Method for inverting reflection trace data from 3-D and 4-D seismic
surveys and identifying subsurface fluid and pathways in and among
hydrocarbon reservoirs based on impedance models
    31.
    发明授权
    Method for inverting reflection trace data from 3-D and 4-D seismic surveys and identifying subsurface fluid and pathways in and among hydrocarbon reservoirs based on impedance models 失效
    基于阻抗模型反演3-D和4-D地震勘测反射迹线数据的方法,并根据阻抗模型识别碳氢化合物油藏中和之间的地下流体和通道

    公开(公告)号:US5798982A

    公开(公告)日:1998-08-25

    申请号:US641069

    申请日:1996-04-29

    CPC分类号: G01V1/306

    摘要: A method is disclosed for inverting 3-D seismic reflection data obtained from seismic surveys to derive impedance models for a subsurface region, and for inversion of multiple 3-D seismic surveys (i.e., 4-D seismic surveys) of the same subsurface volume, separated in time to allow for dynamic fluid migration, such that small scale structure and regions of fluid and dynamic fluid flow within the subsurface volume being studied can be identified. The method allows for the mapping and quantification of available hydrocarbons within a reservoir and is thus useful for hydrocarbon prospecting and reservoir management. An iterative seismic inversion scheme constrained by actual well log data which uses a time/depth dependent seismic source function is employed to derive impedance models from 3-D and 4-D seismic datasets. The impedance values can be region grown to better isolate the low impedance hydrocarbon bearing regions. Impedance data derived from multiple 3-D seismic surveys of the same volume can be compared to identify regions of dynamic evolution and bypassed pay. Effective Oil Saturation or net oil thickness can also be derived from the impedance data and used for quantitative assessment of prospective drilling targets and reservoir management.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种用于反演从地震勘测获得的三维地震反射数据的方法,以导出地下区域的阻抗模型,并反演相同地下体积的多次三维地震勘测(即四维地震勘测) 在时间上分离以允许动态流体迁移,使得可以识别正在研究的地下体积内的小尺度结构和流体和动态流体流动区域。 该方法允许对储层内的可用烃进行测绘和定量,因此可用于烃勘探和油藏管理。 采用利用时间/深度依赖的地震源函数的实际测井数据约束的迭代地震反演方案用于从3维和4维地震数据集中导出阻抗模型。 阻抗值可以是区域生长以更好地隔离低阻抗含烃区域。 可以比较来自相同体积的多次3-D地震勘测的阻抗数据,以识别动态演化和旁路支付的区域。 有效油饱和度或净油厚度也可以从阻抗数据中得出,并用于预期钻井目标和油藏管理的定量评估。

    Thermally processing semiconductor wafers at non-ambient pressures
    32.
    发明授权
    Thermally processing semiconductor wafers at non-ambient pressures 失效
    在非环境压力下热处理半导体晶圆

    公开(公告)号:US5194401A

    公开(公告)日:1993-03-16

    申请号:US873483

    申请日:1992-04-22

    IPC分类号: C23C16/44 C23C16/48

    CPC分类号: C23C16/481 C23C16/44

    摘要: A thermal reactor system for semiconductor processing incorporates a reaction vessel with a rectangular quartz tube with reinforcing parallel quartz gussets. The gussets enable sub-ambient pressure processing, while the rectangular tube maximizes reactant gas flow uniformity over a wafer being processed. The gussets facilitate effective cooling, while minimally impairing heating of the wafer by allowing minimal wall thickness. The thermal reactor system further includes a gas source for supplying reactant gas and an exhaust handling system for removing spent gases from and establishing a reduced pressure within the reaction vessel. An array of infrared lamps is used to radiate energy through the quartz tube; the lamps are arranged in a staggered relation relative to the quartz gussets to minimize shadowing. In addition, other non-cylindrical gusseted vessel geometries are disclosed which provide for improved sub-ambient pressure thermal processing of semiconductor wafers.

