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公开(公告)号：US06409311B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-25
申请号：US09718476
申请日：2000-11-24
申请人： Arthur M. Gooray , George J. Roller , Joseph M. Crowley , Paul C. Galambos , Frank J. Peter , Kevin R. Zavadil , Richard C. Givler
发明人： Arthur M. Gooray , George J. Roller , Joseph M. Crowley , Paul C. Galambos , Frank J. Peter , Kevin R. Zavadil , Richard C. Givler
IPC分类号： B41J204
CPC分类号： B41J2/14314
摘要： A bi-directional fluid ejector according to the systems and methods of this invention operates on the principle of electrostatic attraction. In various exemplary embodiments, the fluid ejector includes a sealed dual diaphragm arrangement, an electrode arrangement that is parallel and opposite to the sealed diaphragms, and a structure which contains the fluid to be ejected. A diaphragm chamber containing a relatively incompressible fluid is situated behind, and is sealed by, the diaphragms. At least one nozzle hole is formed in a faceplate of the ejector over one of the diaphragms. A drive signal is applied to at least one electrode of the electrode arrangement to generate an electrostatic field between the electrode and a first one of the diaphragms. The first diaphragm is attracted towards the electrode by an electrostatic force into a deformed shape due to the electrostatic field. Upon deforming, pressure is transmitted to a second one of the sealed diaphragms. The transmitted pressure and the relatively incompressible nature of the fluid contained within the sealed diaphragm chamber causes the second diaphragm to deflect in the opposite direction to force fluid through at least one of the at least one nozzle hole. After a drop is ejected, the movement is reversed, either through normal resilient restoration actions of the deformed diaphragm and/or through an applied force.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的系统和方法的双向流体喷射器基于静电吸引的原理进行操作。 在各种示例性实施例中，流体喷射器包括密封的双隔膜装置，与密封隔膜平行和相对的电极装置，以及包含要喷射的流体的结构。 包含相对不可压缩流体的隔膜室位于隔膜的后面并被隔膜密封。 在喷射器的面板中的一个隔膜上形成至少一个喷嘴孔。 将驱动信号施加到电极装置的至少一个电极，以在电极和第一隔膜之间产生静电场。 第一隔膜由于静电场而被静电力吸引到变形的形状中。 在变形时，压力被传递到密封隔膜中的第二个。 包含在密封隔膜室内的流体的透过压力和相对不可压缩的性质导致第二隔膜在相反方向上偏转以迫使流体通过至少一个喷嘴孔中的至少一个。 在液滴被弹出之后，运动通过变形膜片的正常弹性恢复动作和/或通过施加的力来反转。
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公开(公告)号：US06440252B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09465801
申请日：1999-12-17
IPC分类号： G02F1167
CPC分类号： G09F9/372 , G02B26/026
摘要： Methods and systems consistent with the present invention can be used to assemble composite rotatable-element components and can be used to form a laminate substrate system, and use a plurality of rotatable-element components or rotatable-element component material of two classes. Each class is defined by a common response or responses to incident electromagnetic radiation of interest. The method for assembling a composite rotatable-element component comprises: dispersing a plurality of rotatable-element components of a first class to first preferred positions on a first carrier; dispersing a plurality of rotatable-element components of a second class to second preferred positions on a second carrier; performing a first manipulation of the first carrier and the second carrier such that one of the plurality of rotatable-element components of a first class and one of the plurality of rotatable-element components of a second class touch at a first contact point; and performing a second manipulation of the rotatable-element components that touch such that they bond to form a composite rotatable-element component. The method for assembling a laminate substrate further comprises: performing a third manipulation of the first carrier and the second carrier such that they touch at a set of second contact points; and performing a fourth manipulation of the first carrier and the second carrier such that they bond to form the laminate substrate.
