Magnetic tunnel junction structures and related methods

    公开(公告)号:US12238937B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US17870695

    申请日:2022-07-21

    Abstract: The disclosure is directed to spin-orbit torque (“SOT”) magnetoresistive random-access memory (“MRAM”) (“SOT-MRAM”) structures and methods. A new structure of the SOT channel has one or more magnetic insertion layers superposed or stacked with one or more heavy metal layer(s). Through proximity to a magnetic insertion layer, a surface portion of a heavy metal layer is magnetized to include a magnetization. The magnetization within the heavy metal layer enhances spin-dependent scattering, which leads to increased transverse spin imbalance.

    Systems and methods for automated network state and network inventory tracking

    公开(公告)号:US12237978B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US18300205

    申请日:2023-04-13

    Abstract: A network state tracking system tracks the state of a network and recommends an action when the state of the network changes. The network state tracking system detects one or more nodes on the network and generates one or more snapshots of the network. The snapshots are generated by obtaining first and second status data from the nodes and detecting whether a change in the network has occurred based on the status data. The snapshots are generated based on the first and second status data when a change in the network is detected. The snapshots are then used to train a machine learning model to recommend an action to take when a change in the network occurs.

    Communication apparatus and communication method for channel estimation

    公开(公告)号:US12237887B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US18545742

    申请日:2023-12-19

    Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for channel estimation. The communication apparatus comprises a transmitter, which in operation, transmits a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) to one or more other communication apparatus in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless network, the PPDU including a long training field (LTF) that facilitates the one or more other communication apparatus to estimate respective channels for respective communications with the communication apparatus; and a controller, which in operation, establishes the number of LTF symbols (NLTF) for generating the LTF in the PPDU, wherein the NLTF depends on a maximum value (NSTSMAX) of the number of space-time streams for each resource unit (RU) in the PPDU.

    Method for dynamic clustering of electrical installations, in particular for rendering ancillary services

    公开(公告)号:US12237684B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US17538111

    申请日:2021-11-30

    Abstract: A method for controlling an electrical distribution grid, comprising the following steps: determining at least one variable which describes a state of the electrical distribution grid; combining a plurality of electrical installations, in particular a plurality of regenerative generating units, of the electrical distribution grid to form a virtual power plant, in particular taking into consideration the variable; establishing a control area within the electrical distribution grid for the virtual power plant; establishing a control unit of an electrical installation of the virtual power plant as main control unit; controlling the control area using the main control unit of the virtual power plant.

    Display apparatus and operating method thereof

    公开(公告)号:US12236878B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US18529906

    申请日:2023-12-05

    Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a display apparatus may include a display panel in which a pixel circuit including a light emitting diode and a driving transistor connected to the light emitting diode is disposed; a memory configured to store a first current value corresponding to a first temperature and a second current value corresponding to a second temperature; a temperature sensor; and a control circuit configured to identify a threshold voltage of the light emitting diode using the first current value when a temperature sensed by the temperature sensor corresponds to the first temperature, and identifies the threshold voltage of the light emitting diode using the second current value when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor corresponds to the second temperature.

    Display device and driving method

    公开(公告)号:US12236877B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US18520043

    申请日:2023-11-27

    Abstract: A display device and a driving method thereof. While a turn-on gate signal is being supplied to a first gate line, a dummy voltage is supplied to a first type data line, and a first image frame voltage for expressing a first image frame line is supplied to a second type data line. The readability of an image frame is improved.

    Method for eliciting infectious immunological tolerance

    公开(公告)号:US12234287B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-25

    申请号:US17254110

    申请日:2019-06-21

    Abstract: The present disclosure provides a novel technique relating to immunological tolerance. More specifically, the present inventor found for the first time that, in a technique for inducing immunological tolerance by administering an organ transplantation patient (a recipient) a cell preparation containing cells in which anergy is induced by an inhibitor inhibiting the interaction between CD80/CD86 and CD28, the immunological tolerance continues even after the disappearance of the cells derived from the cell preparation from the recipient (infectious immunological tolerance). Further, the present inventor proved that such a cell preparation can elicit immunological tolerance against immunological rejection caused by allergy, iPS cells, etc. or cells, tissues or organs derived therefrom.

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