摘要:
A lubricating oil comprises a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of an additive package, and the additive package comprises at least one friction modifier of formula I: where R is a linear or branched, saturated, unsaturated, or partially saturated hydrocarbyl having about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms or R is represented by: and R1 is a linear or branched, saturated, unsaturated, or partially saturated hydrocarbyl having about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and R2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl having about 1 to about 2 carbon atoms. Methods of using the lubricating oil to improve thin film and/or boundary layer friction in an engine are also disclosed.
摘要:
In one embodiment, prior to similarity measure computation, concept expansion based on disjunctive normal form (DNF) decomposition and non-conventional reasoning is applied to an original ontology to generate an expanded ontology having the original concepts plus one or more pseudo concepts. As a result, the similarity measure computation can produce results that more accurately reflect a human point of view than convention techniques.
摘要:
An example system includes a plurality of wireless communication elements and a controller. The plurality of wireless communication elements are configured to provide wireless service to a geographic area of interest, each wireless communication element comprising at least an antenna port or at least one antenna. The controller is configured to control the wireless communication elements, wherein the controller is configured to determine respective ones of the wireless communication elements that are to be activated or not activated.
摘要:
Embodiments for optical communication are provided in which tunable receiver selects and demodulates a first channel of a WDM signal. An example receiver includes a tunable local oscillator for generating a local oscillator signal approximately centered at a first channel wavelength. An optical hybrid of the receiver receives at a first input a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) signal with a M-ary modulation scheme, wherein M is an integer greater than 2, and at a second input the local oscillator signal. A plurality of detectors detect in-phase and quadrature components of the first channel wavelength output of the optical hybrid, which are digitizing by a plurality of analog-to-digital converters. A digital signal processor processes the digitized in-phase and quadrature components in order to recover data carried by the first channel of the WDM signal.
摘要:
A die having at least two variable qualities that convey information for use in game play, wherein the variable qualities randomly change independently of one another upon rolling the die. Therefore, multiple independent random outcomes are produced each roll of the die. Preferably, at least one of the variable qualities is the color of the die such that the die changes color in response to sensor-detected movement of the die.
摘要:
An optical receiver having an optical IQ modulator configured to generate an optical local-oscillator (OLO) signal for optical homodyne detection of an optical input signal applied to the optical receiver. The optical receiver further has (i) a phase detector configured to generate an electrical measure of the phase difference between the OLO signal and a carrier wave of the optical input signal and (ii) a phase-lock loop configured to drive the optical IQ modulator using the electrical measure. In an embodiment, the phase detector is configured to generate the electrical measure using both I and Q components of the homodyne-detected signal and in a manner that enables the optical receiver to be compatible with the M-QAM modulation format.
摘要:
A method and apparatus updates supplement information (SI) in a time-shifted multimedia program that includes a primary multimedia-content feed and one or more SI overlays. In one embodiment, the invention identifies spatial, temporal, and/or logical occurrences of supplemental information (SI) in a recorded program and replaces this potentially outdated information with SI that is either less time-sensitive and/or updated to be relevant to the playback time of the program. In another embodiment, SI overlays are identified by tags that are embedded into a multimedia program feed and stored (time-shifted) along with the feed by an enhanced digital video recorder (EDVR) set-top. The set-top decodes the stored feed, reads the tags to determine sources for replacement SI, retrieves the replacement SI from the sources, and creates updated overlays from the replacement SI. The set-top then replaces the original overlays with updated SI overlays and outputs the result to a display.
摘要:
In a representative embodiment, a disclosed receiver of an optical multicarrier offset-quadrature-amplitude-modulated (MC-OQAM) signal is configured to track and compensate for the phase error in the local-oscillator (LO) signal with respect to a carrier wave of a modulated subcarrier of the optical MC-OQAM signal by tracking a minimum of a cost function that is sensitive to crosstalk between in-phase and quadrature components of the modulated subcarrier and/or crosstalk between the modulated subcarrier and at least one other modulated subcarrier of the optical MC-OQAM signal. The receiver can operate based on pure feed-forward processing and compensate the phase error in real time and without relying on pilot symbols or a PLL circuit coupled to the LO source.
摘要:
A sole section adapted for use in a sole of a shoe or other footwear which includes at least a bottom sole portion. The sole section includes at least two inner bladders each of which contains a fluid, and at least a part thereof is located in a single frontal plane cross-section of the sole. The sole section also includes a duct and/or valve providing fluid communication between the inner bladders, an electronic control system including a microprocessor that controls the fluid communication and an outer bladder. The inner bladders are inside the outer bladder and separated from the outer bladder at least in part by an internal sipe formed by a portion of an inner surface of said outer bladder and a portion of an outer surface of each of said inner bladders. The surface portions of the sipe oppose each other and can slide relative to each other.
摘要:
A rotary device is described for use in a rotary engine, or a compressor, or turbine, the rotary device comprising two rotors disposed adjacent each other and rotatable about substantially parallel axes of rotation. Each of the rotors has protrusions extending therefrom at regular intervals about the circumference of each to define an open portion of a sealable compression chamber between adjacent protrusions. Each protrusion has two side surfaces and a projecting end surface, wherein the meeting point between each side surface and the projecting end surface defines a tip. The two rotors are arranged such that upon contra rotation of the rotors, a protrusion of one of the rotors engages between a pair of protrusions on the other rotor, and the tips of the engaging rotor are in constant sealing contact with the opposing side surfaces of the pair of protrusions for a predetermined period of time. During the predetermined period of time, a sealed chamber is formed and the volume of the chamber is reduced to a predetermined level by the contra rotation.