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    Method for detecting non-linear behavior in a digital data transmission path to be examined
    33.
    发明授权
    Method for detecting non-linear behavior in a digital data transmission path to be examined 失效
    用于检测要检查的数字数据传输路径中的非线性行为的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5555507A

    公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

    申请号：US295650

    申请日：1994-08-26

    申请人： Andreas Wolf ,  Hans W. Arweiler

    发明人： Andreas Wolf ,  Hans W. Arweiler

    IPC分类号： G01R27/28 ,  H04B3/46 ,  H04L1/24

    CPC分类号： H04L1/242 ,  H04L1/241

    摘要： The transmission path (4) is fed with a test signal (M'), which is generated from a sequence (m) of spectral components (S1 . . . S10), which are distributed equidistantly in the frequency domain, as the result of combining with an additional function (ZSF). The additional function (ZSF) is selected so as to allow the test signal (M') to contain, besides the spectral components (S1 . . . S10)of the sequence (m), additional spectral components (ZS1 . . . ZS21). An output signal (M") received on the output side of the path is evaluated at evaluation frequencies (AW1 . . . AW10), in the case of which the test signal (M') is free per se of spectral components and, in the case of which, the test signal (M'), after a self-convolution, exhibits additional spectral components (SA1 . . . SA10). The additional spectral components (SA1 . . . SA10) occurring at the evaluation frequencies (AW 1 . . . AW 10) allow a non-linearity of the transmission path (4) to be immediately detected.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 00109 Sec。 371日期1994年8月26日 102（e）日期1994年8月26日PCT提交1993年2月3日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 17348 日期1993年9月2日传输路径（4）馈送有从频域分布（S1 ... S10）的序列（m）生成的测试信号（M'），其在频域中等距分布 ，作为与附加功能（ZSF）组合的结果。 选择附加功能（ZSF），以便除了序列（m）的频谱分量（S1 ... S10）之外，允许测试信号（M'）包含附加频谱分量（ZS1 ... ZS21） 。 在测量信号（M'）本身是光谱分量的情况下，在评估频率（AW1 ... AW10）处评估在路径的输出侧接收的输出信号（M“）， 在这种情况下，在自卷积之后的测试信号（M'）表现出附加的光谱分量（SA1 ... SA10）。 在评估频率（AW 1 ... AW 10）处发生的附加频谱分量（SA1 ... SA10）允许立即检测传输路径（4）的非线性。

    Process for obtaining compensation quantity to compensate the nonuniformity of a surface wave convolver
    34.
    发明授权
    Process for obtaining compensation quantity to compensate the nonuniformity of a surface wave convolver 失效
    获得补偿量以补偿表面波卷积器的不均匀性的过程

    公开(公告)号：US5268859A

    公开(公告)日：1993-12-07

    申请号：US776317

    申请日：1992-02-18

    申请人： Dieter Filbert ,  Rainer Klatte ,  Andreas Wolf

    发明人： Dieter Filbert ,  Rainer Klatte ,  Andreas Wolf

    IPC分类号： G06G7/195 ,  H03H9/72 ,  G06G7/12

    CPC分类号： G06G7/195

    摘要： A process obtains a compression quantity to compensate the nonuniformity of a surface wave convolver. A surface wave convolver includes an elongate piezoelectric crystal, to the ends of which interdigital transducers are fitted to convert electrical input signals applied to signal inputs into acoustic surface waves. At its integration electrode it is possible to pick off an output signal which corresponds to the convolution product of the electrical input signals. In order to compensate errors caused by the nonuniformity of the surface wave convolver in consequence of inhomogeneities of its integration electrode and of the piezoelectric crystal, a constant input signal is applied to one of the signal inputs and a predeterminable signal which determines a desired pulse response of the surface wave convolver, it is applied to the other signal input of the surface wave convolver. The output signals are freed from stochastic disturbing components by averaging to form the compensation quantity which is stored in a memory. The compensation quantity is used to compensate the output signal of the surface wave convolver convolving with the predeterminable signal in synchronism with the reading out of the compensation quantity from memory, when input signals to be processed are applied to the signal input.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00357 Sec。 371日期1992年2月18日 102（e）日期1992年2月18日PCT提交1990年5月11日PCT公布。 第WO90 / 16040号公报 日期为1990年12月27日。一个过程获得压缩量来补偿表面波卷积器的不均匀性。 表面波卷积器包括细长的压电晶体，在其端部配有叉指式换能器以将施加到信号输入的电输入信号转换成声表面波。 在其积分电极处，可以选择与电输入信号的卷积积对应的输出信号。 为了补偿由于其积分电极和压电晶体的不均匀性而导致的表面波卷积器的不均匀性引起的误差，将恒定的输入信号施加到信号输入中的一个和确定所需脉冲响应的可预定信号 的表面波卷积器，它被应用于表面波卷积器的另一个信号输入。 输出信号通过平均来排除随机干扰成分，形成存储在存储器中的补偿量。 当要处理的输入信号应用于信号输入时，补偿量用于与来自存储器的补偿量的读出同步地与可预测信号卷积的表面波卷积器的输出信号进行补偿。

