公开(公告)号：US20090074427A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-19

申请号：US12151927

申请日：2008-05-09

申请人： Xiang Liu

发明人： Xiang Liu

IPC分类号： H04B10/06

CPC分类号： H04B10/60 ,  H04B10/2513 ,  H04B10/67 ,  H04B10/677 ,  H04B10/69

摘要： Digital compensation of the polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) effects experienced by an optical signal in a transmission link is achieved. A digital representation of the optical fields of two orthogonal polarization components of an optical signal, defined by a polarization beam splitter (PBS), is first obtained. The fiber transmission link is treated as a concatenation of multiple virtual PMD segments, each having two specific principle-state-of-polarization (PSP) axes and causing a differential group-delay (DGD) and a phase delay between two signal components that are polarized along the two PSP axes. The best guesses of the parameters of the PMD segments and the relative orientation between the PSP axes of the last PMD segment and the characteristic polarization axes of the PBS are dynamically obtained. The digital representation of at least one generic component of the field of the optical signal is then computed through matrix operations by using the best guesses.

摘要翻译： 实现了传输链路中光信号所经历的偏振模色散（PMD）效应的数字补偿。 首先获得由偏振分束器（PBS）限定的光信号的两个正交偏振分量的光场的数字表示。 光纤传输链路被视为多个虚拟PMD段的级联，每个虚拟PMD段具有两个特定的原理偏振态（PSP）轴，并导致差分组延迟（DGD）和两个信号分量之间的相位延迟 沿着两个PSP轴极化。 动态地获得PMD段的参数和最后PMD段的PSP轴与PBS的特征极化轴之间的相对取向的最佳猜测。 然后通过使用最佳猜测的矩阵运算来计算光信号的场的至少一个通用分量的数字表示。

公开(公告)号：US07466926B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-16

申请号：US10856729

申请日：2004-05-28

申请人： Yuan-Hua Kao ,  Xiang Liu

发明人： Yuan-Hua Kao ,  Xiang Liu

IPC分类号： H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/12

CPC分类号： H04B10/5561 ,  H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/508

摘要： An apparatus and method for generating chirp-free return-to-zero differential phase-shift keyed optical signals using a modulator driven by at least one 3-level return-to-zero drive signals.

摘要翻译： 一种用于使用由至少一个3电平归零驱动信号驱动的调制器来产生无啁啾的归零差分相移键控光信号的装置和方法。

公开(公告)号：US07349635B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-25

申请号：US10725342

申请日：2003-12-01

申请人： Mooi Choo Chuah ,  Randy C. Giles ,  Xiang Liu ,  Muhammad A. Qureshi

发明人： Mooi Choo Chuah ,  Randy C. Giles ,  Xiang Liu ,  Muhammad A. Qureshi

IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/1125

摘要： Method and apparatus for routing messages in a network includes first filters to provide frequency-based message signals converted from an optically-based signal and mixers adapted to mix the frequency-based message signals with sub-carriers to generate frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. A frequency generator connected to the mixers provides the sub-carriers to the mixers and a combiner connected to the mixers combines the frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. Second filters connected to the combiner receive and group the frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. Optical transmitters connected to second filters optically convert and transmit the frequency-based sub-carrier modulated message signals. The frequency generator generates and applies a particular sub-carrier frequency to one of the mixers according to information contained in the frequency-based message signal. The information is encoded into the frequency-based message signal via a generalized MPLS (GMPLS) label contained in a header portion of the frequency-based message signal.

摘要翻译： 用于在网络中路由消息的方法和装置包括：第一滤波器，用于提供从基于光学的信号转换的基于频率的消息信号，以及适于将基于频率的消息信号与子载波混合的混频器，以产生基于频率的子载波调制 消息信号。 连接到混频器的频率发生器将副载波提供给混频器，并且连接到混频器的组合器组合基于频率的子载波调制消息信号。 连接到组合器的第二滤波器接收并分组基于频率的子载波调制消息信号。 连接到第二滤波器的光发射机光学地转换和发射基于频率的子载波调制消息信号。 频率发生器根据包含在基于频率的消息信号中的信息产生特定的副载波频率到一个混频器。 该信息通过包含在基于频率的消息信号的报头部分中的广义MPLS（GMPLS）标签被编码到基于频率的消息信号中。

公开(公告)号：US07277647B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-02

申请号：US10099105

申请日：2002-03-14

申请人： Douglas M Gill ,  Xiang Liu ,  Xing Wei

发明人： Douglas M Gill ,  Xiang Liu ,  Xing Wei

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/5053 ,  H04B10/5563

摘要： Minimum shift keying (MSK) is used as the coding scheme in a high bit rate optical transmission system, and the signal format is either RZ (return-to-zero) or NRZ (non-return-to-zero). The system can combine multiple individual channels with different wavelengths in a WDM or dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) arrangement. Dispersion management can be provided using several techniques, such as quasi-linear transmissions or conventional RZ transmissions. At the transmitter, an optical MSK transmitter is used to modulate the phase of a stream of high bit rate (e.g., 40 Gbit/s) optical signals. Many such data streams can be combined in a wavelength division multiplexer and transmitted to a remote receiver, where the signal is wavelength division demultiplexed. The encoded data in each wavelength channel is then recovered by an MSK receiver, which may consist of a delay demodulator and a balanced detector.

