公开(公告)号：US20050253074A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-17

申请号：US11130631

申请日：2005-05-16

申请人： William Jones ,  Johnny Reed

发明人： William Jones ,  Johnny Reed

IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/29

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  A61B6/037 ,  G06T1/20

摘要： A device for improved on-line histogramming of data acquired in a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan. The device is a Smart DRAM (SD) PCI card, of which more than one can be used in combination within a PC-based architecture for on-line histogramming. The SD PCI card is applied as either of a Gating Buffer, a histogramming card, and a normalization buffer. The Gating Buffer card alternately stores an arriving PET data packet stream into two dedicated DRAM banks. The two DRAM banks store and retransmit the packet stream in the order of arrival for an entire physiological cycle. The histogramming SD RMW PCI cards provide a very high rate of histogramming. The extendible daisy-chain of SD RMW PCI cards supports large memory banks across potentially hundreds of SD RMW PCI cards. Under a single PC, a multiple PCI Expansion chassis is employed such that a large number of PCI cards are supported.

摘要翻译： 用于改进在正电子发射断层扫描（PET）扫描中获取的数据的在线直方图的装置。 该设备是智能DRAM（SD）PCI卡，其中多个可以在基于PC的架构中组合使用，用于在线直方图。 SD PCI卡被应用为门控缓冲器，直方图卡和归一化缓冲器中的任何一个。 门控缓冲卡交替地将到达的PET数据分组流存储到两个专用DRAM组中。 两个DRAM银行以整个生理周期的顺序存储和重新发送分组流。 直方图SD RMW PCI卡提供非常高的直方图率。 SD RMW PCI卡的可扩展菊花链支持可能存在数百个SD RMW PCI卡的大型存储库。 在单个PC下，使用多个PCI扩展机箱，以支持大量的PCI卡。

公开(公告)号：US06852980B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-08

申请号：US09982344

申请日：2001-10-18

申请人： William F. Jones ,  Bernard Bendriem ,  Michael E. Casey

发明人： William F. Jones ,  Bernard Bendriem ,  Michael E. Casey

IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/29

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  A61B6/037 ,  A61B6/5205

摘要： A method and apparatus for on-line DOI rebinning for LSO PET/SPECT to improve spatial resolution, for use in a hybrid Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) system running in PET-mode. Data acquisition hardware is used to feed a detector pair coincidence event stream to an on-line rebinner. Gamma centroid location measurements are made by rastering assumed transaxial and radial head positions and the corresponding rebinning maps for optimal back-projected image resolution. Optimal positions are found by collecting a 64-bit list mode file, assuming a crystal position as the centroid for each of the heads, defining a sequence for varying the assumed positions, making the rebinning look-up tables, rebinning the list mode data, histogramming and reconstructing the image, assessing the image resolution, recording the best resolution number and the associated trial position variables, repeating these on the next trial variable set.

摘要翻译： 用于LSO PET / SPECT的在线DOI重组以提高空间分辨率的方法和装置，用于以PET模式运行的混合正电子发射断层扫描（PET）/单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）系统。 数据采集​​硬件用于将检测器对重合事件流馈送到在线重组器。 伽马重心位置测量是通过对假设的横轴和径向头部位置以及相应的重新组合图进行掠夺来实现最佳背投影图像分辨率。 通过收集64位列表模式文件，假设晶体位置为每个头的质心，定义用于改变假定位置的序列，使重新排列查找表，重新列出列表模式数据，找到最佳位置， 直方图和重建图像，评估图像分辨率，记录最佳分辨率数字和相关联的试验位置变量，在下一个试验变量集中重复这些变量。

公开(公告)号：US20040031925A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-19

申请号：US10222091

申请日：2002-08-16

申请人： CTI PET Systems, Inc.

发明人： J. Clifton Moyers ,  John G. Hoffman

IPC分类号： G01T001/164 ,  G21G004/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  A61B6/037 ,  G01T1/1648

摘要： An apparatus for providing source information to a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner upon demand, and a method for using same. An intelligent coincidence transmission source with multiple point sources includes data in a storage device. The data includes the date of manufacture, the activity level at that date, and other information. The data is provided to the scanner's computer system upon demand. The apparatus includes flexible means for maintaining electrical communication between the data storage device and the scanner.

