公开(公告)号：US5879831A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US544223

申请日：1995-10-17

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Dennis A. Corrigan ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Subhash K. Dhar ,  Arthur Holland ,  Donn Fillmore ,  Lin Higley ,  Philippe Gow ,  Ronald Himmler ,  Nick Karditsas ,  Kenneth Laming ,  Anthony Osgood

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Dennis A. Corrigan ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Subhash K. Dhar ,  Arthur Holland ,  Donn Fillmore ,  Lin Higley ,  Philippe Gow ,  Ronald Himmler ,  Nick Karditsas ,  Kenneth Laming ,  Anthony Osgood

IPC分类号： H01M2/12 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M10/34 ,  H01M10/50 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M2/1223 ,  H01M10/345 ,  H01M10/443 ,  H01M10/613 ,  H01M10/625 ,  H01M10/647 ,  H01M10/6551 ,  H01M10/6557 ,  H01M10/6562 ,  H01M10/658 ,  H01M2/30

摘要： Mechanically and thermally improved rechargeable batteries, modules and fluid-cooled battery pack systems. The battery is prismatic in shape with an optimized thickness to width to height aspect ratio which provides the battery with balanced optimal properties when compared with prismatic batteries lacking this optimized aspect ratio. The optimized thickness, width and height allow for maximum capacity and power output, while eliminating deleterious side affects. The battery case design allows for unidirectional expansion which is readily compensated for by applying external mechanical compression counter to that direction. In the module, the batteries are bound within a module bundling/compression means under external mechanical compression which is optimized to balance outward pressure due to expansion and provide additional inward compression to reduce the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, thereby increasing overall battery power. The fluid-cooled battery pack includes; 1) a battery-pack case having coolant inlet and outlet; 2) battery modules within the case such that the battery module is spaced from the case walls and from other battery modules to form coolant flow channels along at least one surface of the bundled batteries; and 3) at least one coolant transport means. The width of the coolant flow channels allows for maximum heat transfer. Finally the batteries, modules and packs can also include means for providing variable thermal insulation to at least that portion of the rechargeable battery system which is most directly exposed to said ambient thermal condition, so as to maintain the temperature of the rechargeable battery system within the desired operating range thereof under variable ambient conditions.

公开(公告)号：US06620539B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-16

申请号：US09797332

申请日：2001-03-01

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Subhash Dhar

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Subhash Dhar

IPC分类号： H01M400

CPC分类号： H01M8/186 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B13/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y02E60/528

摘要： Fuel cell cathodes and instant startup fuel cells employing the cathode. The cathodes operate through the mechanism of redox couples which uniquely provide multiple degrees of freedom in selecting the operating voltages available for such fuel cells. Such cathodes provide the fuel cells in which they are used a “buffer” or “charge” of oxidizer available within the cathode at all times.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池阴极和采用阴极的即时启动燃料电池。 阴极通过氧化还原电偶的机理进行操作，其独特地提供了选择可用于这种燃料电池的工作电压的多个自由度。 这样的阴极提​​供燃料电池，其中它们被使用在阴极内始终可用的氧化剂的“缓冲”或“充电”。

公开(公告)号：US06818348B1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-16

申请号：US09501944

申请日：2000-02-10

申请人： Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Kevin Fok ,  Thomas Hopper ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

发明人： Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Kevin Fok ,  Thomas Hopper ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

IPC分类号： H01M462

CPC分类号： H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/621

摘要： An active electrode composition comprising an active electrode material and a binder where the binder comprises a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, a pectin or a molasses. Preferably, the active electrode material is nickel hydroxide.

