公开(公告)号：US20060158603A1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-20

申请号：US11336397

申请日：2006-01-20

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  John Ballato

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  John Ballato

IPC分类号： G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/00 ,  G02B5/3083 ,  G02F2202/32

摘要： Recent theoretical investigations have predicted the existence of axially frozen modes that arise when light is incident upon an anisotropic two-dimensional photonic crystal. Such electromagnetic modes are of interest since they suggest a near-zero group velocity with extraordinary amplitudes. The present invention addresses the crystal physics associated with realizing such effects and provides for the development of materials suitable for use in the forming photonic crystals that can exhibit such effects.

摘要翻译： 最近的理论研究已经预测了当光入射到各向异性二维光子晶体时产生的轴向冷冻模式的存在。 这样的电磁模式是令人感兴趣的，因为它们表示具有非常振幅的近零组速度。 本发明涉及与实现这种效果相关联的晶体物理学，并且提供了适用于形成能够表现出这种效果的光子晶体的材料的开发。

公开(公告)号：US06903629B1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-07

申请号：US10669282

申请日：2003-09-24

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  John R. Vig ,  Yook-Kong Yong

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  John R. Vig ,  Yook-Kong Yong

IPC分类号： H03H9/17 ,  H03H9/56 ,  H03H9/205 ,  H03H9/54

CPC分类号： H03H9/177 ,  H03H9/132 ,  H03H9/56 ,  H03H2003/0428 ,  H03H2003/0435

摘要： Double-sided, single-sided and ring electrode mesa resonators are provided that operate in the difficult 3 GHZ frequency with an electrode-free resonator area that serves as an energy-trapping area. The double-sided electrode-free resonator device is a double-sided mesa resonator plate, top and bottom wells, a mesa, and top and bottom electrodes deposited in such a way that the electrodes cover the plate surface and surround the mesa, which allows the mesa to protrude above the electrodes and provide an electrode-free resonator area. The top and bottom electrodes, which are acoustically coupled and controlled by acoustic gaps, create an electro-magnetic field and an excitation voltage within a vibrating area of the resonator plate generates an acoustic energy which is trapped within the resonator area and confined to the resonator area to minimize a leakage of the acoustic energy and provide a high Q factor at 3 GHz. The resonator has a resonator frequency determined by a resonator thickness dimension, t3, influences the resonator area's ability to function as an active element trapping the acoustic energy. The inventors herein have observed a strong relationship between decreased resonator thickness and motional impedance. Double-sided and single-sided filter devices based on the same principles are also provided.

摘要翻译： 提供双面，单面和环形电极台面共振器，其工作在困难的3 GHZ频率，无电极谐振器区域用作能量捕获区域。 双面无电极谐振器装置是双面台面共振器板，顶部和底部井，台面以及顶部和底部电极，以使得电极覆盖板表面并且围绕台面的方式沉积，这允许 台面突出在电极上方，并提供无电极的谐振器区域。 通过声学间隙声学耦合和控制的顶部和底部电极产生电磁场，并且谐振器板的振动区域内的激发电压产生被吸收在谐振器区域内并限于谐振器的声能 以最小化声能的泄漏并在3GHz提供高Q因子。 谐振器具有由谐振器厚度尺寸t 3确定的谐振器频率，影响谐振器区域作为捕获声能的有源元件的功能。 发明人在此观察到减小的谐振器厚度和运动阻抗之间的强关系。 还提供了基于相同原理的双面和单面过滤装置。

公开(公告)号：US5650685A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-22

申请号：US533043

申请日：1995-09-25

申请人： John A. Kosinski ,  Edward R. Baidy ,  Arthur Ballato ,  Owen P. Layden

发明人： John A. Kosinski ,  Edward R. Baidy ,  Arthur Ballato ,  Owen P. Layden

IPC分类号： H01L25/16 ,  H01L41/107 ,  H01L41/08

CPC分类号： H01L41/107 ,  H01L25/16 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/48227 ,  H01L2924/19107 ,  H01L2924/3011 ,  H01L2924/3025