摘要翻译： 最小移位键控（MSK）用作高比特率光传输系统中的编码方案，信号格式为RZ（归零）或NRZ（非归零）。 该系统可以在WDM或密集波分复用（DWDM）布置中组合具有不同波长的多个单独信道。 可以使用几种技术来提供色散管理，例如准线性传输或常规RZ传输。 在发射机处，使用光学MSK发射机来调制高比特率（例如40Gbit / s）光信号流的相位。 许多这样的数据流可以组合在波分多路复用器中并被发送到远程接收机，其中信号被波分解复用。 每个波长信道中的编码数据然后由MSK接收机恢复，MSK接收机可以由延迟解调器和平衡检测器组成。

公开(公告)号：US07277645B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-02

申请号：US10099077

申请日：2002-03-14

申请人： Douglas M Gill ,  Xiang Liu ,  Xing Wei

发明人： Douglas M Gill ,  Xiang Liu ,  Xing Wei

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/2563 ,  G02B2006/12142 ,  G02B2006/12159 ,  G02F1/225

摘要： A 90 degree Alternate-Phase (AP) on-off keying (OOK) transmission format for high bit rate, long-haul optical transmission systems employing a chirped or a chirp-free pulse stream generated by a pulse generator (e.g., Mach Zehnder modulator) driven by mixing two electrical signals—one for intensity modulation and another for pulse modulation. These electrical signals may be two properly skewed sinusoidal electrical signals at half the desired data rate thereby generating a pulse stream in which the maximum optical phase modulation occurs at the intensity peak of each pulse and is 90 degrees out of phase with its nearest neighbors.

摘要翻译： 采用由脉冲发生器产生的啁啾或无啁啾脉冲流的高比特率，长途光传输系统的90度交替相位（AP）开关键控（OOK）传输格式（例如，Mach Zehnder调制器 ）通过混合两个电信号驱动，一个用于强度调制，另一个用于脉冲调制。 这些电信号可以是两倍于所需数据速率的两个正确偏斜的正弦电信号，从而产生脉冲流，其中最大光相位调制发生在每个脉冲的强度峰值处，并且与其最近的相邻部分相差90度。

公开(公告)号：US20070206950A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-06

申请号：US11367119

申请日：2006-03-03

申请人： Xiang Liu ,  Carsten Metz

发明人： Xiang Liu ,  Carsten Metz

IPC分类号： H04B10/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/25755 ,  H04B10/25756

摘要： The present invention includes method and apparatus for converting optical signals to MWOF signals for transmission to wireless data, audio and/or video terminals in the W-band. Advantageously, there is no need to maintain expensive and complex remote stations because a centralized station performs all the complex processing.

摘要翻译： 本发明包括用于将光信号转换成MWOF信号以便传输到W波段中的无线数据，音频和/或视频终端的方法和装置。 有利地，不需要维护昂贵且复杂的远程站，因为集中站执行所有复杂的处理。

公开(公告)号：US20070071454A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-29

申请号：US11239656

申请日：2005-09-29

申请人： Xiang Liu ,  Lothar Benedict Josef Moeller ,  Yikai Su ,  Chongjin Xie

发明人： Xiang Liu ,  Lothar Benedict Josef Moeller ,  Yikai Su ,  Chongjin Xie

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/5165 ,  H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/5162 ,  H04B10/5167 ,  H04L7/0075 ,  H04L7/027

摘要： A method and system for ultra-high bit rate fiber-optic communications (e.g., 160 Gb/s) utilize a phase-correlated modulation format where phases of bits in adjacent four-bit groups in transmitted optical pulse trains are altered by π (or 180°).

