摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing optically active carbonyl compounds by asymmetrically hydrogenating α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in the presence of optically active transition metal catalysts which are soluble in the reaction mixture and have at least one carbon monoxide ligand, the optically active catalyst which has at least one carbon monoxide ligand and is to be used in each case being prepared by pretreating a catalyst precursor with a gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen and the asymmetric hydrogenation being performed in the presence of carbon monoxide supplied additionally to the reaction mixture.
摘要:
Pnicogen chelate compounds which have two pnicogen-containing groups joined to one another via a xanthene-like or triptycene-like molecular skeleton and in which at least one pyrrole group is covalently bound via its nitrogen atom to each pnicogen atom form complexes with metals of transition group VIII which are useful as catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing dialdehydes and/or ethylenically unsaturated monoaldehydes by reacting at least one compound with at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylating catalyst with at least one complex of a metal of subgroup VIII. The subgroup comprises at least pnicogen chelate ligands.
摘要:
Process for preparing saturated aliphatic Cn-aldehydes and Cn-1-alkanes, where n is from 4 to 20, which comprises a) providing a feed gas stream comprising one or more Cn-1-alkanes, b) subjecting the Cn-1-alkanes to a catalytic dehydrogenation to give a product gas stream comprising unreacted Cn-1-alkanes, one or more Cn-1-alkenes and secondary constituents, c) at least partly hydroformylating the Cn-1-alkenes in the presence of the Cn-1-alkanes and possibly the secondary constituents by means of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst to give the Cn-aldehydes, d) separating the product mixture obtained to give a stream comprising the Cn-aldehydes and a stream comprising Cn-1-alkanes and possibly secondary constituents, e) recirculating at least part of the gas stream comprising the Cn-1-alkanes and possibly the secondary constituents as recycle gas stream to the catalytic alkane dehydrogenation (step b)).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing dialdehydes and/or ethylenically unsaturated monoaldehydes by reacting at least one compound with at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylating catalyst with at least one complex of a metal of subgroup VIII. The subgroup comprises at least pnicogen chelate ligands.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of aldehydes and/or alcohols or amines by reacting olefins in the liquid phase with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, a part of these gases being dispersed in the form of gas bubbles in the reaction liquid and another part being dissolved in the reaction liquid, in the presence or absence of a primary or secondary amine and in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl, rhodium carbonyl, palladium carbonyl or ruthenium carbonyl complex dissolved homogeneously in the reaction liquid and having a phosphorus-, arsenic-, antimony- or nitrogen-containing ligand, at elevated temperatures and at 1 to 100 bar, wherein the reaction is carried out in a vertically arranged, tubular reactor comprising a reactor body and at least one circulation line, a part of the reaction liquid is fed continuously via the circulation line to at least one nozzle which is mounted in the upper part of the reactor body and is coordinated with a guide member, open at the top and bottom and bounded by parallel walls, in the interior of the reactor and with a baffle present below the lower opening of the guide member, and a downward-directed liquid stream containing dispersed gas bubbles is produced by means of this nozzle in this guide member and, after leaving the guide member, is deflected into a stream flowing upward in the space between the wall of the guide member and the wall of the reactor body and is sucked into the guide member at the upper end of the guide member by the jet of the nozzle coordinated with the guide member.
摘要:
Ethylenically unsaturated compounds are hydroformylated in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst comprising at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII with at least one phosphorus-containing compound as ligand, where this compound contains two groups which contain P atoms and are bound to a molecular skeleton derived from bisphenol A.
摘要:
Phosphabenzene compounds of the formula (I) where the radicals R1 to R13 are, independently of one another, hydrogen, COOM, SO3M, NR3X, NR2, OR, COOR or SR (where M=hydrogen, NH4 or alkali metal, X=anion, R=hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl), or C1-C12-alkyl, C6-C12-aryl, C7-C12-aralkyl, C7-C12-alkaryl or C3-C6-heteroaromatics, where the alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl radicals may bear the abovementioned radicals as substituents and two or more of the radicals may be joined to form aliphatic or fused-on rings, where at least one of the radicals R4 and R8 and at least one of the radicals R9 and R13 is not hydrogen, can be used for preparing hydroformylation catalysts.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the production of aldehydes or aldehydes and alcohols by hydroformylation of olefins in the presence of a complexing catalyst homogeneously dissolved in a reaction mixture, containing a metal of Group VIIIa of the periodic table of the elements and a phosphorus-free, polydentate nitrogen compound suitable for complex formation as ligand at temperatures ranging from 50 to 100° C. and pressures from 20 to 1,000 bar and recirculating the catalyst complex in the hydroformylation reaction, wherein a) derivatized polyamines are used that are substantially non-water soluble and suitable for complex formation and have a mean molecular weight of more than 1,000 Dalton and at least 10 nitrogen atoms; b) the catalyst complex remaining in the bottom of the distillation column and the excess ligands obtained from the reaction mixture are recirculated totally or partially in the hydroformylation once the hydroformylation reaction and the separation or partial separation by distillation of the aldehydes and the alcohols has been completed; c) continues or at least batchwise evacuation of at least part of the high boiler from the bottom of the distillation of the reaction mixture is then carried out.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of aldehydes or aldehydes and alcohols by hydroformylation of olefins containing more than 3 carbon atoms, comprising a hydroformylation stage, in which the olefin is hydroformylated under a pressure of form 50 to 1000 bar and at a temperature of from 50° to 180° C. by means of a rhodium catalyst dissolved in a homogenous reaction medium and a catalyst recovery stage comprising extraction of the rhodium catalyst with an aqueous solution of chelating agent, isolation of alcohols and/or aldehyde from the extracted hydroformylation product steam, precarbonylation of the aqueous rhodium-containing extract in the presence of carbon monoxide, synthesis gas as, or a gas mixture containing carbon monoxide under a pressure of from 50 to 1000 bar and at a temperature of from 50° to 180° C., separation of the effluent of the precarbonylation stage into an organic phase containing the major portion of the rhodium and an aqueous phase containing the chelating agent and recycling of the organic phase to the hydroformylation stage, where the rhodium catalyst is extracted from the effluent of the hydroformylation stage using an aqueous solution of a sulfonic acid group-free, water-soluble polymer capable of chelating rhodium.