公开(公告)号：US06996137B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-07

申请号：US10119462

申请日：2002-08-06

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  David S. Sumida

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  David S. Sumida

IPC分类号： H01S3/11 ,  H01S3/16

CPC分类号： H01S3/113 ,  H01S3/061 ,  H01S3/0617 ,  H01S3/094084 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S3/1623 ,  H01S3/1643 ,  H01S3/1681

摘要： A solid state, laser light control device (20, 30) and material (10), and methods of producing same. The device (20, 30) and material (10) consist essentially of a host material (14) which contains: a dopant species (16) at a first valence state (a), the concentration of which increases with distance from the surface (18); and the same dopant species (16) at a second valence state (b), the concentration which decreases with distance from the surface (18). The method comprises the steps of: obtaining a doped solid state material (14); exposing the solid state material (14) to elevated temperature, for a period of time, in an oxidizing or reducing atmosphere. The elevated temperature and time of exposure are selected to change the valence state (a) of the dopant (16) in direct proportion to distance from the surface (18) of the solid state material (16). What is thereby produced is a solid state device (20, 30) in which the concentration of the dopant 16 at the second valence state (b) decreases with radius, the concentration of the dopant (16) at the first valence state (a) increases with radius, and the sum of these concentrations remains constant.

摘要翻译： 固态激光控制装置（20,30）和材料（10）及其制造方法。 装置（20,30）和材料（10）基本上由主体材料（14）组成，其包含：处于第一价态（a）的掺杂剂物质（16），其浓度随距离表面的距离而增加 18）; 和与第二价态（b）相同的掺杂剂物质（16），其浓度随距表面18的距离而减小。 该方法包括以下步骤：获得掺杂固体材料（14）; 在氧化或还原气氛中将固态材料（14）暴露于升高的温度一段时间。 选择升高的温度和曝光时间以与固态材料（16）的表面（18）的距离成正比的方式改变掺杂剂（16）的化合价态（a）。 由此产生的是固态装置（20,30），其中第二价态（b）的掺杂剂16的浓度随着半径而减小，掺杂剂（16）处于第一价态（a）的浓度， 半径增加，这些浓度的总和保持不变。

公开(公告)号：US06567452B2

公开(公告)日：2003-05-20

申请号：US09862956

申请日：2001-05-22

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  David F. Rock ,  Cheng-Chih Tsai

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  David F. Rock ,  Cheng-Chih Tsai

IPC分类号： H01S314

CPC分类号： H01S3/09415 ,  H01S3/0606 ,  H01S3/0612 ,  H01S3/0617 ,  H01S3/094084

摘要： A concentrator including a volume of at least partially transmissive material and a plurality of facets disposed at at least one surface thereof. Each of the facets is disposed at a position dependent angle relative to the surface effective to cause an internal reflection of energy applied to the layer whereby the density of the applied energy varies as a function of position. In the illustrative implementation, the volume is an active medium, i.e., a slab. The slab has substantially parallel, planar upper and lower surfaces and first and second edges therebetween. A plurality of cladding layers are disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the slab. The facets are provided in the cladding layers on the upper and lower surfaces of the slab and angled as a function of distance relative to the first or the second edge. The facets provide a Fresnel reflecting surface or a binary optic surface.

摘要翻译： 一种集中器，包括至少部分透射材料的体积和设置在其至少一个表面上的多个小面。 每个小面相对于表面以相对于角度的位置设置，有效地引起施加到层的能量的内部反射，由此所施加的能量的密度作为位置的函数而变化。 在说明性实施中，体积是活性介质，即板坯。 板坯具有基本上平行的平面上表面和下表面以及其间的第一和第二边缘。 多个包覆层设置在板坯的上表面和下表面上。 小面设置在板坯的上表面和下表面上的包覆层中，并且作为相对于第一或第二边缘的距离的函数而成角度。 面提供了菲涅耳反射表面或二元光学表面。

公开(公告)号：US4812639A

公开(公告)日：1989-03-14

申请号：US810808

申请日：1985-12-19

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  David A. Rockwell

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  David A. Rockwell

IPC分类号： G01C15/00 ,  F41G9/00 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G02F1/35 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/101 ,  G02F1/00

