摘要:
An electronic device manufacturing method comprises forming an insulating film above a substrate, forming a to-be-filled region which includes at least one of an interconnection groove and a hole in the insulating film, forming a first conductive film containing a catalyst metal which accelerates electroless plating, so as to line an internal surface of the to-be-filled region, forming a second conductive film on the first conductive film by the electroless plating, so as to line the internal surface of the to-be-filled region via the first conductive film, and forming a third conductive film on the second conductive film by electroplating, so as to fill the to-be-filled region via the first conductive film and the second conductive film.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide novel squarylium compounds having the spectroscopic properties, light resistance, solubility and thermal decomposition properties suitable for a recording material for DVD-R, and optical recording media using the same. More particularly, the present invention provides novel squarylium compounds represented by the general formula (I). In addition, the present invention provides optical recording media having a recording layer containing said squarylium compound.
摘要:
An electrically erasable and programmable read only memory device unavoidably creates weak electric field between control electrodes and drain nodes of non-selected floating gate type field effect transistors connected to either selected word or bit line in an erasing/programming operation; however, the direction of the electric field is changed during the erasing/programming operation so as to prevent the non-selected floating gate type field effect transistors from disturbing phenomenon.
摘要:
In the formulae, R.sup.1 represents alkyl; and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and X independently represent halogen. The present invention relates to a method for producing 3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1, 2-dione of general formula (II) by hydrolyzing 3-alkoxy-2, 2, 4, 4-tetrahalogenocyclobutanone derivative of general formula (I).
摘要:
There are described a novel squarylium compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## and an optical information recording medium using the squarylium compound in the recording layer.
摘要:
A wobble plate type compressor is disclosed which includes a compressor housing having a plurality of cylinders and a crank chamber adjacent the cylinders therein. A reciprocative piston is slidably fitted within each of the cylinders. A drive mechanism is coupled to the pistons. The drive mechanism includes a drive shaft which is rotatably supported in an opening of a front end plate and extends into the compressor housing. The drive shaft is supported by a radial bearing. The drive shaft is attached on to an end surface of a cam rotor at an inclindation angle .theta..sub.1 and rotates therewith. The angle .theta..sub.1 is determined so that under severe operating conditions the interior surface of the radial bearing and the exterior surface of the drive shaft are uniformly contacted with each other to prevent damages due to partial contact. In alternative embodiments, the radial bearing is formed with a conical inner surface to insure uniform contact between it and the exterior surface of the drive shaft.
摘要:
A sleeve stroke SSt of a specific sleeve is gradually increased from “0” (after t1) in a state in which a vehicle is stopped, a transmission is in a neutral state (all sleeve strokes SSt=0 (original position)), a clutch is in a disengaged state (clutch stroke CSt=0 (original position)), and an engine is operating (engine rotational speed NE>0). Upon determination that the sleeve stroke SSt has reached a predetermined value A, at which synchronization operation of a corresponding synchronization mechanism is performed, the sleeve stroke SSt is fixed to the predetermined value A, and an operation of increasing the clutch stroke CSt from “0” in a press engagement direction is started (time t2). An engagement start point CStlearn of the clutch is obtained based on a change in the rotational speed Ni of an input shaft Ai of the transmission after that (time t3).
摘要:
A control apparatus for an automated manual transmission having a plurality of power transmitting units respectively including clutches for connecting and disconnecting a power transmission path between a power source and the automated manual transmission and transmission mechanisms connected to the corresponding clutches so as to transmit a power of the power source, includes a clutch temperature calculating means for calculating a temperature of each of the clutches, and a vehicle moving start controlling means for controlling a moving start of the vehicle so that when the temperature of one of the clutches, calculated by means of the clutch temperature calculating means, is equal to or higher than a predetermined usage restriction threshold value, the other one of the clutches is used so as to transmit the power of the power source to the other one of the power transmission units, having the other one of the clutches.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical recording medium including a substrate and a recording layer on the substrate having a squarylium metal chelate compound with a central metal. The recording layer includes a mixture of squarylium metal chelate compounds having ligands of the same type as well as metals of two or more types as the central metal. It is preferable that the recording layer includes a squarylium metal chelate compound having a bivalent metal as its central metal and a squarylium metal chelate compound having a metal other than a bivalent metal as its central metal.
摘要:
A film bulk acoustic resonator includes: a substrate; a lower electrode held on the substrate with at least a portion thereof being in a hollow state; a piezoelectric film provided on the lower electrode; and an upper electrode provided on the piezoelectric film. At least one of the lower electrode and the upper electrode is primarily composed of copper (Cu) and further contains a first element having a negatively larger free energy of oxide formation (ΔG) than copper. At least one of the lower electrode and the upper electrode is primarily composed of copper (Cu) and further contains a second element having smaller surface energy than copper.