公开(公告)号：US06940928B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-06

申请号：US09952312

申请日：2001-09-12

申请人： Kelly B. Cameron

发明人： Kelly B. Cameron

IPC分类号： H03M13/15 ,  H03M13/25 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/41 ,  H03M13/45 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L27/06

CPC分类号： H03M13/3972 ,  H03M13/151 ,  H03M13/1515 ,  H03M13/25 ,  H03M13/258 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/2757 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/2966 ,  H03M13/2978 ,  H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/3922 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/3988 ,  H03M13/4107 ,  H03M13/6505 ,  H03M13/6561 ,  H04L1/0041 ,  H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/006 ,  H04L1/0065 ,  H04L1/0066 ,  H04L1/0068 ,  H04L1/0071

摘要： Method and apparatus for Soft In Soft Out Turbo Code Decoder. Metrics are received by a decoder having SISO unit(s). The SISO unit computes all the alpha values corresponding to a block of data. Of the alpha values computed some alpha values, for example alpha values selected at regular intervals, corresponding to checkpoint values are pushed on a checkpoint stack. Alpha values are computed with some being saved as checkpoint values and some being discarded are computed until the computation reaches a predetermined distance from the end of the block of data. Once the predetermined distance is reached all alpha values are pushed on a computation stack. Once all the values corresponding to the values between the predetermined end of the block and the end of the block have been computed and placed in the computation stack they may be combined with beta values to produce extrinsic values. Once all the values have been used from the computation stack the next checkpoint value can be used to compute another computation stack of alpha values. The alpha values can then be combined with beta values to form extrinsic values and the process continued.

摘要翻译： 软输出Turbo码解码器的方法和装置。 度量由具有SISO单元的解码器接收。 SISO单元计算对应于数据块的所有α值。 计算一些alpha值的Alpha值，例如以定期间隔选择的对应于检查点值的alpha值被推送到检查点堆栈。 计算Alpha值，其中一些被保存为检查点值，并且计算一些被丢弃的值，直到计算达到距数据块结束的预定距离。 一旦达到预定距离，所有的阿尔法值被推送到计算堆栈上。 一旦对应于块的预定端和块结束之间的值的所有值已经被计算并被放置在计算堆栈中，它们可以与β值组合以产生外在值。 一旦从计算堆栈中使用了所有的值，可以使用下一个检查点值来计算alpha值的另一个计算堆栈。 然后可以将α值与β值组合以形成外在值，并且该过程继续。

公开(公告)号：US06865712B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-08

申请号：US10244790

申请日：2002-09-16

申请人： Burkhard Becker ,  Markus Doetsch ,  Peter Jung ,  Tideya Kella ,  Jörg Plechinger ,  Peter Schmidt ,  Michael Schneider

发明人： Burkhard Becker ,  Markus Doetsch ,  Peter Jung ,  Tideya Kella ,  Jörg Plechinger ,  Peter Schmidt ,  Michael Schneider

IPC分类号： G06F11/10 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/41 ,  H03M13/45 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H03M13/00

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3922 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/3961 ,  H03M13/3972 ,  H03M13/658

摘要： A turbo decoder for decoding a data signal transmitted via a disturbed channel has a symbol estimator. The symbol estimator contains a computing device, which, with knowledge of the error protection code used at the transmitter end, calculates transition metric values, forward and reverse recursion metric values and the output values (LLR). The computing device includes at least one hardware computing chip constructed of combinatorial logic for generating at least one type of the values.

摘要翻译： 用于解码通过干扰信道发送的数据信号的turbo解码器具有符号估计器。 符号估计器包含一个计算设备，通过知道发射机端使用的错误保护码，计算转换度量值，正向和反向递归度量值和输出值（LLR）。 计算设备包括由用于生成至少一种类型的值的组合逻辑构成的至少一个硬件计算芯片。

公开(公告)号：US20040258139A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-23

申请号：US10456148

申请日：2003-06-06

发明人： June Namgoong ,  Jun Ma ,  Mingxi Fan ,  Naga Bhushan ,  Peter Black

IPC分类号： H04K001/00

CPC分类号： H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/658 ,  H04L1/0045 ,  H04L1/0066 ,  H04L1/1812 ,  H04L1/1825 ,  Y10S370/912