摘要翻译： 一种根据需要向正电子发射断层摄影（PET）扫描仪提供源信息的装置及其使用方法。 具有多个点源的智能符合传输源包括存储设备中的数据。 数据包括制造日期，该日期的活动级别和其他信息。 根据需要将数据提供给扫描仪的计算机系统。 该装置包括用于维持数据存储装置和扫描仪之间的电通信的灵活装置。

公开(公告)号：US20030190065A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-09

申请号：US10397597

申请日：2003-03-26

申请人： CTI PET Systems, Inc.

发明人： James J. Hamill ,  Christian J. Michel

IPC分类号： G01T005/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985

摘要： A method for performing accurate iterative reconstruction of image data sets based on Approximate Discrete Radon Transformation (ADRT). ADRT and its inverse are implemented to provide exactly matched forward and backward projectors suitable for the Maximum-Likelihood Expectation-Maximization (ML-EM) reconstruction in PET. A 2D EM reconstruction algorithm is accomplished by initializing an estimation image. A back projection of the projection weights is then formed. A loop is begun with a controlled number of iterations. The estimated image is then forward projected using linogram coordinates. A correction ratio linogram is formed and correction factors are back projected. A normalization factor is then applied. This 2D EM method is extendable into 3D reconstructions using 3D PET lines of response. Forward projection is performed on planes extracted from the image voxels. Back projection is also performed in 2D planes, which are subsequently added into the 3D array with the correct orientations.

摘要翻译： 一种基于近似离散氡变换（ADRT）对图像数据集执行精确迭代重建的方法。 实现了ADRT及其逆向提供精确匹配的向前和向后投影机，适用于PET中的最大似然预期最大化（ML-EM）重建。 通过初始化估计图像来实现2D EM重建算法。 然后形成投影重物的背投。 一个循环以受控数量的迭代开始。 然后使用线绘图坐标向前投影估计的图像。 形成校正比例线性图，并且校正因子被反映出来。 然后应用归一化因子。 这种2D EM方法可以使用3D PET线的响应扩展到3D重建中。 在从图像体素提取的平面上进行前向投影。 背投影也在2D平面中进行，随后将其以正确的方向添加到3D阵列中。

公开(公告)号：US20030161521A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-28

申请号：US10086906

申请日：2002-02-28

申请人： CTI PET Systems, Inc.

发明人： Danny F. Newport ,  Michael E. Casey ,  Wing K. Luk ,  Johnny H. Reed

IPC分类号： G06K009/00

CPC分类号： G06T11/005 ,  G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/428 ,  Y10S128/922

摘要： Apparatus and methods for three dimensional image reconstruction from data acquired in a positron emission tomograph (PET). This invention uses a parallel/pipelined architecture for processing the acquired data as it is acquired from the scanner. The asynchronously acquired data is synchronously stepped through the stages performing histogramming, normalization, transmission/attenuation, Mu image reconstruction, attenuation correction, rebinning, image reconstruction, scatter correction, and image display.

摘要翻译： 在正电子发射断层扫描（PET）中获取的数据进行三维图像重建的装置和方法。 本发明使用并行/流水线架构来处理从扫描器获取的所获取的数据。 通过执行直方图，归一化，发送/衰减，Mu图像重建，衰减校正，重组，图像重建，散射校正和图像显示的阶段，异步采集的数据被同步地步进。

公开(公告)号：US20030021375A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-30

申请号：US10210323

申请日：2002-08-01

申请人： CTI PET Systems, Inc.

发明人： William F. Jones ,  Charles Watson

IPC分类号： G01N023/06

CPC分类号： G01T1/1648

摘要： A coincidence transmission source serves to detect coincident activity from a radiation source. The coincidence transmission source includes a detector dedicated to collecting attenuation data. A collimated radiation source and a detector are positioned with respect to a tomography device such that only a selected strip of the imaging detector of the tomograph is illuminated such that events unrelated to the attenuation are eliminated. The coincidence transmission source includes a collimator in which is disposed a radiation source. An opening is defined by the collimator for exposing a selected portion of the imaging detectors of the tomograph device. Positioned behind the radiation source, relative to the imaging detectors, is the dedicated attenuation detector. The attenuation detector and collimator are designed to illuminate only a strip of the imaging detector, thereby eliminating events not of interest in the attenuation measurement. An arrangement of fiber optics are interconnected between a plurality of dedicated gamma radiation detectors and a lesser number of photomultiplier tubes. The arrangement of fiber optics is designed such that the address of a particular gamma radiation detector is readily discernable while minimizing the number of PMT's required to process data accumulated by the gamma radiation detectors. In one embodiment, the attenuation point sources are disposed in a two-dimensional array to effectively minimize gamma crosstalk.

