摘要:
A method and apparatus for transporting a fluid wherein a pressure difference for causing transport of the fluid to occur is generated by membrane, which may include a network of pores, preferably arranged in artificial leaves, in fluid communication with the fluid and in contact with an environment facilitating vaporization of the fluid via the membrane, the apparatus including a mechanical apparatus for recovering useable energy from the transport of the fluid across the membrane.
摘要:
A sandwich panel heat pipe with a three-dimensional ordered open-cellular micro-truss core and a method creating the same. In one embodiment, the sandwich panel heat pipe includes a first face sheet, a second face sheet, the three-dimensional ordered open-cellular micro-truss core between the first face sheet and the second face sheet, and a working fluid in the ordered open-cellular micro-truss core. Here, the three-dimensional ordered open-cellular micro-truss core includes a vapor region and a liquid region, the vapor region is for transporting a vapor phase portion of the working fluid to the liquid region, and the liquid region is for transporting a liquid phase portion of the working fluid to the vapor region.
摘要:
A curved, three-dimensional, ordered micro-truss structure comprising: a plurality of first struts extending along a first direction; a plurality of second struts extending along a second direction; and a plurality of third struts extending along a third direction, wherein the first, second, and third struts interpenetrate one another at a plurality of nodes, wherein the pluralities of first struts, second struts, third struts, and nodes form a plurality of ordered unit cells within the micro-truss structure, and wherein the plurality of ordered unit cells define a curved surface.
摘要:
A curved, three-dimensional, ordered micro-truss structure comprising: a plurality of first struts extending along a first direction; a plurality of second struts extending along a second direction; and a plurality of third struts extending along a third direction, wherein the first, second, and third struts interpenetrate one another at a plurality of nodes, wherein the pluralities of first struts, second struts, third struts, and nodes form a plurality of ordered unit cells within the micro-truss structure, and wherein the plurality of ordered unit cells define a curved surface.
摘要:
A mass transfer system including a housing and a three-dimensional ordered open-cellular micro-truss material within the housing for a mass transfer application. Here, the three-dimensional ordered open-cellular micro-truss material includes a plurality of first truss elements defined by a plurality of first self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a first direction, a plurality of second truss elements defined by a plurality of second self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a second direction, and a plurality of third truss elements defined by a plurality of third self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a third direction. The first, second, and third ordered truss elements interpenetrate each other at a plurality of nodes to form a continuous material. In one embodiment, the continuous material is a metal material.
摘要:
A personal artificial transpiration cooling system having a transpiration surface with a substrate, a transpiration membrane layer which is spaced from the substrate layer by one or more spacers to define one or more interior fluid flow channels between a first surface of the transpiration membrane layer and the substrate; and a stoma layer disposed adjacent a second surface of the permeable membrane layer, the stoma layer being spaced from the second surface of permeable membrane layer by a predetermined distance to define one or more cavities disposed between pores in the at least one stoma layer and the second surface of the permeable membrane layer. A fluid reservoir is provided in fluid communication with the one or more interior fluid flow channels, while the transpiration surface is configured to be worn by a human or an animal and the fluid reservoir is designed to be supported, in use, by the human or animal wearing the transpiration surface.
摘要:
An ordered, 3-dimensional, micro-scale, open-cellular truss structure including interconnected hollow polymer tubes. The hollow micro-truss structure separates two fluid volumes which can be independently pressurized or depressurized to control flow, or materials properties, or both. Applications for this invention include deployable structures, inflatable structures, flow control, and vented padding.
摘要:
A heated resonator includes a base substrate, a piezoelectric piece having a thickness and a top side and a bottom side, a first electrode on the top side, a second electrode opposite the first electrode on the bottom side, an anchor connected between the piezoelectric piece and the base substrate, and a heater on the piezoelectric material. A thermal resistor region in the piezoelectric piece is between the heater and the anchor.
摘要:
A heat sink comprising a heat spreader attached to a three-dimensional ordered open-cellular microstructure material. The three-dimensional ordered open-cellular microstructure material has dimensions that allow for large surface area to volume ratios. The three-dimensional ordered open-cellular microstructure may be comprised of hollow truss elements and partially filled with a thermally conductive material or a fluid.