摘要:
There is disclosed a heating element 10 comprising: at least a heat-resistant base member 1; a conductive layer 3 having a heater pattern 3a formed on the heat-resistant base member; a protection layer 4 with an insulating property formed on the conductive layer; and a corrosion-resistant layer 4p having a nitrogen gas permeability of 1×10−2 cm2/sec or less or being made of a compound containing a dopant formed on the protection layer 4. There can be provided a heating element in which a corrosion-resistant layer whose nitrogen gas permeability, resistivity, or hardness are controlled is formed on a protection layer and through which the corrosive gas is difficult to be transmitted even under an environment of a high temperature and a corrosive gas and by which degradation due to corrosion of a conductive layer, particularly, a power-supply-terminal portion can be avoided and additionally which can fulfill a high function as an electrostatic chuck even when having a chuck pattern and which has a long operation life and is capable of being produced at a low cost.
摘要:
A changeable model flight toy which can simulate the takeoff and landing attitudes and flight attitudes at low cost in accordance with different types of airplanes is provided. A plurality of airplane bodies having different outer appearance forms which can be maintained for a long period of time are interchangeably mounted on an inner sleeve. A changeable model flight toy 100 characterized by a flight operation unit 120 which is incorporated within airplane bodies 110, 210 is disclosed. A takeoff and landing control panel 130 hoists and lowers the flight operation unit 120 while bearing the unit 120. The airplane body 110, 210 comprises a nose side body 110A, 210A including the main wing 112, 212 and a tail assembly side body 110B, 210B including the tail assembly 115, 215. The nose side body 110A, 210A and the tail assembly side body 110B, 210B of the airplane body 110, 210 are respectively detachably fitted from the nose side position and the tail assembly side position of the inner sleeve 140 which incorporates the flight operation unit 120 and surrounds it.
摘要:
There is disclosed a vessel for pretreatment of elementary analysis wherein the vessel is a ceramic vessel produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. And there is disclosed an inductively coupled plasma torch that has at least an induction coil and a nozzle and is used in an apparatus for elementary analysis by ICP method, wherein the nozzle is a ceramic nozzle produced by CVD method. Thus, there can be provided a vessel for pretreatment of elementary analysis that excels in heat resistance and chemical resistance such as acid resistance, and has high purity. There can be also provided an inductively coupled plasma torch used in an apparatus for analysis by ICP method that enables accurate elementary analysis and excels in durability, and an apparatus for elementary analysis by ICP method having this.
摘要:
A first write encoder encodes digital data in a first high density format. A second write encoder encodes digital data in a second low density, i.e. ANSI format. A first read decoder decodes digital data from the first format. A second read decoder decodes digital data from the second format. A disk drive receives a replaceable 90 millimeter optical disk. A read/write head reads encoded data from and writes encoded data to a 90 millimeter optical disk received by the drive. In a first mode, the first encoder is connected between a source of digital data and the read/write head, and the first decoder is connected between the read/write head and utilizing apparatus. In a second mode, the second encoder is connected between the source and the read/write head, and the second decoder is connected between the read/write head and the utilizing apparatus. Control electronics switches between the first and second modes, depending upon the format in which data is recorded on the disk received by the disk drive. An 8/9 GCR encoder and a laser pulse generator are used in the first write encoder to record data on the optical media to increase the storage capacity. Improvement in timing is accomplished with write compensation and signal equalization.
摘要:
In a CAE system for preparing a transmission network for a mechanical system, a connection of components retrieving and processing portion fetches graphic data concerning the mechanical system from a graphic data memory portion, retrieves connection relationships between respective components, and prepares connection data which are stored in a connection data memory portion. The graphic data includes form data specifying the physical configuration of the components of the mechanical system. A transmission network can be automatically prepared based on the form data. The graphic data for each component of the mechanical system can be supplied by a CAD, or a form data input portion can be employed. The graphic data and the connection data are supplied to an operation processing portion, which calculates the load applied to a driving source by the mechanical system. The CAE system may include a sliding connection retrieving and processing portion, which receives the connection data and detects whether the mechanical system includes a sliding portion. If so, the load imposed by the sliding portion is calculated. The resultant calculation is supplied to the operation processing portion, where the total load applied to the driving source is calculated.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for retrieving densely stored data from various types of magnetic media. A medium is scanned to provide an input signal. The input signal is conditioned through differentiation, equalization and partial integration. Positive and negative signal peak detectors are connected to the conditioned signal, and a threshold signal is generating corresponding to an average or midpoint of the measured positive and negative signal peaks. An output signal is generated by comparing the conditioned signal and the threshold signal. The DC component of the input signal is accounted for by feeding back the output signal and adjusting the threshold signal based on the duty cycle of the output signal.
摘要:
Proposed is a novel vessel such as crucibles made from PBN (pyrolytic boron nitride), which is highly resistant against exfoliation of the surface layer and suitable for use, for example, as a container of the melt in the Czochralski single crystal growing of III-V Group compound semiconductor single crystals with an improvement in the serviceable life. The PBN-made vessel of the invention is characterized by specific values of several parameters including density, which should be in the range from 1.90 to 2.05 g/cm.sup.3, intensity ratio of the X-ray diffraction peaks representing the degree of orientation, heat conductivity coefficient and the like. The above mentioned advantageous serviceable life of the vessel can be obtained only when these parameter values are satisfied.
摘要翻译:提出了一种新型容器,例如由PBN(热解氮化硼)制成的坩埚,其耐表面层的剥离具有高度抗性,并且适用于例如在Czochralski单晶生长中的熔体的容器, V组化合物半导体单晶,使用寿命有所提高。 本发明的PBN制造的容器的特征在于几个参数的具体值,包括密度,其值应在1.90至2.05g / cm 3的范围内,表示取向度,导热性的X射线衍射峰的强度比 系数等。 只有满足这些参数值,才能获得上述有利的使用寿命。
摘要:
Proposed is an improved double-layered ceramic heater consisting of an insulating ceramic base plate and two patterned resistance heater element layers formed on both surfaces of the base plate. The improvement comprises forming the patterned heater element layers in such a fashion that the gap space of the heater element layer on one surface, where no heat is evolved by energizing, is opposite face-to-face with the complementary heat-evolving area of the heater element layer on the other surface of the base plate so as to improve uniformity of the temperature distribution over the whole surface of the ceramic heater.
摘要:
A pyrolytic boron nirtride double container for a source of molecular beams used in molecular beam epitaxy, wherein the transmissivity of an inner container of the pyrolytic boron nitride double container with respect to light having a wave number of 2600 cm−1 to 6500 cm−1 is 90% or less of that of an outer container. The pyrolytic boron nitride double container, which enables molecular beams to generate stably with good temperature controllability and high heat efficiency and which can be used in a stable manner, is provided through a simple process and at low cost, so that molecular beam epitaxial growth can be stabilized, quality of the epitaxial film can be improved, and even though the rise and drop in the temperature of the material melt is repeated, or even at an emergency suspension of the operation, the trouble due to breakage of the container can be prevented.
摘要:
An optical disk includes a plurality of tracks that are arranged in a predetermined number of zones. Each track is divided into a plurality of sectors. The sector number is different in each zone. The sector increases in number moving outwardly on the disk. The optical disk also includes a format marking. The format marking includes a sector field for each sector. The format marking is erasably recorded.