摘要翻译： 符合传输源用于检测来自辐射源的重合活动。 符合传输源包括专用于收集衰减数据的检测器。 准直辐射源和检测器相对于断层摄影装置定位，使得只有层析成像仪的成像检测器的选定条带被照亮，从而消除与衰减无关的事件。 重合传输源包括其中设置有辐射源的准直仪。 由准直器限定开口以暴露层析成像装置的成像检测器的选定部分。 相对于成像检测器定位在辐射源之后，是专用的衰减检测器。 衰减检测器和准直器被设计为仅照射成像检测器的条带，从而消除衰减测量中不感兴趣的事件。 光纤的布置在多个专用γ辐射检测器和较少数量的光电倍增管之间互连。 光纤的布置被设计成使得特定伽马辐射检测器的地址容易辨别，同时最小化处理由伽马辐射检测器累积的数据所需的PMT的数量。 在一个实施例中，将衰减点源设置为二维阵列以有效地最小化伽马串扰。

公开(公告)号：US20020163994A1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-07

申请号：US10179060

申请日：2002-06-25

申请人： CTI PET Systems, Inc.

发明人： William F. Jones

IPC分类号： G21K001/12

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  A61B5/1114 ,  A61B5/1127 ,  A61B5/415 ,  A61B5/418 ,  A61B6/037

摘要： A device and method for on-line correction of patient motion in three-dimensional positron emission tomography. The devices encompass an on-line hardware pipelining architecture to support 3D translation, normalization, and weighted histogramming as required. Five stages of processing for the PET event stream are utilized in the present invention. Each stage feeds the next with progressively modified event packets proceeding at a processing speed of at least 10M packets/sec. Stage 1 calculates an event correction factor (ECF) for each incoming detector-pair event packet. This ECF is incorporated into the event packet for use later in Stage 5. Stage 2 converts the detector-index-pair content of each packet into (x,y,z) pair content. Specifically, the representation of each detector element is converted from a discrete crystal index into a 3-D coordinate index. Stage 3 transforms the (x,y,z) pair into an (xnull,ynull,znull) pair. Stage 4 converts the (xnull,ynull,znull) pair into a bin address. Output from Stage 5 is a normalized projection data set available at the end of each acquisition frame. Stage 5 performs on-line weighted histogramming.

摘要翻译： 用于在三维正电子发射断层扫描中在线校正患者运动的装置和方法。 这些设备包括在线硬件流水线架构，以支持3D转换，归一化和加权直方图。 在本发明中利用了PET事件流的五个处理阶段。 每个阶段以至少10M分组/秒的处理速度进行下一步，逐渐修改的事件分组进行。 阶段1计算每个输入检测器对事件包的事件校正因子（ECF）。 该ECF被合并到事件分组中以在阶段5中稍后使用。阶段2将每个分组的检测器 - 索引对内容转换为（x，y，z）对内容。 具体地，每个检测器元件的表示从离散晶体索引转换成3-D坐标指数。 阶段3将（x，y，z）对变换为（x'，y'，z'）对。 阶段4将（x'，y'，z'）对转换为bin地址。 来自阶段5的输出是在每个采集帧结束时可用的归一化投影数据集。 阶段5执行在线加权直方图。