摘要： A method and an apparatus for scaling demodulated data symbols contained in a packet to generate scaled log-likelihood ratios for Turbo decoding are disclosed. A packet consists of one or more subpackets depending on the type of packet. Each subpacket is identified by a subpacket identification number. The payload size of the packet and the subpacket identification number may be determined by decoding a reverse rate indicator (RRI) channel. A scale factor which is associated with a specific subpacket identification number and a specific payload size results in a performance measure that is closest to an expected performance measure. The scale factor is used for scaling the demodulated data symbols to generate scaled log-likelihood ratios for Turbo decoding.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于缩放分组中包含的解调数据符号以产生用于Turbo解码的缩放对数似然比的方法和装置。 数据包由一个或多个子数据包组成，具体取决于数据包的类型。 每个子分组由子分组标识号码标识。 可以通过解码反向速率指示符（RRI）信道来确定分组的有效载荷大小和子分组标识号码。 与特定子分组标识号和特定有效载荷大小相关联的比例因子导致最接近预期性能测量的性能度量。 缩放因子用于缩放解调的数据符号以产生用于Turbo解码的缩放的对数似然比。

公开(公告)号：US20040205445A1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-14

申请号：US10412906

申请日：2003-04-14

发明人： Shuzhan Xu

IPC分类号： H03M013/03

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3911 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/6502

摘要： A turbo decoder iteratively decodes a received, encoded signal with one or more constituent decoders employing a simplified log-maximum a posteriori (SMAP) decoding algorithm. The SMAP decoding algorithm calculates reliability information as a log likelihood ratio for a log-MAP algorithm using a reduced set of path metrics recursively updated based on maximum likelihood recursion. Updated extrinsic information for a subsequent decoding may be derived from the LLR calculated by the SMAP decoding algorithm.

摘要翻译： turbo解码器使用采用简化的对数最大后验（SMAP）解码算法的一个或多个组成解码器对接收的编码信号进行迭代解码。 SMAP解码算法使用基于最大似然递归递归地更新的减少的路径度量集合来计算log-MAP算法的可靠性信息作为对数似然比。 可以从由SMAP解码算法计算的LLR导出用于后续解码的更新的外在信息。

公开(公告)号：US20040044946A1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-04

申请号：US10232202

申请日：2002-08-30

发明人： Mark Andrew Bickerstaff ,  Linda Mary Davis

IPC分类号： H03M013/03

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3922 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/395

摘要： A Log Map processor that processes information in accordance with the Log MAP algorithm using an N-state Radix-K trellis where K is an integer equal to 4 or greater and N is an integer equal to 2 or greater. The Log Map processor comprises branch and path metric calculators designed with LogSum operators. The LogSum operators used and Add-Compare-Select architecture that is based on an approximation of the Jacobian definition of the LogSum operation. The Log Map processor is thus able to process relatively more information per unit time.

摘要翻译： 一种Log Map处理器，其使用N状态Radix-K格局处理根据Log MAP算法的信息，其中K是等于4或更大的整数，N是等于2或更大的整数。 Log Map处理器包括由LogSum运算符设计的分支和路径度量计算器。 使用的LogSum操作符和Add-Compare-Select架构，它基于LogSum操作的Jacobian定义的近似值。 因此，Log Map处理器能够处理每单位时间相对更多的信息。

公开(公告)号：US20040019843A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-29

申请号：US10416458

申请日：2003-05-12

发明人： Masahiko Kishino

IPC分类号： H03M013/00

CPC分类号： H03M13/3927 ,  G11B2220/2562 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/276 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/2975

摘要： In order to implement fine control of iterations in a turbo decoder, a selector and decoding calculator (30) is adapted to be able to decode an input data sequence X based on previous likelihood information (E) input to a soft-decision decoder (10) in the first half and new likelihood information (E1) obtained from the soft-decision decoder having implemented a decoding process using the likelihood information E.