    摘要翻译: 用于半导体处理的热反应器系统包括具有加强平行石英角撑板的矩形石英管的反应容器。 角撑板能够进行低于环境压力的处理,而矩形管可以使正在处理的晶片上的反应气流均匀性最大化。 角撑板有助于有效的冷却,同时通过允许最小壁厚来最小限度地削弱晶片的加热。 热反应器系统还包括用于供应反应气体的气体源和用于从反应容器内除去废气并在反应容器内建立减压的废气处理系统。 使用红外灯阵列通过石英管辐射能量; 灯相对于石英角撑板以交错的关系布置,以最小化遮蔽。 此外,公开了提供半导体晶片的改进的次环境压力热处理的其它非圆柱形角撑板的几何形状。

    Wafer reactor vessel window with pressure-thermal compensation
    33.
    发明授权
    Wafer reactor vessel window with pressure-thermal compensation 失效
    具有压力 - 热补偿功能的波纹反应器风门窗

    公开(公告)号:US5085887A

    公开(公告)日:1992-02-04

    申请号:US579741

    申请日:1990-09-07

    CPC分类号: C23C16/481

    摘要: A quartz window for a wafer reactor vessel has a flat bow for withstanding the pressure differential between the ambient outside pressure and the reduced pressure in the wafer chamber. The bow is enhanced at elevated operating temperatures to compensate for the flattening effect of higher pressure differentials. The enhanced bowing is provided by a rigid peripheral flange which radially confines the window. The thermal expansion within the window is not expressed radially, but is directed outward to increase the bow.

    摘要翻译: 用于晶片反应器容器的石英窗具有平坦的弓形,用于承受环境外部压力和晶片室中减压之间的压力差。 在升高的工作温度下,弓被增强,以补偿较高压力差的压平效应。 增强的弯曲由径向限制窗口的刚性周边凸缘提供。 窗内的热膨胀不是径向表示的,而是向外指向以增加弓。

    Methods for monitoring temperature-vs-depth characteristics in a
borehole during and after hydraulic fracture treatments
    34.
    发明授权
    Methods for monitoring temperature-vs-depth characteristics in a borehole during and after hydraulic fracture treatments 失效
    在水力裂缝处理期间和之后监测井眼温度 - 深度特征的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4832121A

    公开(公告)日:1989-05-23

    申请号:US103940

    申请日:1987-10-01

    申请人: Roger N. Anderson

    发明人: Roger N. Anderson

    摘要: A method for monitoring in real time the growth of an hydraulic fracture in an earth formation traversed by a well borehole. Growth of the fracture is observed by measuring the temperature of the borehole fluid at selected times during the fracturing process. The temperature measurements are made by use of a string of vertically-spaced temperature sensors extending over the entire fracture depth interval, and a temperature-vs-depth profile of the fracture interval is generated in real time at the surface. Post-fracture temperature monitoring of the fracture zone affords information useful in estimating fracture volume and in well-flow planning and production scheduling.

    摘要翻译: 一种实时监测井眼穿过的地层中水力压裂的生长的方法。 通过在压裂过程中选定的时间测量井眼液体的温度来观察裂缝的生长。 温度测量通过使用在整个断裂深度间隔上延伸的垂直间隔的温度传感器串进行,并且在表面上实时地产生裂缝间隔的温度 - 深度分布。 破裂带的断裂后温度监测提供了有用的估计裂缝体积和井流规划和生产调度的信息。

    Contingency analysis information for utility service network
    35.
    发明授权
    Contingency analysis information for utility service network 有权
    公用事业服务网络应急分析信息

    公开(公告)号:US08583405B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-11-12

    申请号:US12777803

    申请日:2010-05-11

    IPC分类号: G06F11/30 G21C17/00 G06Q10/00

    CPC分类号: G06Q10/06 G06Q10/063

    摘要: A system and computer-implemented method of providing contingency analysis information for a utility service network that includes obtaining contingency analysis information from a plurality of external sources, integrally combining the contingency analysis information obtained from each of the plurality of external sources into a single application and prioritizing the contingency analysis information in a predetermined order, dynamically updating, the contingency analysis information obtained from each of the plurality of external sources and the prioritization of the contingency analysis information based on status information, and displaying the contingency analysis information to a user via a graphical user interface.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于为公用事业服务网络提供应急分析信息的系统和计算机实现的方法,包括从多个外部源获得应急分析信息,将从多个外部源中的每个获得的应急分析信息整合到单个应用中, 以预定顺序对应急分析信息进行优先排序,动态地更新从多个外部源中的每一个获得的应急分析信息和基于状态信息的应急分析信息的优先化,并且经由以下操作向用户显示应急分析信息 图形用户界面。