公开(公告)号：US06903344B2

公开(公告)日：2005-06-07

申请号：US10396543

申请日：2003-03-25

申请人： John E. Breeding ,  John W. Young ,  Mark Musrock

发明人： John E. Breeding ,  John W. Young ,  Mark Musrock

IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/29

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  A61B6/037

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining and correcting the baseline of a continuously sampled signal for use in positron emission tomography. The method employs continuous signal sampling to determine the signal level at time t(0) so that an accurate determination of an integrated signal may be calculated, resulting in an accurate energy estimate for an ac-coupled, continuously-sampled signal at various count rates. The device includes a front-end electronics processing channel including primarily an analog CMOS ASIC, a bank of ADCs, an FPGA-based digital sequencer, and two RAMs. The processing electronics perform continuous digital integration of PMT signals to obtain normalized position and energy. Continuous baseline restoration (BLR) is used, wherein the baseline of the signal pulses are placed at mid-scale by continuously sampling the ADC, thus always making available the past history. A correction signal is generated for use in negative feedback control of the baseline.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定和校正用于正电子发射断层摄影的连续采样信号的基线的方法和装置。 该方法采用连续信号采样来确定时间t（0）处的信号电平，从而可以计算积分信号的精确确定，从而得到以不同计数速率的交流耦合连续采样信号的精确能量估计 。 该器件包括一个前端电子处理通道，主要包括模拟CMOS ASIC，一组ADC，基于FPGA的数字定序器和两个RAM。 处理电子执行PMT信号的连续数字集成以获得归一化的位置和能量。 使用连续基线恢复（BLR），其中通过连续采样ADC将信号脉冲的基线置于中等尺度，从而始终提供过去的历史。 生成用于基线负反馈控制的校正信号。

公开(公告)号：US06885165B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10104836

申请日：2002-03-22

申请人： Alan W. Henley ,  Carlyle L. Reynolds

发明人： Alan W. Henley ,  Carlyle L. Reynolds

IPC分类号： A61B6/04 ,  G05B11/00

CPC分类号： A61B6/0457

摘要： A patient bed for use with at least one imaging device in which a plurality of scans to be correlated are performed, as well as in a continuous motion scanner used to compile whole-body scans. The patient bed includes a horizontal rail base and a movable patient surface. Electronic controllers are provided for controlling the horizontal and vertical positioning of the patient surface. The horizontal rail base is secured to the support proximate the scanner. A linear motor is used to generate horizontal motion of the patient bed. The linear motor is controlled using a motion controller in communication with a computer associated with the imaging device. A pedestal is provided for mounting a vertical carriage assembly. A vertical track is carried by the pedestal for controlling vertical travel of the patient bed. A motor is provided for controlling vertical motion. A pallet support member is cantilevered from the vertical carriage assembly for carrying a pallet.

摘要翻译： 用于与至少一个成像装置一起使用的患者床，其中执行要相关的多个扫描，以及用于编译全身扫描的连续运动扫描仪。 患者床包括水平轨道基座和可移动的患者表面。 提供电子控制器用于控制患者表面的水平和垂直定位。 水平导轨底座固定在靠近扫描仪的支架上。 线性马达用于产生患者床的水平运动。 使用与与成像装置相关联的计算机通信的运动控制器来控制线性电动机。 提供了用于安装垂直滑架组件的基座。 基座承载垂直轨道，用于控制病床的垂直行进。 提供电机用于控制垂直运动。 托盘支撑构件从垂直托架组件悬臂支撑托盘。

公开(公告)号：US20040262526A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-30

申请号：US10856225

申请日：2004-05-28

申请人： CTI PET Systems, Inc.

发明人： James L. Corbeil ,  Troy Marlar ,  Matthias J. Schmand ,  Niraj K. Doshi ,  Mark S. Andreaco

IPC分类号： B29D011/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/20 ,  B23K2103/50 ,  G01T1/2002

摘要： A method for fabricating a detector or light guide using laser technology. The method yields a detector component such as a scintillator, light guide or optical sensor which provides for the internal manipulation of light waves via the strategic formation of micro-voids to enhance control and collection of scintillation light, allowing for accurate decoding of the impinging radiation. The method uses laser technology to create micro-voids within a target media to optically segment the media. The micro-voids are positioned to define optical boundaries of the optically-segmented portions forming virtual resolution elements within the scintillator. Each micro-void is formed at its selected location using a laser source. The laser source generates and focuses a beam of light into the target media sequentially to form the micro-voids. The laser beam ablates the media at the focal point, thereby yielding the micro-void.

摘要翻译： 一种使用激光技术制造检测器或导光体的方法。 该方法产生诸如闪烁体，光导或光学传感器的检测器组件，其通过微空隙的战略形成提供对光波的内部操纵，以增强闪烁光的控制和收集，允许对入射辐射的精确解码 。 该方法使用激光技术在目标介质内产生微孔，以光学分段介质。 微孔被定位以限定在闪烁体内形成虚拟分辨元件的光学分割部分的光学边界。 使用激光源在其选定位置形成每个微孔。 激光源产生并将光束聚焦到目标介质中以形成微空隙。 激光束在焦点处消融介质，从而产生微孔。