摘要:
A driving support apparatus has a display mounted in a vehicle, a driving information receiving unit receiving a steering angle of a steering wheel of the vehicle, and a control unit. The control unit produces a vehicle figure imitating a shape of the vehicle and a tire figure imitating a shape of a tire of the vehicle in a bird's-eye view, calculates a predicted running locus of the vehicle, detects positions of portions of an obstacle facing the vehicle one after another, and controls the display to display a driving support image including the vehicle figure, the tire figure, the running locus and obstacle detecting marks indicating the positions of the obstacle while changing a direction of the tire figure with respect to the vehicle figure according to the steering angle. A driver recognizes a turning rate of the vehicle from the direction of the tire figure.
摘要:
An optical element has a diffraction grating pattern formed on a double refracting thin plate around a centrally-disposed region of a desired shape. The diffraction grating pattern is composed of equally spaced ion exchange regions each having a predetermined width, a predetermined length and a predetermined thickness in the direction of optical axis of incident light thereon and dielectric films each formed all over the top surface of one of the ion exchange region. The thicknesses of each ion exchange region and each dielectric film are selected such that the diffraction grating pattern allows the passage therethrough of an ordinary ray and inhibit the passage therethrough of a zero-order diffracted wave of an extraordinary ray. The optical element permits implementation of an easy-to-handle optical pickup that facilitates miniaturization of the playback system.