    Apparatus temperature control and pattern compensation
    37.
    发明授权
    Apparatus temperature control and pattern compensation 有权
    设备温度控制和模式补偿

    公开(公告)号:US08372203B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-02-12

    申请号:US11242299

    申请日:2005-09-30

    摘要: A film formation system 10 includes a processing chamber 15 bounded by sidewalls 18 and a top cover 11. In one embodiment, a susceptor 16 is rotatably disposed in the system 10, and overlaps with a first peripheral member 205 disposed around the sidewalls 18. A radiant heating system 313 is disposed under the susceptor 305 to heat the substrate 19. In another embodiment, the top cover 11 has equally spaced pyrometers 58 for measuring the temperature of the substrate 19 across a number of zones. The temperature of the substrate 19 is obtained from pyrometric data from the pyrometers 58.

    摘要翻译: 成膜系统10包括由侧壁18和顶盖11限定的处理室15.在一个实施例中,基座16可旋转地设置在系统10中,并且与设置在侧壁18周围的第一周边构件205重叠。 辐射加热系统313设置在基座305下方以加热基板19.在另一个实施例中,顶盖11具有相等间隔的高温计58,用于测量跨越多个区域的基板19的温度。 基板19的温度由来自高温计58的高温测量数据获得。

    Systems and methods for martingale boosting in machine learning
    38.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for martingale boosting in machine learning 有权
    机器学习中跆拳道增压的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08036996B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-10-11

    申请号:US12045458

    申请日:2008-03-10

    IPC分类号: G06F15/18 G06F17/18 G06F19/24

    CPC分类号: G06N99/005 G06K9/6256

    摘要: Boosting algorithms are provided for accelerated machine learning in the presence of misclassification noise. In an exemplary embodiment, a machine learning method having multiple learning stages is provided. Each learning stage may include partitioning examples into bins, choosing a base classifier for each bin, and assigning an example to a bin by counting the number of positive predictions previously made by the base classifier associated with the bin.

    摘要翻译: 提供增强算法用于在存在错误分类噪声的情况下加速机器学习。 在一个示例性实施例中,提供了具有多个学习阶段的机器学习方法。 每个学习阶段可以包括将示例分割成分区,为每个分组选择一个基本分类器,并且通过对与该分组相关联的基本分类器先前做出的肯定预测的数量进行计数,将一个示例分配给一个分组。

    Silicon carbide sleeve for substrate support assembly
    40.
    发明授权
    Silicon carbide sleeve for substrate support assembly 失效
    用于基板支撑组件的碳化硅套筒

    公开(公告)号:US06315833B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-11-13

    申请号:US09346657

    申请日:1999-07-01

    IPC分类号: C23C1600

    摘要: An apparatus for and method of supporting a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer. Silicon carbide sleeves cover substrate support members such as upwardly extending arms of a substrate carrier which is part of a substrate support assembly. The substrate carrier including the upwardly extending arms holds the substrate spaced apart from a platform such as a susceptor during loading and unloading of a processing chamber. The platform defines apertures through which the arms extend. The arms are vertically movable through the apertures with respect to the platform and engage the substrate at the substrate's edge or alternatively, inwardly from the edge.

    摘要翻译: 用于支撑诸如半导体晶片的衬底的装置和方法。 碳化硅套筒覆盖衬底支撑构件,例如作为衬底支撑组件的一部分的衬底载体的向上延伸臂。 包括向上延伸的臂的衬底载体在加工和卸载处理室期间保持衬底与诸如基座的平台间隔开。 平台限定了臂延伸通过的孔。 臂可以相对于平台垂直移动穿过孔,并且在衬底的边缘处或者从边缘向内接合衬底。