    Photovoltaic solar cell and method for producing a photovoltaic solar cell
    35.
    发明授权
    Photovoltaic solar cell and method for producing a photovoltaic solar cell 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09087940B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-07-21

    申请号：US13810028

    申请日：2011-07-11

    申请人： Benjamin Thaidigsmann ,  Florian Clement ,  Daniel Biro ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Ralf Preu

    发明人： Benjamin Thaidigsmann ,  Florian Clement ,  Daniel Biro ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Ralf Preu

    IPC分类号： H01L21/00 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/18

    CPC分类号： H01L31/02245 ,  H01L31/022425 ,  H01L31/022458 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

    摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing a photovoltaic solar cell having a front side designed for coupling in light, comprising the following method steps: A Producing a plurality of cutouts in a semiconductor substrate of a base doping type, B Producing one or more emitter regions of an emitter doping type at least at the front side of the semiconductor substrate, wherein the emitter doping type is opposite to the base doping type, C Applying an electrically insulating insulation layer and D Producing metallic feed through structures in the cutouts, at least one metallic base contact structure at the rear side of the solar cell, which is formed in an electrically conductive manner with the semiconductor substrate in a base doping region, at least one metallic front-side contact structure at the front side of the solar cell, which is formed in an electrically conductive manner with the emitter region at the front side of the semiconductor substrate, and at least one rear-side contact structure at the rear side of the solar cell, which is formed in a manner electrically conductively connected to the feed through contact structure. The invention is characterized in that in method step B and/or a further method step in addition a feed through emitter region of the emitter doping type extending from the front side to the rear side is formed in each case in the semiconductor substrate on the walls of the cutouts, in that in method step C the insulation layer is applied in a manner covering the rear side of the semiconductor substrate, if appropriate further intervening intermediate layers, in that in method step D the rear-side contact structure is applied to the insulation layer, if appropriate to further intermediate layers, in such a way that the rear-side contact structure extends to regions of the semiconductor substrate having base doping and, in these regions, on account of the intervening insulation layer, an electrical insulation is formed between rear-side contact structure and semiconductor substrate, and the base contact structure is applied to the insulation layer, if appropriate to further intermediate layers, in such a way that the base contact structure penetrates through the insulation layer at least in regions, such that an electrically conductive connection is produced between base contact structure and semiconductor substrate. The invention furthermore relates to a photovoltaic solar cell.

    SOLAR CELL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SOLAR CELL FROM A SILICON SUBSTRATE
    36.
    发明申请
    SOLAR CELL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SOLAR CELL FROM A SILICON SUBSTRATE 审中-公开
    太阳能电池和从硅衬底生产太阳能电池的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110272020A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-11-10

    申请号：US13144531

    申请日：2009-12-03

    申请人： Daniel Biro ,  Oliver Schultz-Wittmann ,  Anke Lemke ,  Jochen Rentsch ,  Florian Clement ,  Marc Hofmann ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Luca Gautero ,  Sebastian Mack ,  Ralf Preu

    发明人： Daniel Biro ,  Oliver Schultz-Wittmann ,  Anke Lemke ,  Jochen Rentsch ,  Florian Clement ,  Marc Hofmann ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Luca Gautero ,  Sebastian Mack ,  Ralf Preu

    IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/18

    CPC分类号： H01L31/1868 ,  H01L31/02245 ,  H01L31/068 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521

    摘要： A method for producing a solar cell from a silicon wafer, including the following process steps: A) texturizing one side of the silicon substrate (1) for improving the absorption or removing saw damage on one side of the silicon substrate (1); B) generating an emitter area (2) on one side of the silicon substrate (1) by diffusing in a doping material for forming a pn transition; C) removing a glass layer which comprises the doping material; D) applying a masking layer (3) which is a dielectric layer; E) removing one part of the material of the silicon substrate (1); F) applying metal structures (5, 6) for electrically contacting the solar cell. It is significant that thermal oxidation is performed between the process steps E and F for forming an oxide layer (4) and that the masking layer (3) and the oxide layer (4) remain on the silicon substrate (1) in the subsequent process steps.

