摘要:
Method and apparatus are provided for cementing wells and preventing fluid entry into the wellbore before the cement cures and increasing radial stress in the cured cement. Impacts or vibrations are applied to the casing during the time that the cement is curing. The source or sources of the impacts or vibration are placed in the casing during displacement of the cement slurry or soon after placement and are mechanically coupled to the inside wall of the casing. The sources may later be withdrawn from the casing or expendable sources may be used.
摘要:
An array of sensor devices, each sensor including a set of semiconducting nanotraces having a width less than about 100 nm is provided. Method for fabricating the arrays is disclosed, providing a top-down approach for large arrays with multiple copies of the detection device in a single processing step. Nanodimensional sensing elements with precise dimensions and spacing to avoid the influence of electrodes are provided. The arrays may be used for multiplex detection of chemical and biomolecular species. The regular arrays may be combined with parallel synthesis of anchor probe libraries to provide a multiplex diagnostic device. Applications for gas phase sensing, chemical sensing and solution phase biomolecular sensing are disclosed.
摘要:
A method and system for purifying liquid is disclosed that includes combining powdered metal particles with the fluid to be treated. The mixture of powdered metal particles or metal and liquid to be treated is then passed through an electrolytic cell. The cell forms multivalent ions which attach to contaminants in the liquid and are subsequently separated out from the liquid using conventional solid/liquid separation techniques. The multivalent ions may also be formed from thin strips of aluminum or formed by pressing layers of powdered metallic particles together and installing in the electrolytic cell between two cathodes, the powdered metal electrode being the anode.
摘要:
A combined template and ruler for use in quilting is formed from a rigid plastic material and includes a plurality of spaced slots that correspond to cutting and sewing lines that are marked on layers of fabric using the template. The cutting and sewing lines are positioned such that a plurality of half square triangles of two ply material are formed without cutting the thread. A template and method of forming snowball blocks in a similar fashion is also disclosed.
摘要:
Apparatus is provided for removing oil from crankcase gases flowing from an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes filtration particles, contained within an outer case, that collect oil particles and allow drainage of the oil into an accumulator. The apparatus includes a separation chamber which initially causes the oil to separate from the crankcase gases.
摘要:
A double action locking jar is operable to provide a jarring force in an upward or downward direction. A pair of pressure pistons form a pressure chamber in which a Belleville spring stack is located. A metering orifice in one of the pistons serves to provide a delay mechanism for release of a mandrel within the housing. Two collets are located within the housing for mechanically releasing the mandrel when a tension or compression force is applied to the mandrel. The jar may be mechanically actuated only by allowing the pistons to freely move within the housing without hydraulic resistance.
摘要:
Apparatus is provided for removing oil from crankcase gases flowing from an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes filtration particles, contained within an outer case, that collect oil particles and allow drainage of the oil into an accumulator. An inner shell may be used as a water accumulator.
摘要:
A method for re-fracturing of wells having perforated casing that were previously fractured is provided. The method employs degradable ball sealers having a density near that of the injection fluid such that high seating efficiency of balls on perforations is attained. The balls degrade at varying rates, so that some intervals are opened for fracturing while other intervals are still blocked by ball sealers. After fracturing of an interval, the interval may by shut-off by ball sealers that degrade at a much slower rate or that do not degrade. The method may be applied to proppant fracturing or acid fracturing.
摘要:
Improved methods of bonding solid materials include a step of fabricating a micro-column array (MCA) on at least one surface to be bonded. The MCA formation process can be modified to cause and/or prevent chemical alteration of the surface being treated or to deposit a coating on the surface. In a preferred embodiment, the MCA is fabricated by laser treating the surface, such as by laser ablation.
摘要:
A board game is provided having the theme Death and Taxes. Multiple levels of paths of spaces are indicated on a board, each level having differing rules affecting the amount of scrip currency that a player receives or loses in playing. Players' pieces are moved to differing levels dependent on the amount of currency assigned to that player (Net Worth).