摘要翻译： 可以使用与本发明一致的方法和系统来组装复合可旋转元件组件，并且可以用于形成层压基板系统，并且使用两种类型的多个可旋转元件部件或可旋转元件部件材料。 每个课程都由对感兴趣的入射电磁辐射的共同响应或响应定义。 用于组装复合可旋转元件部件的方法包括：将第一类的多个可旋转元件部件分散到第一载体上的第一优选位置; 将第二类的多个可旋转元件部件分散到第二载体上的第二优选位置; 对所述第一载体和所述第二载体进行第一操作，使得所述第一等级的所述多个可旋转元件部件中的一个和所述多个可旋转元件部件中的一个在第一接触点处接触; 以及对所述可旋转元件部件进行第二操作，所述可旋转元件部件接触使得它们接合以形成复合的可旋转元件部件。 组装层叠基板的方法还包括：对第一载体和第二载体执行第三操作，使得它们接触一组第二接触点; 以及对所述第一载体和所述第二载体进行第四操作，使得它们结合以形成所述层压基板。
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公开(公告)号：US06367915B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09722331
申请日：2000-11-28
申请人： Arthur M. Gooray , George J. Roller , Joseph M. Crowley , Paul C. Galambos , Frank J. Peter , Kevin R. Zavadil , Richard C. Givler
发明人： Arthur M. Gooray , George J. Roller , Joseph M. Crowley , Paul C. Galambos , Frank J. Peter , Kevin R. Zavadil , Richard C. Givler
IPC分类号： B41J204
CPC分类号： B41J2/14314
摘要： An electrostatic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based fluid ejector comprises a movable piston structure and a stationary faceplate. A fluid chamber is defined between the piston structure and a substrate. The piston structure 110 may be resiliently mounted on the substrate by one or more spring elements. A fluid to be ejected is supplied in the fluid chamber from a fluid reservoir through a fluid refill hole formed in the substrate. The faceplate includes a nozzle hole through which a fluid jet or drop is ejected. In various exemplary embodiments, the piston structure moves towards the faceplate by electrostatic attraction between the piston structure and the faceplate. As a result of the movement of the piston structure, a portion of the fluid between the piston structure and the faceplate is forced out of the nozzle hole, forming a jet or drop of the fluid.
摘要翻译： 基于静电微机电系统（MEMS）的流体喷射器包括可移动活塞结构和固定面板。 流体室限定在活塞结构和基底之间。 活塞结构110可以通过一个或多个弹簧元件弹性地安装在基底上。 待流出的液体从流体储存器通过形成在衬底中的流体填充孔供应到流体室中。 面板包括喷嘴孔，流体喷射或液滴通过喷嘴孔排出。 在各种示例性实施例中，活塞结构通过活塞结构和面板之间的静电吸引而向面板移动。 作为活塞结构的运动的结果，活塞结构和面板之间的一部分流体被迫从喷嘴孔流出，形成流体的喷射或液滴。
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公开(公告)号：US5808783A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US713936
申请日：1996-09-13
申请人： Joseph M. Crowley
发明人： Joseph M. Crowley
CPC分类号： G09F9/372 , G02B26/026
摘要： A gyricon or twisting-ball display having superior reflectance characteristics comparing favorably with those of white paper. The display is based on a material made up of optically anisotropic particles, such as bichromal balls, disposed in a substrate having a surface. The particles situated closest to the substrate surface form substantially a single layer. Each particle in the layer has a center point, no particle in the layer being disposed entirely behind the center point of any nearest neighboring particle in the layer with respect to the substrate surface. Each particle in the layer has a projected area with respect to the substrate surface. Particles of the set are sufficiently closely packed with respect to one another in the layer that the union of their projected areas exceeds two-thirds of the area of the substrate surface. A rotatable disposition of each particle is achievable while the particle is thus disposed in the substrate; for example, the particles can already be rotatable in the substrate, or can be rendered rotatable in the substrate by a nondestructive operation. In particular, the particles can be situated in an elastomer substrate that is expanded by application of a fluid thereto so as to render the particles rotatable therein. A particle, when in its rotatable disposition, is not attached to the substrate. A reflective-mode display apparatus can be constructed from a piece of the material together with a mechanism (e.g., addressing electrodes) for facilitating rotation of at least one of the particles.