摘要： A microcircuit package with an integrated acoustic isolator made up of a stacked acoustic filter. The package includes a rigid, electrically conductive housing with a IC module mounted therein. The acoustic filter includes two electroacoustic transducers mounted on opposite sides of a common wall of the package, one inside the package and the other outside. An a.c. power source is connected to the transducer that is mounted on the outside of the package. Electrical energy from the power source is converted by the outside transducer into acoustic energy which is conducted through the package wall to the inside transducer which reconverts the acoustic energy into electrical energy. The package wall has a significant thickness in comparison to the acoustic wavelength of the filter passband and is preferably equal to an integer number of one-half acoustic wavelengths. The transducer-wall combination acts as a filter having a passband tailored to prevent high-power microwave energy from being transmitted through the package wall.

摘要翻译： 具有集成声隔离器的微电路封装，由隔音滤波器组成。 该封装包括刚性的导电外壳，其中安装有IC模块。 声学滤波器包括安装在封装的公共壁的相对侧上的两个电声换能器，一个在封装内部，另一个在外部。 一个 电源连接到安装在包装外侧的传感器。 来自电源的电能由外部换能器转换成通过封装壁传导到内部换能器的声能，其将声能重新转换成电能。 封装壁与滤波器通带的声波长度相比具有显着的厚度，并且优选等于1/2声波长的整数。 换能器 - 壁组合用作滤波器，该滤波器具有定制的通带，以防止高功率微波能量通过封装壁传输。

公开(公告)号：US5387997A

公开(公告)日：1995-02-07

申请号：US159902

申请日：1993-11-29

申请人： Gerald J. Iafrate ,  Mitra Dutta ,  Hongen Shen ,  Michael A. Stroscio ,  Arthur Ballato

发明人： Gerald J. Iafrate ,  Mitra Dutta ,  Hongen Shen ,  Michael A. Stroscio ,  Arthur Ballato

IPC分类号： G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/015

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  G02F1/017

摘要： An optic modulator having a transparent piezoelectric substrate, an active multiple quantum well (MQW) epilayer with bottom electrical contacts bonded to the substrate, wherein the substrate is cut such that its thermal expansion coefficient is matched or roughly matched to that of the MQW epilayer in the direction parallel to the long axes of the bottom contacts and so that the piezoelectrically-active direction of the substrate is normal to the long axes of the bottom contacts. In order to control the bias of the MQW epilayer a transparent contact is disposed over the MQW epilayer. In operation, the piezoelectric substrate, when activated, will displace an anisotropic strain on the MQW epilayer which will break the rotational symmetry in the plane of the MQW. This will result in anisotropic mixing of the heavy and light holes in the MQW epilayer and thus, will result in an anisotropic excitonic absorption of light normal to the MQW epilayer.

摘要翻译： 一种具有透明压电衬底的光调制器，具有与衬底结合的底部电触点的活性多量子阱（MQW）外延层，其中衬底被切割，使得其热膨胀系数与MQW外延层的热膨胀系数匹配或大致匹配 平行于底部触点的长轴的方向，并且使得基板的压电方向垂直于底部触点的长轴。 为了控制MQW外延层的偏置，在MQW外延层上设置透明触点。 在操作中，当激活时，压电基板将移动MQW外延层上的各向异性应变，这将破坏MQW平面中的旋转对称性。 这将导致MQW外延层中重孔和光孔的各向异性混合，从而导致与MQW外延层垂直的光的各向异性激子吸收。

公开(公告)号：US4785232A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-15

申请号：US65820

申请日：1987-06-05

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  Herbert A. Leupold

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  Herbert A. Leupold

IPC分类号： G01R29/22 ,  G01R31/28 ,  G01R33/12

CPC分类号： G01R29/22 ,  G01R31/2831 ,  G01R33/1253

摘要： A method and apparatus for the contactless, non-destructive measurement of Hall coefficient and resistivity of a piezoelectric semiconductor sample. The material to be tested is formed in a disk which is supported at its edge by a holder. The disc is free to vibrate. Two pairs of electrodes, placed above and below the sample, excite the sample into and beyond piezoelectric resonance. Then a magnetic field is applied to the sample and the sample again driven into and beyond resonance. Comparison between the performance of the disk before and after application of the magnetic field yields data from which Hall coefficient can be determined.