摘要翻译： 用于超高比特率光纤通信（例如，160Gb / s）的方法和系统利用相位相关调制格式，其中传输的光脉冲串中的相邻四比特组中的比特的相位被pi（或 180°）。

公开(公告)号：US20060271691A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11438948

申请日：2006-05-23

申请人： Lawrence Jacobs ,  Shehzaad Nakhoda ,  Xiang Liu ,  Tie Zhong

发明人： Lawrence Jacobs ,  Shehzaad Nakhoda ,  Xiang Liu ,  Tie Zhong

IPC分类号： G06F15/16

CPC分类号： H04N1/00132 ,  H04L67/22 ,  H04L67/306 ,  H04N1/00148 ,  H04N1/00172 ,  H04N1/00177 ,  H04N1/00196 ,  H04N1/00244

摘要： A system and method for sharing images and collaborating in the selection of images likely to be interest to a user. Images (e.g., photos) are shared within a community of users, by allowing user to access any unrestricted community image, recommend an image to another user, assemble compilations of any images the user can access, etc. Various metrics regarding user activity are tracked, such as how often an image was viewed, downloaded, recommended, included in a compilation, printed, edited, etc. The metric values may be normalized, and then weighted and combined to produce, for each image, a ranking or rating personalized to an individual user. Ratings of images for a user may be used to order them for electronic presentation, assemble a set of images for an electronic compilation (e.g., an online album) or physical compilation (e.g., a photo book, a yearbook) or for some other purpose.

摘要翻译： 用于共享图像并协作选择可能对用户感兴趣的图像的系统和方法。 图像（例如，照片）在用户社区内共享，允许用户访问任何无限制的社区图像，向其他用户推荐图像，组合用户可访问的任何图像的汇编等。跟踪用户活动的各种指标 ，例如图像被查看，下载，推荐，包含在编辑，打印，编辑等中的频率。度量值可以被归一化，然后被加权并组合以产生针对每个图像的个性化的排名或评级 个人用户 可以使用用户的图像评级进行电子表示，组合一组用于电子编辑的图像（例如，在线相册）或物理编辑（例如，照相簿，年鉴）或用于某种其他目的 。

公开(公告)号：US07143244B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-28

申请号：US10727308

申请日：2003-12-02

申请人： Shu Ling ,  Xiang Liu ,  Fredric Goell ,  Lawrence Jacobs

发明人： Shu Ling ,  Xiang Liu ,  Fredric Goell ,  Lawrence Jacobs

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0808

摘要： A system and method for communicating a side effect of one data request, or other event, as part of a response to another data request or event. The side effect may include notification of the invalidation of cached data, from an upstream cache to a downstream cache. The upstream cache may store invalidation notifications as they are generated or received, and as responses to data requests are sent downstream, piggyback or merge one or more notifications with a response. This scheme avoids the need to open separate communication connections using specified invalidation accounts and passwords.

摘要翻译： 用于传达一个数据请求或其他事件的副作用的系统和方法，作为对另一个数据请求或事件的响应的一部分。 副作用可能包括从上游缓存到下游缓存的缓存数据无效通知。 上游缓存可以在生成或接收时存储无效通知，并且作为对数据请求的响应被发送到下游，捎带或将一个或多个通知与响应合并。 该方案避免了使用指定的无效帐户和密码打开单独的通信连接。

公开(公告)号：US06973536B1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-06

申请号：US09944832

申请日：2001-08-31

申请人： Lawrence Jacobs ,  Xiang Liu ,  Marcin Porwit ,  James Feenan ,  William Wright

发明人： Lawrence Jacobs ,  Xiang Liu ,  Marcin Porwit ,  James Feenan ,  William Wright

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F12/0813 ,  G06F12/0824 ,  G06F12/0871 ,  G06F12/0888 ,  G06F2212/1016 ,  G06F2212/263 ,  G06F2212/284

摘要： A self-adaptive hybrid cache and method of caching data objects. A set of cacheable data objects is partitioned among a set of cooperating caches (e.g., a cache cluster). A hybrid cache is configured to cache data objects that it owns (i.e., objects in its partition) as primary content and to also cache data objects that are owned by other caches as secondary content (e.g., based on demand for such objects). A hybrid cache stores and/or removes objects based on criteria such as validity, popularity, size, age, cost of replacing, amount of available cache space, whether the objects are primary or secondary, etc. Over time, the amount or ratio of primary and secondary data that a hybrid cache stores may fluctuate dynamically.

摘要翻译： 一种自适应混合缓存和缓存数据对象的方法。 一组可缓存数据对象在一组协作高速缓存（例如，高速缓存群集）之间被分区。 混合缓存被配置为将其拥有的数据对象（即，其分区中的对象）作为主要内容进行缓存，并且还将由其他高速缓存所拥有的数据对象作为次要内容（例如，基于对这些对象的需求）进行高速缓存。 混合高速缓存基于诸如有效性，流行度，大小，年龄，替换成本，可用高速缓存空间量，对象是主要还是次要等等标准来存储和/或移除对象。随着时间的推移，数量或比例 混合高速缓存存储的主要和次要数据可能会动态地波动。