摘要翻译： 具有优异的反射特性的陀螺仪或扭球显示器与白皮书的优点相比。 显示器基于由光学各向异性颗粒（例如双色球）组成的材料，其布置在具有表面的基板中。 位于最靠近衬底表面的颗粒基本上形成单层。 层中的每个颗粒具有中心点，层中的任何颗粒完全位于该层中相对于基底表面的任何最邻近的颗粒的中心点之后。 层中的每个颗粒相对于基底表面具有投影面积。 该组的颗粒在它们的投影区域的结合超过衬底表面的面积的三分之二的层中相对于彼此充分紧密地堆叠。 可以实现每个颗粒的可旋转布置，同时颗粒因此设置在基板中; 例如，颗粒可以已经可以在基板中旋转，或者可以通过非破坏性操作在基板中转动。 特别地，颗粒可以位于通过向其施加流体而膨胀以使颗粒在其中可旋转的弹性体基底中。 当颗粒处于其可旋转的位置时，未附着到基底上。 反射型显示装置可以由一块材料与一个用于促进至少一个颗粒的旋转的机构（例如，寻址电极）构成。
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公开(公告)号：US5754332A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-19
申请号：US713935
申请日：1996-09-13
申请人： Joseph M. Crowley
发明人： Joseph M. Crowley
CPC分类号： G02B26/026 , G09F9/372
摘要： A gyricon or twisting-ball display having superior reflectance characteristics comparing favorably with those of white paper. The display is based on a material made up of optically anisotropic particles, such as bichromal balls, disposed substantially in a monolayer in a substrate. The particles are closely packed with respect to one another in the monolayer, preferably so that adjacent particle surfaces are as close to one another as possible. A rotatable disposition of each particle is achievable while the particle is thus disposed in the substrate; for example, the particles can already be rotatable in the substrate, or can be rendered rotatable in the substrate by a nondestructive operation performed on the substrate. In particular, the particles can be situated in an elastomer substrate that is expanded by application of a fluid thereto so as to render the particles rotatable therein. A particle, when in its rotatable disposition, is not attached to the substrate. A reflective-mode display apparatus can be constructed from a piece of the material together a mechanism (e.g., addressing electrodes) for facilitating rotation of at least one of the particles. The light reflected from the display is reflected substantially entirely from the monolayer of balls, so that lower layers are not needed. By eliminating the lower layers, the display can be made thinner, which in turn provides further advantages, such as lower drive voltage and better resolution due to better control of fringing fields.
摘要翻译： 具有优异的反射特性的陀螺仪或扭球显示器与白皮书的优点相比。 显示器基于由光学各向异性颗粒组成的材料，例如基本上设置在基板中的单层中的双重色球。 颗粒在单层中相对于彼此紧密堆积，优选地使得相邻的颗粒表面尽可能接近彼此。 可以实现每个颗粒的可旋转布置，同时颗粒因此设置在基板中; 例如，颗粒可以在衬底中可以旋转，或者可以通过在衬底上进行的非破坏性操作而在衬底中转动。 特别地，颗粒可以位于通过向其施加流体而膨胀以使颗粒在其中可旋转的弹性体基底中。 当颗粒处于其可旋转的位置时，未附着到基底上。 反射型显示装置可以由一块材料一起构成用于促进至少一个颗粒的旋转的机构（例如，寻址电极）。 从显示器反射的光基本上完全从单层球反射，使得不需要较低层。 通过消除下层，可以使显示器变得更薄，这又提供了进一步的优点，例如由于更好地控制边缘场而导致较低的驱动电压和更好的分辨率。
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