CPC分类号： G01B11/27

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing a laser beam that is automatically aligned with a substantially rigid, stabilized platform or frame that can be oriented over a wide angular range, such as by the gimbals of a laser pointing and tracking system. A single-transverse-mode master laser oscillator 12 is mounted on the stabilized platform 13 which is part of the inner gimbal, which can be rotated about an elevation axis 16, and a multipass laser amplifier 21 wiht a phase conjugation mirror 22 and an optional nonlinear frequency-conversion device 20 are located off the inner gimbal. An outer gimbal or pedestal mount permits rotation about an azimuthal axis 17. The laser oscillator 12 and laser amplifier 21 are coupled by means of a beamsplitter 15 and two reflecting elements 18 and 19. The laser media used for the oscillator 12 and amplifier 21 are either the same, or compatible media having the same wavelength. In an alternative embodiment the two reflecting elements are replaced by a flexible ligh waveguide such as a glass fiber. The phase conjugation mirror 22 compensates the beam for the effects of optical aberrations caused by thermally induced changes in the amplifier medium and the nonlinear medium (if used) and also compensates the beam for angular tilt and jitter in the beam line of sight due to structural flexibility and motion of the stabilized platform. Four different embodiments are described in which the phase conjunction mirror is based on stimulated Brillouin scattering, degenerate four-wave mixing, three-wave mixing, and photon echo effects, respectively.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于提供激光束的方法和装置，其自动地与可以在宽角度范围（例如通过激光瞄准和跟踪系统的万向面）定向的基本上刚性稳定的平台或框架对准。 单横模式主激光振荡器12安装在稳定平台13上，稳定平台13是可以围绕仰角16旋转的内万向架的一部分，以及多相激光放大器21，其具有相位共轭反射镜22和可选 非线性频率转换装置20位于内部万向节之外。 外部万向节或基座安装允许围绕方位轴线17旋转。激光振荡器12和激光放大器21通过分束器15和两个反射元件18和19耦合。用于振荡器12和放大器21的激光介质是 相同或兼容的介质具有相同的波长。 在替代实施例中，两个反射元件被诸如玻璃纤维之类的柔性多孔波导代替。 相位共轭反射镜22补偿光束对放大器介质和非线性介质（如果使用）中的热诱导变化引起的光学像差的影响，并且还补偿光束由于结构而在光束视线中的角度倾斜和抖动 稳定平台的灵活性和运动性。 描述了四个不同的实施例，其中相位镜分别基于受激布里渊散射，简并四波混频，三波混频和光子回波效应。

公开(公告)号：US4798462A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-17

申请号：US811793

申请日：1985-12-20

申请人： Robert W. Byren

发明人： Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： F41G3/00 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G02B26/10 ,  G02F1/35 ,  G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/00 ,  G01B11/26

CPC分类号： G01B11/27

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing a self-aligning phase conjugate laser beam that is automatically boresighted with an active or passive tracking sensor. A single-transverse-mode laser oscillator 12 and a tracking sensor 14 are mounted on opposite sides of an output coupling beamsplitter 15, all attached to a stabilized platform 13 which is part of the inner gimbal of a pointing and tracking system. A multipass laser amplifier 21 with a phase conjugation mirror 22 and an optional nonlinear frequency-conversion device 20 are located off the inner gimbal. The inner gimbal allows rotation of the stabilized platform about an elevation axis 16, and an outer gimbal or pedestal mount permits rotation about an azimuthal axis 17. The phase conjugation mirror 22 compensates the beam for the effects of optical aberrations caused by thermally induced changes in the amplifier medium and the nonlinear medium (if used) and also compensates the beam for angular tilt and jitter in the beam line of sight due to structural flexibility and motion of the stabilized platform. Part of the oscillator output passes through the beamsplitter to the tracking sensor to mark the far-field location of the amplified output beam. The tracking sensor also views a target image after it is reflected by the beamsplitter. The tracking system measures the angular displacement between the target aimpoint and the locus of the output beam as marked by the oscillator and generates tracking error signals which are used to close a servomechanical feedback loop around the gimbal orientation apparatus. Pointing errors resulting from misalignment of the oscillator, the tracking sensor, and the beamsplitter are compensated by this technique.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于提供自动对准相位共轭激光束的方法和装置，该自对准相位共轭激光束由主动或被动跟踪传感器自动瞄准。 单横模激光振荡器12和跟踪传感器14安装在输出耦合分束器15的相对侧上，全部连接到稳定的平台13，该稳定平台13是指向和跟踪系统的内部万向节的一部分。 具有相位共轭反射镜22和可选的非线性频率转换装置20的多路径激光放大器21位于内万向架外。 内部万向架允许稳定平台围绕高度轴16旋转，并且外部万向架或基座安装件允许围绕方位角轴线17旋转。相位共轭反射镜22补偿光束对由热诱导的变化引起的光学像差的影响 放大器介质和非线性介质（如果使用），并且还由于稳定平台的结构灵活性和运动而补偿光束在束视线中的角度倾斜和抖动。 振荡器输出的一部分通过分束器传送到跟踪传感器，以标记放大的输出光束的远场位置。 跟踪传感器在被分光镜反射之后也可以观察目标图像。 跟踪系统测量由振荡器标记的目标瞄准点和输出光束轨迹之间的角位移，并产生跟踪误差信号，用于关闭万向方向装置周围的伺服机械反馈回路。 通过这种技术补偿由振荡器，跟踪传感器和分束器的未对准引起的指向误差。

