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    Modified redox couple fuel cell cathodes and fuel cells employing same
    24.
    发明授权
    Modified redox couple fuel cell cathodes and fuel cells employing same 失效
    改进的氧化还原对燃料电池阴极和使用其的燃料电池

    公开(公告)号：US06790551B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

    申请号：US10238275

    申请日：2002-09-10

    申请人： Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash K. Dhar ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

    发明人： Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash K. Dhar ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

    IPC分类号： H01M400

    CPC分类号： C01B3/0031 ,  C01B13/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M8/186 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  Y02E60/327

    摘要： Fuel cell oxygen electrodes and instant startup fuel cells employing the oxygen electrode. The oxygen electrodes operate through the mechanism of redox couples which uniquely provide multiple degrees of freedom in selecting the operating voltages available for such fuel cells. Such oxygen electrodes provide the fuel cells in which they are used a “buffer” or “charge” of oxidizer available within the oxygen electrode at all times. The redox couple materials are modified to inhibit dissolution of the materials into the alkaline electrolyte of the fuel cell, and to match the gas phase kinetics of the active redox couple material with its electrochemical kinetics.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池氧电极和采用氧电极的即时启动燃料电池。 氧电极通过氧化还原对的机制进行操作，其唯一地提供了选择可用于这种燃料电池的工作电压的多个自由度。 这样的氧气电极提供燃料电池，其中它们被使用在氧气电极中始终可用的氧化剂的“缓冲”或“充电”。 修饰氧化还原电极材料以抑制材料溶解到燃料电池的碱性电解质中，并使活性氧化还原电阻材料的气相动力学与其电化学动力学相匹配。

    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
    29.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells 失效
    用于碱性可再充电电化学电池的组成和结构上无序的多相氢氧化镍正极

    公开(公告)号：US5637423A

    公开(公告)日：1997-06-10

    申请号：US232782

    申请日：1994-04-20

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxy methyl cellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于碱性可再充电电化学电池的正电极，包括：包含组成和结构上无序的多相氢氧化镍主体基质的材料，其包含至少一种改性剂。 一种用于形成用于碱性可再充电电化学电池的高负载均匀分布的多相基本上无硝酸盐的烧结正电极的方法，所述方法包括：（1）通过形成镍粉，水，羧甲基纤维素粘合剂的浆料来制造烧结的电极材料 ，甲基纤维素粘合剂和聚（环氧乙烷）聚合物; 将浆料铺展在预氧化的穿孔镍基底上; 干燥浆料; 并烧结浆料; （2）使用多次浸渍循环浸渍烧结电极材料以达到高负荷; 和（3）通过将浸渍的烧结体预浸泡在NaOH预浸罐中以基本上除去硝酸盐，将浸渍的烧结物形成为正极材料; 在表面刷洗站中刷涂预浸渍的浸渍烧结物; 对刷洗过的烧结矿进行充电; 对带电的浸渍烧结物进行放电; 冲洗排出的浸渍烧结物; 并干燥漂洗的浸渍烧结物，以完成正极材料的形成。

    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode containing modifiers
    30.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode containing modifiers 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5948564A

    公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

    申请号：US782863

    申请日：1997-01-13

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier chosen from the group consisting of F, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ba, La, Se, Nd, Pr, Y, Co, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sc, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Ru, and Pb. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxymethylcellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading, where each impregnation cycle comprises the steps of: placing the sintered electrode material on a rack; dipping the rack into nickel nitrate; allowing the rack to drip dry; dipping the dried rack into NaOH solution; spraying the rack in a first tank with deionized water overflowing from a second tank; dipping the rack in the second tank filled with deionized water overflowing from a third tank; dipping the rack in the third tank filling with deionized water at a rate of 8-10 gpm; drying the rack; and flipping the rack to attain uniform deposition of material; where in the median dip cycle and in the final dip cycle of the multiple impregnation cycles, the step of dipping the rack into nickel nitrate is replaced by a step of dipping the rack into cobalt nitrate to produce an enriched cobalt surface; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.