摘要:
A method and apparatus for removing conductive material from a substrate surface are provided. In one embodiment, a method is provided for electrochemical mechanical polishing of a substrate. A substrate comprising dielectric feature definitions, a barrier material disposed on the feature definitions, and a bulk conductive material in an amount sufficient to fill the feature definitions is provided. The substrate is exposed to an electrolyte solution. A passivation layer is formed on the conductive material. The passivation strength of the passivation layer is increased by polishing the substrate with a first voltage for a first time period. The substrate is polished with a second voltage higher than the first voltage for a second time period. Conductive material is removed from at least a portion of the substrate surface by anodic dissolution.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for processing barrier and metals disposed on a substrate in an electrochemical mechanical planarizing system are provided. In certain embodiments a method for electroprocessing a substrate is provided. The method comprises contacting the substrate with the non-conductive surface of a polishing pad assembly, establishing a first electrically conductive path through an electrolyte between an exposed layer of barrier material and a first electrode, establishing a second electrically conductive path through the electrolyte between the exposed layer of barrier material and a second electrode, applying a voltage to the first electrode to cause a voltage drop between the substrate and the second electrode, and removing the barrier material from the substrate.
摘要:
A method for processing a substrate having a conductive layer disposed thereon is provided. The substrate is coupled with a planarizing head. The planarizing head is moved to a position above a polishing pad assembly. The planarizing pad is positioned relative to the polishing pad assembly without applying a voltage to the substrate. A first voltage is applied to the substrate for a first time period. A second voltage is applied to the substrate for a second time period in order to remove a portion of the conductive layer, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage. In certain embodiments, applying a first voltage to the substrate further comprises forming a uniform passivation layer on the conductive layer.
摘要:
An article of manufacture and apparatus are provided for processing a substrate surface. In one aspect, an article of manufacture is provided for polishing a substrate including polishing article comprising a body having at least a partially conductive polishing surface. An electrode is disposed below the polishing surface having a dielectric material therebetween. A plurality of apertures may be formed in the polishing surface and the dielectric material to at least partially expose the electrode to the polishing surface. A membrane may be disposed between the electrode and the polishing surface that is permeable to ions and current to promote continuity between the electrode and the polishing surface.
摘要:
Provided is a fluorescence reader that uses two excitation channels and can read up to seven different fluorescent dyes in a single run. Each excitation channel has one light source and one single excitation filter and one dichroic mirror. One excitation channel is capable of exciting multiple fluorescent dyes and can be used to distinguish multiple dyes in combination with multiple emission filters. The excitation channels are driven by a motor that can automatically switch the two excitation channels for taking images of up to seven different fluorescent dyes. An algorithm to calibrate the crosstalk between different fluorescent dyes is also provided. Also provided is a method for analyzing digital PCR data using a ratio of two fluorescence emission readings.
摘要:
Provided is a fluorescence reader that uses two excitation channels and can read up to seven different fluorescent dyes in a single run. Each excitation channel has one light source and one single excitation filter and one dichroic mirror. One excitation channel is capable of exciting multiple fluorescent dyes and can be used to distinguish multiple dyes in combination with multiple emission filters. The excitation channels are driven by a motor that can automatically switch the two excitation channels for taking images of up to seven different fluorescent dyes. An algorithm to calibrate the crosstalk between different fluorescent dyes is also provided. Also provided is a method for analyzing digital PCR data using a ratio of two fluorescence emission readings.
摘要:
Provided is a fluorescence reader that uses two excitation channels and can read up to seven different fluorescent dyes in a single run. Each excitation channel has one light source and one single excitation filter and one dichroic mirror. One excitation channel is capable of exciting multiple fluorescent dyes and can be used to distinguish multiple dyes in combination with multiple emission filters. The excitation channels are driven by a motor that can automatically switch the two excitation channels for taking images of up to seven different fluorescent dyes. An algorithm to calibrate the crosstalk between different fluorescent dyes is also provided. Also provided is a method for analyzing digital PCR data using a ratio of two fluorescence emission readings.
摘要:
A wireless receiving circuit and a wireless control device. The wireless receiving circuit includes a signal receiving module, a Bluetooth signal processing module, a voltage stabilization module, and an output control module. An output end of the signal receiving module is connected with an input end of the Bluetooth signal processing module, and a voltage end of the Bluetooth signal processing module is connected with an output end of the voltage stabilization module. An output end of the Bluetooth signal processing module is connected with an input end of the output control module. The signal receiving module is to receive an external Bluetooth signal and is to transmit the signal to the Bluetooth signal processing module. The Bluetooth signal processing module is to process the external Bluetooth signal and is to transmit a control signal to the output control module.