公开(公告)号：US4717822A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-05

申请号：US892558

申请日：1986-08-04

申请人： Robert W. Byren

发明人： Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： F41G7/22 ,  F42B15/01 ,  G01S3/78 ,  G02B26/10 ,  G02B27/17 ,  G01J1/20

CPC分类号： F41G7/2293 ,  F41G7/2213 ,  F41G7/2246 ,  F41G7/2253 ,  F42B15/01 ,  G02B26/10

摘要： A pair of rotating gimbals (12, 14) independently nutate and precess the line-of-sight (24) of a sensor (22) to generate a rosette pattern (26).

摘要翻译： 一对旋转万向节（12,14）独立地驱动并传播传感器（22）的视线（24）以产生玫瑰花纹图案（26）。

公开(公告)号：US08284490B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-09

申请号：US12874919

申请日：2010-09-02

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  Vijay Murgai ,  Vladimir V. Shkunov ,  Michael Ushinsky

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  Vijay Murgai ,  Vladimir V. Shkunov ,  Michael Ushinsky

IPC分类号： G02B1/10 ,  H01Q15/02 ,  H01Q15/24

CPC分类号： G02B1/007 ,  F42B10/46 ,  G02B27/0025

摘要： An optical window may be configured to minimize optical aberrations. The optical window may include a laminous optical window assembly. The laminous optical window assembly may have four or more alternating layers of positive refraction material layers and negative refraction material layers. The four or more alternating layers may be configured to minimize refraction of electromagnetic rays propagating therethrough such that a given incident electromagnetic ray is substantially collinear with a corresponding transmitted electromagnetic ray.

摘要翻译： 可以将光学窗口配置为最小化光学像差。 光学窗口可以包括层叠光学窗口组件。 叠层光学窗组件可以具有四个或更多个正折射材料层和负折射材料层的交替层。 四个或更多个交替层可以被配置为最小化在其中传播的电磁射线的折射，使得给定的入射电磁射线基本上与相应的透射电磁射线共线。

公开(公告)号：US07663090B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-16

申请号：US12228564

申请日：2008-08-14

申请人： Robert W. Byren

发明人： Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： H01L31/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/6911

摘要： A biasing circuit for a photodiode. The novel biasing circuit includes a first system for setting a reference gain threshold, a second system for setting an operating gain threshold, and a third system for adjusting a bias of the photodiode until a ratio of the operating gain threshold to the reference gain threshold is equal to a predetermined factor Z. In an illustrative embodiment, the reference gain threshold corresponds to a given probability of an output of the photodiode crossing the reference gain threshold when the photodiode is operating at a reference gain bias, and the operating gain threshold corresponds to a given probability of the photodiode output crossing the operating gain threshold when the photodiode is operating at an operating gain bias. The predetermined factor Z is a ratio of noise at a desired operating gain of the photodiode to noise at the reference gain of the photodiode.

摘要翻译： 用于光电二极管的偏置电路。 新型偏置电路包括用于设定参考增益阈值的第一系统，用于设定运行增益阈值的第二系统和用于调整光电二极管的偏置的第三系统，直到运行增益阈值与参考增益阈值的比率为 等于预定的因子Z.在说明性实施例中，当光电二极管以参考增益偏置工作时，参考增益阈值对应于光电二极管与参考增益阈值的输出的给定概率，并且操作增益阈值对应于 当光电二极管工作在工作增益偏置时，光电二极管输出的给定概率与工作增益阈值相交。 预定因子Z是在光电二极管的参考增益下，光电二极管的期望工作增益的噪声与噪声的比值。

公开(公告)号：US20080017785A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-24

申请号：US11489000

申请日：2006-07-19

申请人： Robert W. Byren

发明人： Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： H01L31/00 ,  H01J40/14 ,  G01J1/44 ,  H03F3/08

CPC分类号： H04B10/6911

摘要： A system for setting the bias of a device. The novel bias setting system includes a first system for determining a ratio between noise at an operating gain of the device and noise at a reference gain of the device, and a second system for adjusting the bias until that ratio is equal to a predetermined factor Z. The reference gain is the unity gain or reach-through gain of the device. In an illustrative embodiment, the first system is adapted to measure the noise at operating gain by determining an operating gain threshold, and measure the noise at the reference gain by determining a reference gain threshold. The second system then adjusts the bias until the ratio of the operating gain threshold to the reference gain threshold is equal to the predetermined factor Z.

