公开(公告)号：US07331143B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-19

申请号：US10925724

申请日：2004-08-25

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E02D3/11 ,  E02D27/34 ,  E04H9/02

CPC分类号： E02D3/11 ,  E02D27/34 ,  G01V1/008 ,  Y10S52/12

摘要： A structure is isolated from a seismic event by inducing soil liquefaction in an isolation layer beneath the structure and soil foundation zone, such as by activating an electro-osmosis gradient toward the isolation layer, during the seismic event, based on detection of movements associated with the seismic event.

摘要翻译： 通过在结构和土壤基础区域下方的隔离层中引起土壤液化，例如通过在地震事件期间通过激活到隔离层的电渗析梯度，基于检测到与 地震事件。

公开(公告)号：US20070199711A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11277789

申请日：2006-03-29

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/24 ,  E21B36/00 ,  E21B43/267

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention involves a method and apparatus for enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by injecting a hydrocarbon solvent vapor in contact with the oil sand formation and the heavy oil and bitumen in situ. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation. The hydrocarbon solvent vapor and a non-condensing diluent gas are injected into the well bore, fill the hydraulic fractures, and thus contact and diffuse into the in situ bitumen. The hydrocarbon solvent vapors diffuse into the bitumen from the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The bitumen softens and flows by gravity to the well bore, exposing fresh surface of bitumen for the process to progressively soften and mobilizes the bitumen in a predominantly circumferentially, i.e. orthogonal to the propped fracture, diffusion direction at a nearly uniform rate into the oil sand deposit. The mobile oil may be deasphalted by the condensed solvent, leaving the heavy asphaltenes behind in the oil sand pore space with little loss of inherent fluid mobility in the processed oil sands. The processed product is produced with the dissolved solvent along with a tail diluent gas. The tail diluent gas is enriched with hydrocarbon solvent and re-injected into the process zone and the cycle repeated.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过注入与油砂地层和原油和沥青原位接触的烃溶剂蒸汽来增强从地下回收石油流体的方法和装置。 多孔支撑垂直水力裂缝由井眼构造成油砂层。 将烃溶剂蒸气和非冷凝稀释气体注入井眼，填充水力裂缝，从而接触并扩散到原位沥青中。 烃溶剂蒸汽从支撑的裂缝的垂直面扩散到沥青中。 沥青软化并通过重力流入井眼，使沥青的新鲜表面暴露于该过程中，以逐渐软化并主要沿周向（即与支撑的断裂垂直的扩散方向）以均匀速率的方式动员沥青进入油砂 存款。 移动油可以通过冷凝的溶剂脱沥青，在油砂孔隙空间中留下重的沥青质，在加工油砂中几乎没有固有的流体流动性的损失。 经处理的产物与溶解的溶剂以及尾部稀释气体一起生产。 尾部稀释气体富含烃溶剂并重新注入工艺区域，重复循环。

公开(公告)号：US20070199708A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11686425

申请日：2007-03-15

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/267 ,  E21B43/14

CPC分类号： C09K8/703 ,  E21B43/267

摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating and propagating a vertical hydraulic fracture in unconsolidated and weakly cemented sediments from a single bore hole to control the fracture initiation plane and propagation of the hydraulic fracture, enabling greater yield and recovery of petroleum fluids from the formation. An injection casing with multiple fracture initiation sections is inserted and grouted into a bore hole. A foam fracture fluid carrying a proppant is injected into the injection casing and opens the fracture initiation sections to dilate the formation in a direction orthogonal to the required fracture azimuth plane. Propagation of the fracture is controlled by limiting the fracture fluid form to that of a stable foam fracturing fluid during the fracturing process. The injection casing initiation section remains open after fracturing providing direct hydraulic connection between the production well bore, the permeable proppant filled fracture and the formation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于启动和传播来自单个钻孔的未固结和弱胶结沉积物中的垂直水力裂缝的控制裂缝起始面和水力裂缝扩展的方法和装置，从而能够从地层获得更大的产量和回收石油流体。 将具有多个断裂起始部分的注射套管插入并灌注到钻孔中。 携带支撑剂的泡沫破裂流体被注入到注射套管中并且打开断裂起始部分以在与所需的断裂方位平面正交的方向上扩张地层。 通过在压裂过程中将断裂流体形式限制为稳定的泡沫压裂液的形式来控制裂缝的传播。 压裂后，注射套管起始部分保持打开，从而在生产井眼，可渗透的支撑剂填充的裂缝和地层之间提供直接的液压连接。

