摘要:
A surface treatment of electrical contact pieces in electrolytic plants, in particular of machines for the treatment of circuit boards and conductor sheets is discloses, wherein the contact pieces are made of titanium or some other oxidizing and therefore chemically and electrochemically resistant material. To eliminate unwanted metallization of the contact pieces as a result of an inadequate demetallization on account of the insulating oxide layer and in order to enhance protection against wear, an electrically conductive diamond coating is applied at least on the contact-making areas of the contact pieces.
摘要:
A device and method for increasing the mass transport rate of a chemical or electrochemical process at the solid and fluid interface in a fluid cell. The device includes a membrane in close contact with surface of the work piece, to separate the process cell into two chambers, so that fluid velocity at the work piece is controlled separately from the main cell flow. Thus the diffusion boundary layer is controlled and minimized by the rate that fluid is withdrawn from the work piece chamber.
摘要:
An edge protector for an electrode found in the electro-winning process. The protector uses an inner core configured to accept an edge of the electrode. This inner core is made from a first material which is chosen because of its ability to withstand high temperatures. Pliable lips, made from a resilient second material chosen due to its flexible nature, form a seal with the faces of the electrode. The pliable lips and the inner core are covered by a resilient skin made from a third material which withstands impace damage to the edge protector.
摘要:
An electrolyte bath and method of electrolytically plating a layer of metallic chromium on a substrate comprises providing an electrolyte bath of a trivalent chromium, passing a current through the bath from an anode to a cathode which receives the substrate, maintaining the electrolyte bath at a desired temperature and a desired pH and depositing the trivalent chromium onto the substrate at a desired rate.
摘要:
Embodiments of a ball assembly are provided. In one embodiment, a ball assembly includes a housing, a ball, a conductive adapter and a contact element. The housing has an annular seat extending into a first end of an interior passage. The conductive adapter is coupled to a second end of the housing. The contact element electrically couples the adapter and the ball with is retained in the housing between seat and the adapter.
摘要:
A process for metallization of a workpiece, such as a semiconductor workpiece. In an embodiment, an alkaline electrolytic copper bath is used to electroplate copper onto a seed layer, electroplate copper directly onto a barrier layer material, or enhance an ultra-thin copper seed layer which has been deposited on the barrier layer using a deposition process such as PVD. The resulting copper layer provides an excellent conformal copper coating that fills trenches, vias, and other microstructures in the workpiece. When used for seed layer enhancement, the resulting copper seed layer provide an excellent conformal copper coating that allows the microstructures to be filled with a copper layer having good uniformity using electrochemical deposition techniques. Further, copper layers that are electroplated in the disclosed manner exhibit low sheet resistance and are readily annealed at low temperatures.
摘要:
An electrode for electrolytic processing has a conductive material and an organic compound having an ion exchange group. The organic compound is chemically bonded to a surface of the conductive material. The organic compound comprises thiol or disulfide. The ion exchange group comprises at least one of a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, a quaternary ammonium group, and an amino group. The conductive material includes at least one of gold, silver, platinum, copper, gallium arsenide, cadmium sulfide, and indium oxide (III).
摘要:
An electrochemical device for scale treatment in water supply systems, having: (a) an electrochemical cell including: (i) a metallic tank for receiving a water supply, the tank forming a cathode of the electrochemical cell; and (ii) at least one anode, disposed within the tank; the electrochemical cell being operative to produce a pH above 12 near a wall of the tank, so as to form a scale deposition on the wall, thereby removing the deposition from the water supply; (b) an elastic scraper disposed for scraping the inner wall of the tank, and (c) a control system for the elastic scraper, designed and configured to activate the scraper so as to promote the deposition of scale on the wall.
摘要:
A metal plating bath containing alcohol compounds that inhibit or retard the consumption of plating bath additives. The additives are chemical compounds that improve the brightness of the plated metal, the physical properties of the plated metal especially with respect to ductility and the micro-throwing power as well as the macro-throwing power of the plating bath. The alcohol compounds that inhibit or retard the consumption of additives increases the life of the plating bath and improves the efficiency of the plating process. The plating baths containing the alcohol compounds that inhibit or retard additive consumption can be employed to plate copper, gold, silver, palladium, platinum, cobalt, cadmium, chromium, bismuth, indium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium.