摘要:
Trickle bed reactors are prone to channelling, flooding, and similar flow problems. It has been found that these problems can be avoided by the use of a microporous membrane to separate a reactant fluid phase from a catalysis fluid phase surrounding a catalyst bed. An advantage of such a reactor is that the fluid flows can be separately controlled. An apparatus useful as a trickle bed reactor can include a plurality of microporous hollow fibers arranged in a shell-and-tube configuration within a housing. Such an apparatus is operated with a reactant fluid phase flowing through the fibers and with a catalyst bed on the shell-side of the arrangement.
摘要:
A process is described for producing sulphuric acid from sulphur dioxide (SO.sub.2) wherein two fluid streams, in the form of a gaseous SO.sub.2 gas and oxygen (air), and a liquid, primary sulphuric acid and water, are contacted with each other and a catalyst assembly at a temperature in the range 150.degree. to 280.degree. C., the catalyst assembly comprising, for example, non-combustible, sulphuric acid resistant, porous ceramic supports with outer, porous membrane coatings on them of, say, polytetrafluorethylene, which is a process temperature and sulphuric acid resistant, water repellent, gaseous sulphur dioxide and oxygen gas permeable, high molecular, organic polymeric material, and platinum crystallites dispersed on the support in the polytetrafluorethylene so that:(i) gaseous sulphur dioxide and oxygen are catalytically combined to form sulphur trioxide,(ii) exothermic heat generated in the catalyst assembly by the formation of sulphur trioxide therein dissipated by the sulphuric acid and water,(iii) the sulphur trioxide and the water combine to form secondary sulphuric acid, and(iv) the primary sulphuric acid combines with the secondary sulphuric acid to form a relatively more concentrated sulphuric acid solution therewith which is collected.
摘要:
In a process for the catalytic oxidation of gaseous sulfur compounds to sulfur trioxide comprising passing said gaseous sulfur compounds through a plurality of serially connected catalytic stages at 400.degree.-580.degree. C., the improvement which comprises circulating a liquid heat exchange medium in indirect heat exchange relationship to the reaction gases in the catalytic stages and with a heat consumer and optionally a heat source at a rate and amount such that the liquid heat exchange medium absorbs substantially all the exothermic reaction heat and fluctuates no more than 5 centrigrade degrees, thereby controlling the temperature of said catalytic stages.
摘要:
A contact system for production of sulphuric acid of a high yield, especially of pyrite or roaster gases by means of the contact method in a system of single- or double-stage conversion consists of a number of separate contact units, each of them including one layer of a catalyst and a heat exchanger. A layer of a catalyst is in the form of a vertical cylinder, and in the space enclosed by the said layer a heat exchanger is situated. A contact apparatus is provided with a helical guide of the gas supplied onto a layer of the catalyst.
摘要:
Reactor pressure vessel with reactant fluid injectors for forming a liquid environment of an oxygen carrier fluid, sulphur and water in the presence of a catalyst to yield sulphuric acid and heat exchangers to capture generated heat.
摘要:
Concentrated sulfuric acid and/or oleum is prepared by the catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide using a gas containing water vapor, SO.sub.2 and oxygen. The catalytic oxidation is carried out in two stages. After the first stage an intermediate cooling of the reaction gas, and absorption of the water vapor content and an intermediate absorption of the sulfur trioxide formed in the first stage are performed. In the second stage the unreacted SO.sub.2 is catalytically oxidized to SO.sub.3 in the absence of water vapor, this SO.sub.3 being absorbed in sulfuric acid. An apparatus for carrying out the process is disclosed including a primary catalysis stage, means for the intermediate cooling of the reaction gas, means for the removal of the water vapor content, means for the intermediate absorption of the SO.sub.2 of the first stage, a secondary stage for the catalytic oxidation of the unreacted sulfur dioxide in the absence of water and an end absorption unit for SO.sub.2 absorption produced in the secondary stage.
摘要:
A process for removing sulfur trioxide from gases wherein the sulfur trioxide-containing gas is treated with sulfuric acid in a Venturi absorber, the sulfur-trioxide laden sulfuric acid is passed in indirect heat exchange with a cooling fluid within the widening outlet of the absorber and the sulfur trioxide-laden sulfuric acid is separated from the gas phase.