摘要翻译： 包含活性电极材料和粘合剂的活性电极组合物，其中粘合剂包含单糖，二糖，果胶或糖蜜。 优选地，活性电极材料是氢氧化镍。

公开(公告)号：US06783891B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-31

申请号：US10664016

申请日：2003-09-16

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Kevin Fok ,  Thomas Hopper

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Kevin Fok ,  Thomas Hopper

IPC分类号： H01M452

CPC分类号： H01M8/186 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B13/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M4/8621 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  Y02E60/327

摘要： Fuel cell oxygen electrode and instant startup fuel cells employing such oxygen electrode. The oxygen electrode operates through the mechanism of redox couples which uniquely provide multiple degrees of freedom in selecting the operating voltages available for such fuel cells. Such oxygen electrodes provide the fuel cells in which they are used a “buffer” or “charge” of oxidizer available within the oxygen electrode at all times.

公开(公告)号：US06447942B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

申请号：US09524116

申请日：2000-03-13

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Rosa T. Young ,  Thomas Hopper

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Rosa T. Young ,  Thomas Hopper

IPC分类号： H01M400

CPC分类号： H01M8/186 ,  B60L7/18 ,  B60L11/1885 ,  B60L11/1898 ,  B60L2240/36 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B13/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y02E60/528 ,  Y02T90/34 ,  Y10S420/90

摘要： A fuel cell which has the ability to start up instantly and can accept recaptured energy such as that of regenerative braking by operating in reverse as an electrolyzer. The instant startup fuel cells have increased efficiency and power availability (higher voltage and current) and a dramatic improvement in operating temperature range of about −20 to 150° C.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池，能够立即启动，并可通过反向作为电解槽操作，接受再生制动的再生能量。 瞬时启动燃料电池具有提高的效率和功率可用性（更高的电压和电流），并且在约-20至150℃的工作温度范围内显着改善。

公开(公告)号：US06989216B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-24

申请号：US10284817

申请日：2002-10-31

申请人： Rajeev Puttaiah ,  Zdravko Menjak ,  Latchezara M. Gradinarova ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

发明人： Rajeev Puttaiah ,  Zdravko Menjak ,  Latchezara M. Gradinarova ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/12 ,  H01M4/86

CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/0221 ,  H01M8/0232 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/242

摘要： A fuel cell utilizing parallel flow of a hydrogen stream, an oxygen stream, and an electrolyte solution with respect to the electrodes, while maintaining mechanical support within the fuel cell. The fuel cell utilizes electrode assemblies having a frame overmolded around the electrode to maintain a flow rates and low pressure throughout the fuel cell. The fuel cell is also designed to maintain mechanical support within the fuel cell while the electrodes expand and contract in response to the absorption of oxygen and hydrogen.

公开(公告)号：US06613471B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-02

申请号：US09999393

申请日：2001-10-31

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Thomas Hopper ,  Kevin Fok ,  Subhash Dhar

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Thomas Hopper ,  Kevin Fok ,  Subhash Dhar

IPC分类号： H01M486

CPC分类号： C01B3/0031 ,  C01B13/02 ,  H01M4/383 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M8/186 ,  H01M12/08 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  Y02E60/128 ,  Y02E60/327

摘要： A hydrogen storage alloy active material for the anode of Ovonic instant startup/regenerative fuel cells. The active material includes a hydrogen storage alloy material with a water reactive chemical hydride additive, which, upon utilization of the active material in an anode of an alkaline electrolyte fuel cell, gives the anode added benefits, not attainable by using hydrogen storage alloy material alone. These added benefits include 1) precharge of the hydrogen storage material with hydrogen; 2) higher porosity/increased surface area/reduced electrode polarization at high currents; 3) simplified, faster activation of the hydrogen storage alloy; and 4) optionally, enhanced corrosion protection for the hydrogen storage alloy.

公开(公告)号：US06503659B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

申请号：US09352255

申请日：1999-07-13

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Kevin Fok ,  Thomas J. Hopper ,  Lynn Taylor

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Kevin Fok ,  Thomas J. Hopper ,  Lynn Taylor

IPC分类号： H01M458

CPC分类号： H01M4/242 ,  H01M10/345

摘要： A layered hydrogen absorbing alloy electrode for an alkaline electrochemical cell. The layered electrode comprises a outer layer comprising a metal oxide, metal sulfide or mixtures thereof. The outer layer reduces the internal pressure of electrochemical cell.