摘要翻译： 为了实现turbo解码器中的迭代的精细控制，选择器和解码计算器（30）适于基于输入到软判决解码器（10）的先前似然信息（E）来解码输入数据序列X ）和从软判决解码器获得的使用似然信息E的解码处理的新似然信息（E1）。

公开(公告)号：US20030002603A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-02

申请号：US10176127

申请日：2002-06-21

申请人： ALCATEL

发明人： Alexander Worm ,  Heiko Michel ,  Norbert Wehn

IPC分类号： H03D001/00

CPC分类号： H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3922 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/3961 ,  H03M13/6569 ,  H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/0055 ,  H04L1/0066

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for decoding according to a Log-MAP algorithm, a bit sequence encoded by a convolutional encoder and received through a noisy channel. A digital signal processor (DSP) for performing the decoding is provided with an extended core possessing a transition metric calculation unit (153) for calculating transition metric values of the encoder trellis for output to a memory store (101,102) of the DSP, and for output to a unit (154) for performing a Log-MAP add-compare-select operation. The Log-MAP add-compare-select unit (154) calculates updated path metric values of the encoder trellis for storage in a memory store (101,102) of the DSP, and for input to a Log-Likelihood Ratio calculating unit (155). The Log-Likelihood Ratio calculating unit (155) calculates the Log-Likelihood Ratio of a given data bit to be decoded. Transition metric unit (153), Log-MAP add-compare-select unit (154), and Log-Likelihood Ratio calculating unit (155) are each controlled by the program control unit (104) of the DSP, and communicate with the data memories (101, 102) of the DSP, via data lines (150, 151, 152).

摘要翻译： 公开了一种根据Log-MAP算法对由卷积编码器编码并通过噪声信道接收的比特序列进行解码的方法和装置。 提供了一种用于执行解码的数字信号处理器（DSP），其具有扩展核心，其具有用于计算用于输出到DSP的存储器存储器（101,102）的编码器格架的转换度量值的转换度量计算单元（153），并且 输出到用于执行Log-MAP加法比较选择操作的单元（154）。 Log-MAP加法比较选择单元（154）计算用于存储在DSP的存储器存储器（101,102）中的编码器格架的更新的路径度量值，并输入到对数似然比计算单元（155）。 对数似然比计算单元（155）计算要解码的给定数据比特的对数似然比。 转换度量单位（153），Log-MAP加法比较选择单元（154）和对数似然比计算单元（155）分别由DSP的程序控制单元（104）控制，并与数据通信 DSP的存储器（101,102）经由数据线（150,151,152）。

公开(公告)号：US20020095640A1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-18

申请号：US10013492

申请日：2001-12-13

发明人： Eran Arad ,  Efraim Dalumi ,  Shachar Kons ,  Donald B. Eidson

IPC分类号： H03M013/03

CPC分类号： H03M13/2972 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/3961 ,  H03M13/3972 ,  H03M13/6572 ,  H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/006 ,  H04L1/0065

摘要： Systems and related methods are described for (1) determining one or more state probabilities for one or more states in a trellis representation; (2) determining an estimate of or extrinsic output for one or more bits using a trellis representation; (3) determining a branch metric for a branch in a trellis representation; (4) performing a MAX*2->1 operation; (5) performing a MAX*2p->1 operation, where p is an integer of two or more, through a hierarchical arrangement of MAX*2->1 operations; and (6) computing forward state probabilities in a forward mode of operation and computing backward state probabilities in a backward mode of operation. Combinations of the foregoing are also described.

摘要翻译： 描述了系统和相关方法（1）确定网格表示中的一个或多个状态的一个或多个状态概率; （2）使用网格表示确定一个或多个比特的估计或非本征输出; （3）确定网格表示中的分支的分支度量; （4）执行MAX * 2-> 1操作; （5）通过MAX * 2-> 1操作的分层排列执行MAX * 2p→1操作，其中p是2或更大的整数; 以及（6）在向前操作模式中计算前向状态概率，并在后向操作模式下计算后向状态概率。 还描述了前述的组合。

公开(公告)号：US20020061070A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-23

申请号：US09952455

申请日：2001-09-12

发明人： Kelly B. Cameron ,  Hau Thien Tran ,  Ba-Zhong Shen ,  Christopher R. Jones

IPC分类号： H04L005/12

CPC分类号： H03M13/3972 ,  H03M13/151 ,  H03M13/1515 ,  H03M13/25 ,  H03M13/258 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/2757 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/2966 ,  H03M13/2978 ,  H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/3922 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/3988 ,  H03M13/4107 ,  H03M13/6505 ,  H03M13/6561 ,  H04L1/0041 ,  H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/006 ,  H04L1/0065 ,  H04L1/0066 ,  H04L1/0068 ,  H04L1/0071