公开(公告)号：US20070199705A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11379825

申请日：2006-04-24

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/267 ,  E21B43/22

CPC分类号： E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/166 ,  E21B43/261 ,  E21B43/267

摘要： The present invention involves a method and apparatus for enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by injecting a hydrocarbon solvent vapor in contact with the oil sand formation and the heavy oil and bitumen in situ. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation. The hydrocarbon solvent vapor and a non-condensing diluent gas are injected into the well bore, fill the hydraulic fractures, and thus contact and diffuse into the in situ bitumen. The hydrocarbon solvent vapors diffuse into the bitumen from the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The bitumen softens and flows by gravity to the well bore, exposing fresh surface of bitumen for the process to progressively soften and mobilizes the bitumen in a predominantly circumferentially, i.e. orthogonal to the propped fracture, diffusion direction at a nearly uniform rate into the oil sand deposit. The mobile oil may be deasphalted by the condensed solvent, leaving the heavy asphaltenes behind in the oil sand pore space with little loss of inherent fluid mobility in the processed oil sands. The processed product is produced with the dissolved solvent along with a tail diluent gas. The tail diluent gas is enriched with hydrocarbon solvent and re-injected into the process zone and the cycle repeated.

公开(公告)号：US20070199700A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11278470

申请日：2006-04-03

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/247

CPC分类号： E21B43/247

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for the enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by in situ combustion of the hydrocarbon deposit, from injection of an oxygen rich gas and drawing off a flue gas to control the rate and propagation of the combustion front to be predominantly vertical and propagating horizontally guided by the vertical highly permeable hydraulic fractures. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant containing hydrodesulfurization and thermal cracking catalysts. The oxygen rich gas is injected via the well bore into the top of the propped fractures, the in situ hydrocarbons are ignited by a downhole burner and the generated flue gas extracted from the bottom of the propped fractures through the well bore and mobile oil gravity drains through the propped fractures to the bottom of the well bore and pumped to the surface. The combustion front is predominantly upright, providing good vertical and lateral sweep, due to the flue gas exhaust control provided by the highly permeable propped fractures.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种方法和装置，用于通过烃沉积物的原位燃烧，从注入富氧气体和抽出烟道气来控制燃烧前沿的速率和传播，从地下增强石油流体的回收 主要垂直并由垂直高渗透水力裂缝水平引导。 多孔支撑竖向水力裂缝由井眼构建成油砂层，并填充含有加氢脱硫和热裂解催化剂的高渗透性支撑剂。 富氧气体通过井眼注入支撑的裂缝的顶部，原位烃被井下燃烧器点燃，并且产生的烟气从支撑的裂缝的底部通过井眼和流动的油重力排水 通过支撑的裂缝到井眼的底部并泵送到表面。 燃烧前沿主要是直立的，由于由高度可渗透的支撑骨折提供的烟气排放控制，提供良好的垂直和横向扫掠。

