公开(公告)号：US4159930A

公开(公告)日：1979-07-03

申请号：US943839

申请日：1978-09-19

申请人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

发明人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

IPC分类号： C22B11/00 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D15/04 ,  B01J41/04 ,  C01G1/00 ,  C01G5/00 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/62 ,  C22B3/00 ,  C22B3/42 ,  C01G37/14 ,  C01G49/00 ,  C25C1/20

CPC分类号： B01J41/043 ,  C22B3/42 ,  Y02P10/234

摘要： A process for treating very dilute solutions containing ecologically noxious heavy metal ions, in which the solutions are made acceptable for return to the environment, and the typically valuable heavy metal present in the solution is recovered at an economic profit. The dilute solution is flowed through an ion exchange resin, as a cross-linked polystyrene having quaternary ammonium functional groups which hold the heavy metal ions, allowing an ecologically benign effluent to return to the environment or the water to be re-used in industrial processing. Typically, an alkali metal halide is subsequently placed in contact with the resin to recover the heavy metal ion for subsequent reduction to a solid.

摘要翻译： 用于处理含有生态有害的重金属离子的非常稀释的溶液的方法，其中使溶液返回到环境中是可接受的，并且经济利润回收了存在于溶液中的典型有价值的重金属。 稀释溶液通过离子交换树脂流动，作为具有季铵官能团的交联聚苯乙烯，其具有重金属离子，允许生态良性流出物返回到环境或被再次用于工业加工中的水 。 通常，随后将碱金属卤化物与树脂接触以回收重金属离子以便随后还原成固体。

公开(公告)号：US4228013A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-14

申请号：US945652

申请日：1978-09-25

申请人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

发明人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

IPC分类号： B01D15/02 ,  B01J47/02 ,  B01J49/00 ,  C02F1/28 ,  G03C5/395 ,  B01D15/04 ,  B01D15/06 ,  B01J1/09

CPC分类号： G03C5/3956 ,  B01D15/02 ,  B01J47/02 ,  B01J47/026 ,  B01J49/0004 ,  C02F1/28 ,  C22B3/42 ,  C02F2101/20 ,  Y02P10/234 ,  Y10T137/86372 ,  Y10T137/87265

摘要： Heavy metal ions are recovered from a dilute aqueous solution by flowing the solution through either a single bed of ion-absorbing material in successive forward and reverse directions, or through a first bed of ion-absorbing material and thereafter through a second bed of ion-absorbing material in the reverse directon of flow. The reversal of flow is to periodically mechanically agitate a bed of ion-absorbing material to dislodge contaminants, such as gelatin.The method is accomplished by using one enclosed vessel, or a pair of enclosed vessels, that have valves to control the direction of flow. A timing device preferably automatically reverses the direction of flow about each hour.After a relatively large number of reversals of flow the heavy metal ions are recovered from the ion-absorbing material and the same is regenerated in the process to again absorb ions from the dilute aqueous solution.

摘要翻译： 通过使溶液通过离子吸收材料的单一床在连续的正向和反向方向上流动，或者通过离子吸收材料的第一床，然后通过离子吸收材料的第二床将稀溶液从稀溶液中回收， 在反向流动中吸收材料。 流动的反转是周期性地机械地搅动离子吸收材料床以去除污染物，例如明胶。 该方法是通过使用一个封闭容器或一对封闭的容器来实现的，这些容器具有阀门以控制流动方向。 定时装置优选地自动地反转每个小时的流动方向。 在流过相对大量的反转之后，从离子吸收材料回收重金属离子，并且在再次从稀水溶液中吸收离子的过程中再生该金属离子。

公开(公告)号：US4137290A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-30

申请号：US764669

申请日：1977-02-01

申请人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

发明人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

IPC分类号： G03C5/00 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D15/04 ,  B01J47/02 ,  C01G1/00 ,  C02F1/28 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C22B3/00 ,  C22B3/24 ,  C22B3/42 ,  C22B11/00 ,  C25C1/20 ,  G03C5/395

CPC分类号： B01D15/00 ,  B01J47/02 ,  C02F1/285 ,  C22B3/42 ,  G03C5/3956 ,  C02F2101/20 ,  Y02P10/234 ,  Y10S423/14

摘要： Heavy metal ions are recovered from a dilute aqueous solution by flowing the solution through either a single bed of ion-absorbing material in successive forward and reverse directions, or through a first bed of ion-absorbing material and thereafter through a second bed of ion-absorbing material in the reverse direction of flow. The reversal of flow is to periodically mechanically agitate a bed of ion-absorbing material to dislodge contaminants, such as gelatin.The method is accomplished by using one enclosed vessel, or a pair of enclosed vessels, that have valves to control the direction of flow. A timing device preferably automatically reverses the direction of flow about each hour.After a relatively large number of reversals of flow the heavy metal ions are recovered from the ion-absorbing material and the same is regenerated in the process to again absorb ions from the dilute aqueous solution.

摘要翻译： 通过使溶液通过离子吸收材料的单一床在连续的正向和反向方向上流动，或者通过离子吸收材料的第一床，然后通过离子吸收材料的第二床，从稀释的水溶液中回收重金属离子， 在相反的流动方向吸收材料。 流动的反转是周期性地机械地搅动离子吸收材料床以去除污染物，例如明胶。

公开(公告)号：US4172723A

公开(公告)日：1979-10-30

申请号：US925718

申请日：1978-07-18

申请人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

发明人： David J. Degenkolb ,  Fred J. Scobey

IPC分类号： G03C7/407 ,  G03C7/16 ,  G03C5/26 ,  G03C5/30

CPC分类号： G03C7/407

摘要： In the development of color negatives the same are pre-soaked in an acid-inhibited developing agent bath of typically two to four times normal concentration. Subsequent substantially normal development provides up to 21/2 stops (six times) greater sensitivity of the emulsion after photographic underexposure. Excessive contrast, grain, and fog are minimized, and necessary tracking parallelism of the contrast curves for the three layers of the color-sensitive emulsion is maintained. Deliberate underexposure in studio motion-picture-making can now be allowed, thereby to effect a highly significant saving of electrical energy in stage lighting.

摘要翻译： 在彩色底片的开发中，相同的预浸渍在通常为正常浓度的2-4倍的酸抑制显影剂浴中。 随后的基本正常发展在摄影曝光不足后提供高达21/2次（六次）乳液的敏感性。 过大的对比度，颗粒和雾度被最小化，并且维持三层感色乳剂的对比曲线的必要跟踪平行度。 现在可以允许在摄影棚拍摄中故意曝光不足，从而在舞台灯光中节省电能。