    摘要翻译： 一种从硅晶片制造太阳能电池的方法，包括以下工艺步骤：A）使硅衬底（1）的一侧变形，以改善在硅衬底（1）的一侧的吸收或去除锯损坏; B）通过在用于形成pn转变的掺杂材料中扩散而在硅衬底（1）的一侧上产生发射极区域（2） C）去除包含掺杂材料的玻璃层; D）施加作为电介质层的掩模层（3）; E）去除硅衬底（1）的材料的一部分; F）施加用于电接触太阳能电池的金属结构（5,6）。 重要的是，在用于形成氧化物层（4）的工艺步骤E和F之间进行热氧化，并且在后续工艺中，掩模层（3）和氧化物层（4）保留在硅衬底（1）上 脚步。

    Fastening Element for Vehicle Parts
    38.
    发明申请
    Fastening Element for Vehicle Parts 有权
    车辆零件紧固元件

    公开(公告)号：US20100047011A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-25

    申请号：US12223544

    申请日：2007-02-02

    申请人： Diego Eberle ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Uwe Korbmacher ,  Gerhard Mandjik

    发明人： Diego Eberle ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Uwe Korbmacher ,  Gerhard Mandjik

    IPC分类号： E04B1/49

    CPC分类号： F16B37/02 ,  B60R13/0206 ,  F16B37/043 ,  F16B37/044 ,  F16B37/0842 ,  Y10T24/45775 ,  Y10T24/4588 ,  Y10T403/4949

    摘要： The invention relates to a fastening element (1) for vehicle parts (5), in particular for fastening a heat shield to a bolt shaped fastening means (13) of a vehicle body, preferably an underbody of a motor vehicle, comprising a claw disk (2) and a spring washer (3), held at claws (2.1) of the claw disk, wherein the claw disk (2) comprises an opening (6) and the spring washer (3) can be interlocked with a bolt shaped fastening means (13), wherein the claw disk (2) comprises at least one clip element (8), associated with the opening (6) and oriented away from the spring washer (3), wherein the at least one clip element (8) is configured for insertion through an opening (7) in the vehicle part (5) or in the heat shield, and wherein the at least one clip element (8) comprises an undercut (10) for interlocking the rim portion of the opening (7) of the vehicle part (5) or of the heat shield.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于车辆部件（5）的紧固元件（1），特别是用于将隔热罩固定到车体（优选地是机动车辆的底部）的螺栓形紧固装置（13）上，包括爪盘 （2）和固定在爪盘的爪（2.1）上的弹簧垫圈（3），其中爪盘（2）包括开口（6），弹簧垫圈（3）可与螺栓形紧固件 装置（13），其中所述爪盘（2）包括与所述开口（6）相关联并且远离所述弹簧垫圈（3）定向的至少一个夹子元件（8），其中所述至少一个夹子元件（8） 被构造成用于插入穿过车辆部分（5）中或隔热罩中的开口（7），并且其中所述至少一个夹子元件（8）包括底切（10），用于将开口（7）的边缘部分互锁 ）或车辆部件（5）或隔热罩。

    Method For Controlling a Manual Transmission in the Event of a Disorderly Engine Behavior
    40.
    发明申请
    Method For Controlling a Manual Transmission in the Event of a Disorderly Engine Behavior 有权
    在发动机失灵的情况下控制手动变速箱的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080227601A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-09-18

    申请号：US11813889

    申请日：2005-12-02

    申请人： Reinhard Mertinkat ,  Rainer Petzold ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Gerd Sauermann ,  Klaus Hensinger ,  Wolfgang Groner ,  Ulrich Reith

    发明人： Reinhard Mertinkat ,  Rainer Petzold ,  Andreas Wolf ,  Gerd Sauermann ,  Klaus Hensinger ,  Wolfgang Groner ,  Ulrich Reith

    IPC分类号： B60W10/02

    CPC分类号： F16H61/0403 ,  F16H63/502 ,  F16H2306/48 ,  Y10T477/689 ,  Y10T477/6934 ,  Y10T477/75

    摘要： A method for controlling a partially unsynchronized manual transmission, which realizes the increase of a rotational speed of a transmission part to be synchronized during a gear change procedure by connecting one element of the transmission, via a shiftable clutch, to a drive motor and by making available to this drive motor the required rotational speed as well as the necessary torque at its output shaft. It is also provided that when the rotational speed and/or the torque made available by the drive motor is not sufficient to ensure the synchronization of the manual transmission within a fixed time period, a shifting strategy is pursued, which prevents an unintentional holding of the manual transmission in its neutral position or idle position.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于控制部分不同步的手动变速器的方法，其通过将变速器的一个元件经由可移动离合器连接到驱动电动机，并且通过制造变速器来实现在变速过程期间使变速器部件的转速增加以同步的方法 该驱动电机可用于所需的转速以及其输出轴上的必要扭矩。 还提供的是，当由驱动电动机提供的转速和/或转矩不足以确保手动变速器在固定时间段内的同步时，执行变速策略，这防止了无意中保持 手动变速器在其中性位置或空转位置。