摘要翻译： 一种压电半导体样品的霍尔系数和电阻率的无接触，非破坏性测量的方法和装置。 要测试的材料形成在其边缘由支架支撑的盘中。 光盘可以自由振动。 放置在样品上方和下方的两对电极激发样品进入和超越压电谐振。 然后将磁场施加到样品，并且样品再次被驱动进入和超过谐振。 在应用磁场之前和之后磁盘的性能之间的比较产生可以确定霍尔系数的数据。

公开(公告)号：US4580116A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-01

申请号：US699990

申请日：1985-02-11

申请人： Arthur Ballato

发明人： Arthur Ballato

IPC分类号： H01P7/10

CPC分类号： H01P7/10

摘要： A method and means for producing a zero temperature coefficient for providing frequency stabilization as well as adjusting the frequency at a particular temperature of a dielectric resonator comprised of a cylindrical dielectric resonator element mounted on a substrate and having a dielectric disc affixed to the top of the resonator element. A zero temperature coefficient is obtained by selectively choosing the thickness of the dielectric disc depending upon the temperature coefficients of the constituent material of both the disc and resonator element. The operating frequency at a given temperature is furthermore adjusted by including two mutually contiguous patterns of metallization on the top surface of the resonator element and the bottom surface of the dielectric disc and thereafter rotating the disc so that a predetermined percentage of overlap between the two patterns exists.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生零温度系数的方法和装置，用于提供频率稳定性以及调节在介质谐振器的特定温度下的频率，该介质谐振器包括安装在基板上的圆柱形介质谐振元件，并且具有固定到 谐振元件。 通过根据盘和谐振器元件的构成材料的温度系数选择介质盘的厚度来获得零温度系数。 此外，通过在谐振器元件的顶表面和电介质盘的底表面上包括两个相互连续的金属化图案来调节给定温度下的工作频率，此后旋转盘，使得两个图案之间的预定百分比重叠 存在

公开(公告)号：US4409711A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-18

申请号：US426349

申请日：1982-09-29

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  John R. Vig

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  John R. Vig

IPC分类号： H03H9/05 ,  H03H9/19 ,  H03H9/56 ,  H04R17/00

CPC分类号： H03H9/56 ,  H03H9/566 ,  Y10T29/42

摘要： An acceleration resistant crystal resonator is made from a single quartz te that is optically twinned into a left-handed (LH) quartz portion and a right-handed (RH) quartz portion. According to the method, the optically twinned single quartz plate is formed into a resonator plate wherein the effective thickness of the (LH) portion is substantially the same as the effective thickness of the (RH) portion. The resonator plate is then mounted and bonded to the support structure of a crystal resonator enclosure. A pair of electrodes is then deposited onto the (LH) portion and a pair of electrodes deposited onto the (RH) portion. The thickness of the two pairs of electrodes is then adjusted so that the resonant frequency of the resonator on the (LH) portion is substantially the same as the resonant frequency of the resonator on the (RH) portion. The pairs of electrodes are then interconnected to each other and to an oscillator circuit so that in-phase vibration of the two portions is assured. The enclosure is then hermetically sealed.

摘要翻译： 加速阻抗晶体谐振器由单个石英板制成，该石英板被光学地结合到左旋（LH）石英部分和右旋（RH）石英部分中。 根据该方法，将光学双组合的单个石英板形成为共振板，其中（LH）部分的有效厚度与（RH）部分的有效厚度基本相同。 然后将谐振器板安装并结合到晶体谐振器外壳的支撑结构。 然后将一对电极沉积到（LH）部分上，并将一对电极沉积在（RH）部分上。 然后调整两对电极的厚度，使得（LH）部分上的谐振器的谐振频率基本上与（RH）部分上的谐振器的谐振频率相同。 然后将这对电极彼此互连并连接到振荡器电路，以确保两部分的同相振动。 然后将外壳密封。

公开(公告)号：US07463329B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-09

申请号：US11336397

申请日：2006-01-20

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  John Ballato

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  John Ballato

IPC分类号： G02F1/13 ,  G02B5/18

CPC分类号： G02F1/00 ,  G02B5/3083 ,  G02F2202/32

摘要： Recent theoretical investigations have predicted the existence of axially frozen modes that arise when light is incident upon an anisotropic two-dimensional photonic crystal. Such electromagnetic modes are of interest since they suggest a near-zero group velocity with extraordinary amplitudes. The present invention addresses the crystal physics associated with realizing such effects and provides for the development of materials suitable for use in the forming photonic crystals that can exhibit such effects.