摘要翻译： 一种用于碱性电化学电池的层状吸氢合金电极。 层状电极包括包含金属氧化物，金属硫化物或其混合物的外层。 外层降低了电化学电池的内部压力。

公开(公告)号：US6017655A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-25

申请号：US136129

申请日：1998-08-18

申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Rosa Young

发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar ,  Rosa Young

IPC分类号： H01M10/30 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M10/34

CPC分类号： H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M10/30 ,  H01M10/345

摘要： A positive electrode active material mixture comprising: a nickel hydroxide material, and an additive material comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of calcium cobalt oxide, calcium titanium oxide, calcium molybdenum oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, and mixtures thereof. A nickel positive electrode comprising this active material mixture. A nickel-based, alkaline electrochemical cell comprising this positive electrode.

摘要翻译： 一种正极活性物质混合物，包括：氢氧化镍材料和包含至少一种选自由钴，氧化钙，氧化钙，氧化钴，及其混合物组成的组中的元素的添加剂材料。 包含该活性物质混合物的镍正极。 包含该正极的镍基碱性电化学电池。

公开(公告)号：US20050092618A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10696986

申请日：2003-10-30

申请人： Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Stanford Ovshinsky ,  Hong Wang ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar

发明人： Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Stanford Ovshinsky ,  Hong Wang ,  Boyko Aladjov ,  Subhash Dhar

IPC分类号： C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C25B1/00 ,  C25B1/14 ,  C25B1/26 ,  C25B1/36 ,  C25B5/00 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M14/00 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25D17/00

CPC分类号： C25B1/003 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46165 ,  C25B1/14 ,  C25B1/26 ,  C25B1/36 ,  C25B5/00 ,  C25C1/02 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M14/005 ,  Y02E60/368 ,  Y02E60/566 ,  Y02P20/134

摘要： The present invention discloses a process and apparatus for removing sodium and chloride ions from an aqueous sodium chloride solution, such as seawater or brine. The process includes electrolyzing aqueous sodium chloride to remove chloride and sodium ions in the form of chlorine gas and sodium metal. Preferably, a photovoltaic device, such as a triple junction amorphous silicon solar cell, provides the electrical energy for the electrolysis. The process utilizes electrode material that facilitates the production of chlorine gas and inhibits the evolution of hydrogen from the aqueous sodium chloride solution. The sodium is deposited onto a metal surface having a high hydrogen overpotential to produce sodium amalgam. The processed solution from the electrolysis has a reduced sodium chloride content and may be further processed to produce fresh water for human consumption or agricultural purposes. The sodium amalgam is removed from the aqueous sodium chloride solution and transported to and coupled against an air depolarizing fuel cell in water to produce electrical power with the sodium air fuel cell, power that may be used to operate the apparatus or other machinery. The product of the reaction between the sodium amalgam and the fuel cell is sodium hydroxide that may be reacted with the chlorine gas to produce sodium hypochlorite.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种从氯化钠水溶液如海水或盐水中除去钠和氯离子的方法和装置。 该方法包括电解氯化钠水溶液以除去氯气和钠金属形式的氯离子和钠离子。 优选地，诸如三结非晶硅太阳能电池的光电器件提供用于电解的电能。 该方法利用促进氯气生成的电极材料，并抑制氯化钠水溶液中的氢的释放。 将钠沉积到具有高氢超电势的金属表面上以产生钠汞齐。 来自电解的经处理的溶液具有减少的氯化钠含量，并且可以进一步加工以产生用于人类消费或农业目的的淡水。 将钠汞齐从氯化钠水溶液中除去，并运输到水中的空气去极化燃料电池并与其结合，以便与钠空气燃料电池产生电力，该电力可用于操作该设备或其它机械。 钠汞齐和燃料电池之间的反应产物是可与氯气反应生成次氯酸钠的氢氧化钠。