公开(公告)号：US20050145387A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-07

申请号：US10749131

申请日：2003-12-30

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/26

CPC分类号： E21B43/26

摘要： The invention is a method and apparatus for initiating multiple azimuth controlled vertical hydraulic fractures in unconsolidated and weakly cemented sediments from a single bore hole to control the fracture initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures at differing azimuths. The multiple azimuth vertical fractures enable greater yield and increased recovery of petroleum fluids from the formation. An injection casing with multiple fracture initiation sections is inserted and grouted into a bore hole. A fracture fluid carrying a proppant is injected into the injection casing and opens fracture initiation sections to dilate the formation in a direction orthogonal to the first fracture azimuth plane. Following completion of the first fracture injection, the fracture fluid is injected into the injection casing and opens a set of second and subsequent fracture initiation sections dilating the formation and initiating and propagating a second and subsequent vertical hydraulic fractures at different azimuths to the first and subsequent earlier installed fractures. The injection casing initiation sections remains open after fracturing providing direct hydraulic connection between the production well bore, the permeable proppant filled fractures and the formation.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种从单孔钻出未固结和弱粘结沉积物中多个方位角控制垂直水力压裂的方法和装置，以控制不同方位角处的水力裂缝的断裂开始和传播。 多个方位垂直裂缝能够使地层中石油流体产量提高和回收率提高。 将具有多个断裂起始部分的注射套管插入并灌注到钻孔中。 承载支撑剂的断裂流体被注入到注射套管中并且打开断裂起始部分以在与第一断裂方位平面垂直的方向上扩张地层。 在第一次断裂注入完成之后，将断裂流体注入到注射套管中，并且打开一组第二次和随后的断裂起始部分，以扩大形成，并将第二个和随后的垂直水平裂缝以不同的方位向第一个和随后的 早期安装骨折。 在压裂之后，注射套管起始部分保持打开，从而在生产井眼，可渗透的支撑剂填充的裂缝和地层之间提供直接的液压连接。

公开(公告)号：US06792720B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US10236884

申请日：2002-09-05

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E02D2734

CPC分类号： E02D3/11 ,  E02D27/34 ,  G01V1/008 ,  Y10S52/12

摘要： A method and system of isolating a structure and soil mass from earthquake induced vibration by inducing soil liquefaction beneath a structure during an earthquake event, by monitoring local seismic precursor events, such as early arrival ground motion using an accelerometer, predicting the onset of a major earthquake tremor and energizing conductors in the ground by a dc power source for moving the ground water by electro-osmosis towards a suitable isolation layer, whereby raising the pore water pressure in the isolation layer and thus preferentially inducing localized soil liquefaction of the particular isolation layer during the earthquake event and thus isolating the structure and soil above the particular soil horizon from the upward propagating shear wave ground motions arising from the earthquake event.

摘要翻译： 通过监测地震前兆事件，例如使用加速度计的早到地面运动，预测大地震的发生，通过在地震事件发生之前通过诱发土壤液化在结构之下，将结构和土体质量与地震引起的振动隔离的方法和系统 地震震动和通过直流电源将导电体通过电渗移动到合适的隔离层，从而提高隔离层中的孔隙水压力，从而优先诱导特定隔离层的局部土壤液化 在地震事件中，从地震事件发生的向上传播的剪切波地面运动中分离出特定土层以上的结构和土壤。

公开(公告)号：US07866395B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-11

申请号：US11686425

申请日：2007-03-15

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/26

CPC分类号： C09K8/703 ,  E21B43/267

摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating and propagating a vertical hydraulic fracture in unconsolidated and weakly cemented sediments from a single bore hole to control the fracture initiation plane and propagation of the hydraulic fracture, enabling greater yield and recovery of petroleum fluids from the formation. An injection casing with multiple fracture initiation sections is inserted and grouted into a bore hole. A foam fracture fluid carrying a proppant is injected into the injection casing and opens the fracture initiation sections to dilate the formation in a direction orthogonal to the required fracture azimuth plane. Propagation of the fracture is controlled by limiting the fracture fluid form to that of a stable foam fracturing fluid during the fracturing process. The injection casing initiation section remains open after fracturing providing direct hydraulic connection between the production well bore, the permeable proppant filled fracture and the formation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于启动和传播来自单个钻孔的未固结和弱胶结沉积物中的垂直水力裂缝的控制裂缝起始面和水力裂缝扩展的方法和装置，从而能够从地层获得更大的产量和回收石油流体。 将具有多个断裂起始部分的注射套管插入并灌注到钻孔中。 携带支撑剂的泡沫破裂流体被注入到注射套管中并且打开断裂起始部分以在与所需的断裂方位平面正交的方向上扩张地层。 通过在压裂过程中将断裂流体形式限制为稳定的泡沫压裂液的形式来控制裂缝的传播。 压裂后，注射套管起始部分保持打开，从而在生产井眼，可渗透的支撑剂填充的裂缝和地层之间提供直接的液压连接。