摘要翻译： 最近的理论研究已经预测了当光入射到各向异性二维光子晶体时产生的轴向冷冻模式的存在。 这样的电磁模式是令人感兴趣的，因为它们表示具有非常振幅的近零组速度。 本发明涉及与实现这种效果相关联的晶体物理学，并且提供了适用于形成能够表现出这种效果的光子晶体的材料的开发。

公开(公告)号：US07053523B1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-30

申请号：US10774645

申请日：2004-02-02

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  Richard H. Wittstruck ,  Xiaojun Tong ,  Yicheng Lu

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  Richard H. Wittstruck ,  Xiaojun Tong ,  Yicheng Lu

IPC分类号： H03H9/145 ,  H03H9/25

CPC分类号： H03H9/02228 ,  H03H9/02086 ,  H03H9/17

摘要： An Interdigital Bulk Acoustic-Wave Transducer (IBAT) device is provided with pairs of exciting electrode fingers disposed sufficiently close together on the piezoelectric substrate and dielectric coating over the exciting electrode fingers to generate an IC-compatible voltage at relatively high electric field strength, resulting in a reduced region of excitation and uniform electric field strength distribution. The IBAT advantageously produces a lateral electric field substantially uniform over a substantial portion of the active BAW structure area, reducing, or virtually eliminating sharp voltage spikes, an electrical field produced by the low voltages resident on integrated circuit (IC) chips, usually of a magnitude of 10 volts, or lower, the planar electrode structure being compatible with IC processing techniques, such as photolithography and the BAWs produced thereby being essentially plane waves, with propagation away from, but with phase progression substantially parallel to, the substrate surface. Numerous IBAT structural arrangements are possible by advantageously over-coating the IBAT electrode finger stripes with an insulating dielectric in different configurations, and any possible configuration achieved through over-coating is considered to be within the contemplation of the devices and methods of the present invention. Interdigital bulk acoustic wave transducers and methods for exciting bulk acoustic waves with interdigital electrode fingers are also provided.

摘要翻译： 交叉散音声波传感器（IBAT）装置设置有一对在压电基片上充分靠近的激励电极指状物和在激发电极指上的电介质涂层，以在较高的电场强度下产生IC兼容的电压，从而产生 在激励和均匀电场强度分布的减少区域。 IBAT有利地产生在主动BAW结构区域的大部分上基本上均匀的横向电场，减少或实际上消除了尖锐的电压尖峰，这是由驻留在集成电路（IC）芯片上的低电压产生的电场，通常为 10伏特或更低的平面电极结构与IC处理技术（例如光刻法）兼容，并且由此产生的BAW基本上是平面波，其传播远离基本表面但基本平行于相位进展。 可以通过有利地用不同结构的绝缘电介质覆盖IBAT电极指状条来实现许多IBAT结构布置，并且通过过涂覆实现的任何可能的构造被认为在本发明的装置和方法的考虑之内。 还提供叉指体积声波换能器和用于激发具有叉指电极指的体声波的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5698940A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-16

申请号：US589922

申请日：1996-01-23

申请人： Arthur Ballato ,  David C. Morton

发明人： Arthur Ballato ,  David C. Morton

IPC分类号： H01J29/89

CPC分类号： H01J29/896 ,  H01J2329/892

摘要： In the faceplate of a cathode ray tube or in an FED the amount of light emanating from the phosphor that reaches a viewer is increased by the use of internal and external antireflection layers and concavities between layers on the side of the viewer with respect to the phosphor layer.

摘要翻译： 在阴极射线管的面板中或在FED中，通过使用内部和外部抗反射层和观察者侧上的层之间的相对于荧光体的增加，来自观察者的荧光体发出的光量增加 层。