Abstract:
An inspection method can easily determine welding condition by just comparing an echo height returned from the weld zone of a real product with a master data. An master data is made based on the data from prepared test pieces corresponding to the real product.
Abstract:
An indium layer and a copper layer, and whenever necessary, a gallium layer or a gallium-alloy layer, are laminated on an electrode film formed on one of the surfaces of a substrate to form a metallic film. The metallic film is then subjected to sulfurization treatment or selenization treatment to form a p-type semiconductor layer made of “CuInS2 or CuInSe2” or “Cu(In, Ga)S2 or Cu(In, Ga)Se2”. This p-type semiconductor layer is subjected to KCN treatment, for removing impurities such as copper sulfide, copper selenide, etc., by a KCN solution, and an n-type semiconductor layer is formed on this p-type semiconductor layer to form a solar cell. In this instance, the indium layer is formed under heating, or is heat-treated by heat-treatment while the surface of the indium layer is exposed.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a distribution pressure controlling apparatus comprising section for supplying water in a distribution reservoir to a distributing pipe network, section for detecting an outlet pressure of water, section for detecting an outlet flow of water, section for detecting a distribution pressure of the distributing pipe network, a fuzzy table for storing a relationship between a deviation between a distribution pressure set by a user and the distribution pressure, the outlet flow, and an outlet pressure target value correction amount for correcting an outlet pressure of water, outputting section for obtaining the outlet pressure target value correction amount from the fuzzy table, based on the deviation between the distribution pressure set by the user and the distribution pressure, and the outlet flow, for correcting an outlet pressure target value with use of the outlet pressure target value correction amount, and for outputting the outlet pressure target value thus corrected; and section for controlling distributing section to be equalized to the distribution pressure set by the user, based on the outlet pressure target value and the outlet pressure.
Abstract:
A direct-coupling/differential changeover apparatus is provided with a speed change gear function and includes an input member, two output members, a reaction member, a planetary gear set, and a engage/disengage changeover apparatus for effecting engagement/disengagement between elements of the planetary gear set and the members and between two of the elements of the planetary gear set. The engage/disengage changeover apparatus establishes a direct-coupled power train between all input and output members by engaging any one of the elements of the planetary gear set with the reaction member and by engaging one of the two other elements of the planetary gear set with the input member and the remaining element of the gear set with two output members. A differential power train is established between the input member and the two output members and a differential relationship between the two output members by engaging any one of the elements of the planetary gear set with the input member and by engaging the other two elements with the two output members, independently of each other. Transfer between direct-coupling/differential modes in four wheel drive is attained, optionally with two wheel drive modes or with the neutral mode. The direct-coupling mode may have a different speed change ratio from the differential mode.
Abstract:
An improved grout impregnation method which uses an injection tube for contacting and mixing different kinds of materials supplied thereinto separately to prepare a grout and impregnates the grout into the earth through an injecting opening provided at a tip end of the tube.In this method, a first pressure-holding valve is provided within a higher-pressure path for one of the materials which is supplied under a higher pressure, a mixing section is provided downstream the first pressure-holding valve but in the vicinity thereof for contacting and mixing said one of the materials with another one which is supplied under a lower pressure, and a second pressure-holding valve is provided downstream the mixing section; said one of the materials is passed through the first pressure-holding valve, which reduces the pressure of said one of the materials, and then contacted and mixed with said another one at the mixing section; the contacting and mixing is carried out under a pressure exceeding an atmospheric pressure and determined by the second pressure-holding valve; and the grout resulting from the contacting and mixing and passing through the second pressure-holding valve is impregnated into the earth through the injection opening.
Abstract:
An image forming apparatus includes: a fixing device having a heat source, a heating member, and a backup member; a temperature detecting member; a driving source configured to rotate at least one of the heating member and the backup member; a transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a driving force of the driving source; and a control device configured to control the heat source and the driving source, wherein, after a power is turned on, the control device turns on the heat source before the driving source is driven for the first time, and wherein, when at least one of a condition, where the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member becomes a first temperature, and a condition where a predetermined period elapses after the power is turned on, is satisfied, the control device turns off the heat source and then drives the driving source.
Abstract:
An image forming apparatus may include: a heating unit including a heating member that is heated by a heat source and a backup member that forms a nip portion; a feeding unit; and a control unit configured to control the heat source and the feeding unit, wherein the control unit controls the feeding unit such that each of a plurality of recording sheets is fed to the nip portion, wherein some of the plurality of the recording sheets are sequentially conveyed at a second interval to each other, wherein a first recording sheet of the some of the plurality of the recording sheets is fed to have a first interval with respect to a previously conveyed recording sheet, and wherein the control unit increases the output of the heat source on a timing when a front end of the first recording sheet reaches a periphery of the nip portion.
Abstract:
An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device, a temperature sensor and a controller. The fixing device includes a heat source, a heat member heated by the heat source, and a back-up member. The temperature sensor detects a temperature of the heat member. The controller controls the heat source and includes an output determination unit determining an output at which the heat source is operated to generate a target temperature; a first setting unit setting a first target temperature; a second setting unit setting a second target temperature lower than the first target temperature; a switching unit switching the target temperature from the first target temperature to the second target temperature; a determination unit determining whether a recording sheet is conveyed; and a supplemental output control unit generating a supplemental output greater than the output if the recording sheet is conveyed when the target temperature is switched.
Abstract:
When the guide bracket 61 is fixed to the vehicle-mounting bracket 21 by the guide pin 71, the upper surfaces 24c, 24c of the capsules 24, 24 are in contact with the lower surfaces 61c, 61c of the flange portions 61b, 61b on the guide bracket 61, and the first engaging portions 64, 64 and the second engaging portions 65, 65 engage with the capsules 24, 24. As a result, even before fixing the vehicle-mounting bracket 21 and the guide bracket 61 to the vehicle body 41 by the bolt 22, the guide bracket 61 does not rotate with respect to the vehicle-mounting bracket 21 about the guide pin 71, or move in the forward and rearward direction, or in the vehicle body width direction.