公开(公告)号：US07591306B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-22

申请号：US11626112

申请日：2007-01-23

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/00

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention involves a method and apparatus for enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by injection of a steam and hydrocarbon vaporized solvent in contact with the oil sand formation and the heavy oil and bitumen in situ. Multiple propped hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant. Steam, a hydrocarbon solvent, and a non-condensing diluent gas are injected into the well bore and the propped fractures. The injected gas flows upwards and outwards in the propped fractures contacting the oil sands and in situ bitumen on the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The steam condenses on the cool bitumen and thus heats the bitumen by conduction, while the hydrocarbon solvent vapors diffuse into the bitumen from the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The bitumen softens and flows by gravity to the well bore, exposing fresh surface of bitumen for the process to progressively soften and mobilize the bitumen in a predominantly circumferential, i.e. orthogonal to the propped fracture, diffusion direction at a nearly uniform rate into the oil sand deposit. The produced product of oil and dissolved solvent is pumped to the surface where the solvent can be recycled for further injection.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过注入与油砂地层和原油和沥青原位接触的蒸汽和烃蒸发溶剂来增强从地下回收石油流体的方法和装置。 多支撑水力裂缝由井眼构造成油砂层，并填充有高度可渗透的支撑剂。 蒸汽，烃溶剂和非冷凝稀释气体注入井眼和支撑的裂缝中。 注入的气体在支撑的裂缝中向上和向外流动，这些裂缝与支撑的裂缝的垂直面上的油砂和原位沥青接触。 蒸汽冷凝在凉爽的沥青上，从而通过传导加热沥青，而烃类溶剂蒸汽从支撑的裂缝的垂直面扩散到沥青中。 沥青软化并通过重力流入井眼，使沥青的新鲜表面暴露于该过程中，以逐渐软化和将沥青主要沿周向（即，与支撑的裂缝垂直的扩散方向）以几乎均匀的速率移动到油砂中 存款。 将产生的油和溶剂的产物泵送到溶剂可再循环以进一步注入的表面。

公开(公告)号：US07520325B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-21

申请号：US11626175

申请日：2007-01-23

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/26

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for the enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by in situ combustion of the hydrocarbon deposit, from injection of an oxygen rich gas and drawing off a flue gas to control the rate and propagation of the combustion front to be predominantly horizontal and propagating vertically downwards guided by the vertical highly permeable hydraulic fractures. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant containing hydrodesulfurization and thermal cracking catalysts. The oxygen rich gas is injected via the well bore into the top of the propped fractures, the in situ hydrocarbons are ignited by a downhole burner, and the generated flue gas extracted from the bottom of the propped fractures through the well bore and mobile oil gravity drains through the propped fractures to the bottom of the well bore and pumped to the surface. The combustion front is predominantly horizontal, providing good vertical and lateral sweep, due to the flue gas exhaust control provided by the highly permeable propped fractures.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种方法和装置，用于通过烃沉积物的原位燃烧，从注入富氧气体和抽出烟道气来控制燃烧前沿的速率和传播，从地下增强石油流体的回收 主要是水平的并垂直向下传播，由垂直的高渗透水力裂缝引导。 多孔支撑竖向水力裂缝由井眼构建成油砂层，并填充含有加氢脱硫和热裂解催化剂的高渗透性支撑剂。 富氧气体通过井眼注入到支撑的裂缝的顶部，原位烃被井下燃烧器点燃，并且所产生的烟道气从支撑的裂缝的底部通过井眼和流动的油重力 通过支撑的裂缝排出到井筒的底部并泵送到地面。 燃烧前沿主要是水平的，由于由高度可渗透的支撑裂缝提供的烟气排放控制，提供良好的垂直和横向扫掠。