公开(公告)号：US07133427B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-07

申请号：US10666176

申请日：2003-09-19

申请人： Alexander A. Betin ,  Robin A. Reeder ,  Robert W. Byren

发明人： Alexander A. Betin ,  Robin A. Reeder ,  Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： H01S3/10 ,  H01S3/098 ,  H01S3/08 ,  G06K9/08

CPC分类号： H01S3/2333 ,  H01S3/005 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S3/10076 ,  H01S3/2316

摘要： A spatial filter adapted to increase the angular spread of non-conjugated energy in a beam and suppress this energy to improve the efficiency of a phase conjugate system. In the illustrative embodiment, the filter includes first and second lenses and an aberrator to increase the angular spread. In the specific embodiment, an opaque plate, with a pinhole aperture therethrough, is sandwiched between the lenses to suppress the non-conjugated energy. The aberrator may be implemented with an amplifier or other suitable mechanism. Likewise, the aperture may be replaced with a highly angle-selective thick Bragg grating or other suitable arrangement. A phase conjugate master oscillator/power amplifier laser architecture is also disclosed. In an illustrative embodiment, the novel architecture includes a master oscillator adapted to output a laser beam; a power amplifier beam line in optical alignment with the beam; a mechanism for creating a beam having phase conjugate energy and non-conjugated energy; and at least one inventive spatial filter in alignment with the amplifier. The inventive filter is adapted to increase the angular spread of non-conjugated energy in a beam and suppress this energy to improve the efficiency of the system. In a specific implementation, the beamline includes plural amplifiers, each with one of the novel spatial filters disposed therebetween.

摘要翻译： 一种空间滤波器，适于增加光束中非共轭能量的角度扩展，并抑制该能量以提高相位共轭系统的效率。 在说明性实施例中，滤光器包括第一透镜和第二透镜以及增大角度扩展的像差器。 在具体实施例中，具有针孔的透明板被夹在透镜之间以抑制非共轭能。 像差仪可以用放大器或其他合适的机构实现。 类似地，孔可以用高角度选择性的布拉格光栅或其他合适的布置代替。 还公开了相位共轭主振荡器/功率放大器激光器架构。 在说明性实施例中，新颖的架构包括适于输出激光束的主振荡器; 与光束对准的功率放大器光束线; 用于产生具有相位共轭能量和非共轭能量的光束的机构; 以及与放大器对准的至少一个本发明的空间滤波器。 本发明的滤波器适于增加光束中非共轭能量的角度扩展，并且抑制该能量以提高系统的效率。 在具体实现中，波束线包括多个放大器，每个放大器之间设置有新的空间滤波器之一。

公开(公告)号：US06849841B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-01

申请号：US09965929

申请日：2001-09-28

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  Alvin F. Trafton

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  Alvin F. Trafton

IPC分类号： G02B26/06 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G01J1/20

CPC分类号： G02B26/06 ,  G02B27/0037

摘要： A beam control system and method. In an illustrative embodiment, the inventive system (500) provides a first beam of electromagnetic energy (503); samples the first beam (503) and provides a second beam (505) in response thereto; detects aberrations in the second beam (505); and corrects aberrations in the first beam (503) in response to the detected aberrations. In a specific implementation, the invention (500) includes a beam director telescope (510) having a primary mirror (516) on which a holographic optical element (518) is disposed. The holographic optical element (518) samples the output high-power beam and provides a sampled beam to a wavefront sensor (520). The wavefront sensor (520) provides signals to an adaptive optics processor (580). The adaptive optics processor (580) analyzes the sampled wavefront, detects aberrations therein and provides a correction signal to an optical phased array (550).

摘要翻译： 梁控制系统及方法。 在说明性实施例中，本发明的系统（500）提供第一电磁能束（503）; 对第一光束（503）进行采样并响应于此提供第二光束（505）; 检测第二光束（505）中的像差; 并且响应于检测到的像差校正第一光束（503）中的像差。 在具体实现中，本发明（500）包括具有主反射镜（516）的光束导向望远镜（510），全息光学元件（518）设置在该主反射镜上。 全息光学元件（518）对输出的高功率光束进行采样，并将采样的光束提供给波前传感器（520）。 波前传感器（520）向自适应光学处理器（580）提供信号。 自适应光学处理器（580）分析采样的波前，检测其中的像差，并向光学相控阵列（550）提供校正信号。