的氮氧化物的电化学测量传感器包括固体电解质层; 覆盖层; 以及限定在固体电解质层和覆盖层之间的扩散通道,气体混合物通过该扩散通道沿扩散方向扩散。 固体电解质层在其表面上设置有在扩散通道内的气体混合物的扩散方向上一个接一个地设置的第一阴极和第二阴极,并以所述顺序暴露于气体混合物,并且 其相对表面具有至少一个阳极。 扩散通道形成第二阴极的扩散阻挡层。 第一和第二阴极和至少一个阳极是透气的,由贵金属或贵金属合金之一组成。 第一阴极设置有完全覆盖的涂层,其对于氮氧化物(NOx)是不可渗透的,并且其是透氧的。 第一阴极,固体电解质的一部分和至少一个阳极形成第一泵浦电池。 第二阴极,固体电解质的另一部分和至少一个阳极形成第二泵浦电池。 在第二泵浦电池的第二阴极和第二泵浦电池的至少一个阳极之间测量用于确定NOx的测量信号作为限制电流。

    Process for the production of composite systems having at least two
inorganic ceramic layers
    18.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of composite systems having at least two inorganic ceramic layers 失效
    用于生产具有至少两个无机陶瓷层的复合体系的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5628848A

    公开(公告)日:1997-05-13

    申请号:US367141

    申请日:1995-01-09

    摘要: The invention relates to composite systems having at least two layers which comprise different inorganic, ceramic phases and are produced by cosintering of different, finely divided inorganic materials arranged in layers. The composite systems are characterized in that at least two adjacent layers comprise a dense phase largely free of macropores. The layers are durably bonded to one another by sintering together of particles of the different materials at the phase boundary or boundaries. The composite systems and the processes for the production thereof are used, for example, in the manufacture of gas sensors.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00520 Sec。 371日期1995年1月9日 102(e)1995年1月9日PCT PCT 1994年5月6日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 27819号公报 日期1994年12月8日本发明涉及具有至少两层的复合体系,它们包含不同的无机陶瓷相,并通过不同细分的无机材料以层间顺序的同步化而产生。 复合体系的特征在于至少两个相邻的层包含大部分不含大孔的密相。 这些层通过在相边界或边界处将不同材料的颗粒烧结在一起而相互粘合在一起。 复合系统及其制造方法例如用于气体传感器的制造中。

    Polarographic sensor
    19.
    发明授权
    Polarographic sensor 失效
    极谱传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5507174A

    公开(公告)日:1996-04-16

    申请号:US211569

    申请日:1994-08-02

    CPC分类号: G01N27/4071 F02B1/04

    摘要: A polarographic sensor for determining concentration of certain components including oxygen or combustible fractions, such as hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, includes a pump cell having an anode, a cathode, and an oxygen ion-conducting solid electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode is provided with a diffusion barrier, wherein the anode is provided with a diffusion barrier, and wherein the concentration of the certain components is determined by measurement of a limiting current through the electrolyte and across one of the diffusion barriers to the corresponding anode or cathode.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 00674 Sec。 371日期1994年8月2日 102(e)日期1994年8月2日PCT提交1993年7月31日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 04911号公报 日本3月3日,1994.用于确定内燃机废气中某些组分(包括氧气或可燃组分)如烃,氢气和一氧化碳的浓度的极谱传感器包括具有阳极, 阴极和设置在阳极和阴极之间的氧离子传导固体电解质,其中阴极设置有扩散阻挡层,其中阳极设置有扩散阻挡层,并且其中某些组分的浓度通过测量确定 限制电流通过电解质,并穿过一个扩散屏障到相应的阳极或阴极。

    Resistance probe for determining gas compositions and method of
producing it
    20.
    发明授权
    Resistance probe for determining gas compositions and method of producing it 失效
    用于确定气体成分的电阻探针及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US5334350A

    公开(公告)日:1994-08-02

    申请号:US861810

    申请日:1992-06-19

    CPC分类号: G01N27/12

    摘要: A resistance probe is proposed for detecting gas compositions, particularly in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. This resistance probe has the advantage over prior art resistance probes that, with a short response time, it is considerably more aging resistant. This is accomplished in that the resistance layer configured as a semiconductor layer is introduced or sintered into recesses or slits provided for this purpose in the prefabricated sensor carrier body and above it is applied a porous, electrically non-conductive engobe or a protective layer structure in the form of a grid or raster. These measures enable the measuring gas to gain access to the semiconductor layer, but the semiconductor layer is simultaneously protected against corrosive, erosive and/or cavitative attacks from the exhaust gas.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00909 Sec。 371日期:1992年6月19日 102(e)日期1992年6月19日PCT提交1990年11月24日PCT公布。 出版物WO91 / 09301 日期:1991年6月27日。提出了用于检测气体组成的电阻探针,特别是在内燃机的废气中。 该电阻探针具有优于现有技术的电阻探针的优点,其具有较短的响应时间,其耐老化性更强。 这是通过将构造为半导体层的电阻层引入或烧结到预制传感器载体本体中为此而设置的凹部或狭缝中,并且在其上施加多孔,非导电性或者保护层结构 网格或栅格的形式。 这些措施使得测量气体能够进入半导体层,但同时保护半导体层免受来自废气的腐蚀性,侵蚀性和/或空穴化攻击。