摘要： A method for parallel concatenated (Turbo) encoding and decoding. Turbo encoders receive a sequence of input data tuples and encode them. The input sequence may correspond to a sequence of an original data source, or to an already coded data sequence such as provided by a Reed-Solomon encoder. A turbo encoder generally comprises two or more encoders separated by one or more interleavers. The input data tuples may be interleaved using a modulo scheme in which the interleaving is according to some method (such as block or random interleaving) with the added stipulation that the input tuples may be interleaved only to interleaved positions having the same modulo-N (where N is an integer) as they have in the input data sequence. If all the input tuples are encoded by all encoders then output tuples can be chosen sequentially from the encoders and no tuples will be missed. If the input tuples comprise multiple bits, the bits may be interleaved independently to interleaved positions having the same modulo-N and the same bit position. This may improve the robustness of the code. A first encoder may have no interleaver or all encoders may have interleavers, whether the input tuple bits are interleaved independently or not. Modulo type interleaving also allows decoding in parallel.

摘要翻译： 一种并行级联（Turbo）编码和解码的方法。 Turbo编码器接收一系列输入数据元组并进行编码。 输入序列可以对应于原始数据源的序列，或者对应于已由Reed-Solomon编码器提供的已经编码的数据序列。 turbo编码器通常包括由一个或多个交织器分离的两个或更多个编码器。 输入数据元组可以使用其中交织根据某些方法（例如块或随机交织）的加法规则进行交织，其中输入元组可以只交织到具有相同模N的交织位置 其中N是整数），因为它们在输入数据序列中具有。 如果所有的输入元组都是由所有的编码器编码的，那么输出元组可以从编码器顺序选择，也不会丢失元组。 如果输入元组包含多个比特，那么这些比特可以与具有相同模N和相同比特位置的交织位置独立交织。 这可以提高代码的鲁棒性。 第一编码器可以不具有交织器，或者所有编码器可以具有交织器，无论输入元组位是否独立交错。 模式类型交织也允许并行解码。

公开(公告)号：US20020061069A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-23

申请号：US09952309

申请日：2001-09-12

发明人： Hau Thien Tran ,  Kelly B. Cameron ,  Ba-Zhong Shen ,  Christopher R. Jones

IPC分类号： H04L005/12

CPC分类号： H03M13/3972 ,  H03M13/151 ,  H03M13/1515 ,  H03M13/25 ,  H03M13/258 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/2757 ,  H03M13/29 ,  H03M13/2966 ,  H03M13/2978 ,  H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/3922 ,  H03M13/3927 ,  H03M13/3988 ,  H03M13/4107 ,  H03M13/6505 ,  H03M13/6561 ,  H04L1/0041 ,  H04L1/005 ,  H04L1/006 ,  H04L1/0065 ,  H04L1/0066 ,  H04L1/0068 ,  H04L1/0071

摘要： Method and apparatus for performing calculations for forward (alpha) and reverse (beta) metrics in a map decoder. The method includes using a min star (min*) operation to receive the metrics and a priori values as well as forming min star structures from individual min star operations. Two separate outputs from the min star operation may be maintained separately throughout all calculations and combined only when a final value is required. In addition input to the min star operators that are available prior to a particular decoder iteration may be combined separately to allow an increase in speed within decoding iterations. The same principals apply to the more popular max star operation.

摘要翻译： 用于在地图解码器中执行前向（alpha）和反向（beta）度量的计算的方法和装置。 该方法包括使用最小星号（min *）操作来接收度量和先验值，以及从单个最小星号操作形成最小星型结构。 在所有计算过程中，可以分别维护来自min Star操作的两个独立的输出，并且仅在需要最终值时进行组合。 此外，在特定解码器迭代之前可用的最小星号运算符的输入可以单独组合以允许解码迭代中的速度增加。 相同的原则适用于更受欢迎的最大星号操作。